7: The Respiratory System Flashcards
(22 cards)
What is the primary function of respiration?
To take oxygen from the external environment and rid the body of carbon dioxide
This involves a series of exchanges at different levels of the respiratory system.
What is inspiration?
Breathing in, inhaling
It is the process of taking air into the lungs.
What is expiration?
Breathing out, exhaling
It is the process of expelling air from the lungs.
What does external respiration involve?
Exchanging oxygen and carbon dioxide between the air in the lungs and the blood
This is a crucial part of the respiratory process.
What occurs during internal respiration?
Exchanging oxygen and carbon dioxide between the blood and the body’s tissue cells
This is essential for cellular function.
What is cellular respiration?
The final step where oxygen is used to provide energy for cellular activities and carbon dioxide is produced as a waste product
This process is vital for all living cells.
What comprises the upper respiratory tract?
Nostrils, nasal passages, pharynx, larynx, and trachea
These structures clean and warm the air as it passes through.
What structures make up the lower respiratory tract?
Two bronchi leading to the lungs and bronchioles within the lungs
These structures further clean the air before gas exchange.
Where does the exchange of gases occur in the lungs?
In the alveoli
These tiny sacs allow oxygen to diffuse into the capillaries.
What are some disorders of the lower respiratory tract?
- Bronchitis
- Pneumonia
- Pleurisy
- Emphysema
- Cystic fibrosis
- Asthma
- Lung cancer
These disorders can impair oxygen delivery to cells.
What are short-term infections of the upper respiratory tract?
- Tonsillitis
- Laryngitis
These infections do not obstruct breathing.
Fill in the blank: The respiratory tract is the passageway for air to move from the _______ into the lungs.
[external environment]
What is the primary function of the respiratory system?
Supplies oxygen to the digestive system to power mechanical and chemical digestion
The respiratory system plays a crucial role in providing oxygen necessary for various bodily functions, including digestion.
Through which part do the respiratory and digestive systems share access?
Pharynx
This shared structure allows for the possibility of breathing through the mouth.
What is the composition of the respiratory system?
A series of tubes that transport air from the external environment to the internal environment
These tubes work in conjunction with the circulatory system.
What are the vulnerabilities of the respiratory system?
Airborne contaminants and infectious agents
This susceptibility can lead to various health issues.
What lung disorders are contributed to by smoking tobacco?
Chronic bronchitis, emphysema, and cancer
Smoking is a significant risk factor for developing these debilitating conditions.
What are the components of respiration?
Breathing, external respiration, and internal respiration
Each component plays a distinct role in the overall process of gas exchange.
What happens during inspiration?
Pressure in the lungs decreases and air comes rushing in
This process is essential for bringing fresh oxygen into the lungs.
What occurs during expiration?
Increased pressure in the thoracic cavity causes air to leave the lungs
This process is crucial for expelling carbon dioxide from the body.
Where does external respiration occur?
In the lungs
It involves the diffusion of oxygen into the blood and carbon dioxide out of the blood.
Where does internal respiration occur?
In the tissues
It involves the diffusion of oxygen out of the blood and carbon dioxide into the blood.
