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1. Biology 20 And 30 > 8: Circulation and Immunity > Flashcards

8: Circulation and Immunity Flashcards

(55 cards)

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1
Q

What is the main function of the cardiovascular system?

A

To deliver nutrients and gases to the body’s trillions of cells and transport waste materials

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2
Q

What are the components of the cardiovascular system?

A

Heart and blood vessels

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3
Q

How does the cardiovascular system regulate internal temperature?

A

By moving heat produced by the muscular system

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4
Q

What is the structure of the heart?

A

A four-chambered, double pump

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5
Q

What are the three circulatory pathways in the cardiovascular system?

A
  • Pulmonary pathway
  • Systemic pathway
  • Coronary pathway
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6
Q

What is the function of the pulmonary pathway?

A

To transport blood to the lungs

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7
Q

What does the systemic pathway do?

A

Moves blood from the lungs to the body tissues and back again

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8
Q

What is the role of the coronary pathway?

A

Circulates blood to the muscle tissue of the heart

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9
Q

What type of blood do arteries carry in the systemic and coronary pathways?

A

Oxygen-rich blood

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10
Q

What type of blood do veins carry back to the heart?

A

Oxygen-poor blood

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11
Q

Where does the exchange of gases, nutrients, and wastes take place?

A

In the capillaries

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12
Q

What are the two main components of blood?

A
  • Formed portion
  • Fluid portion (plasma)
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13
Q

What are the functions of red blood cells?

A

Transport oxygen

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14
Q

What role do white blood cells play in the body?

A

Part of the body’s defense system

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15
Q

What is the function of platelets?

A

Assist the circulatory system in healing itself

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16
Q

What is the purpose of the lymphatic circulatory system?

A

To circulate lymph and maintain the body’s balance of fluids

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17
Q

What is included in the body’s defense system?

A
  • Barriers (skin, eyelashes, cilia, tears)
  • Non-specific defenses (macrophages, neutrophils, monocytes)
  • Specific defenses (antibodies)
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18
Q

What does a person’s blood type indicate?

A

The type of antigens found on the red blood cell surface

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19
Q

What are the four blood types in the ABO system?

A
  • Type A
  • Type B
  • Type AB
  • Type O
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20
Q

What is the Rh factor?

A

Another group of antigens found in most red blood cells

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21
Q

What can mixing blood types result in?

A

Agglutination

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22
Q

What are some disorders of the cardiovascular system?

A
  • Arteriosclerosis
  • High blood pressure
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23
Q

What blood disorders can impair nutrient and gas transport?

Study These Flashcards
A
  • Hemophilia
  • Leukemia
24
Q

What type of diseases can affect the immune system?

Study These Flashcards
A

Autoimmune diseases

25
What is the main function of the cardiovascular system?
To deliver nutrients and gases to the body's trillions of cells and transport waste materials
26
What are the components of the cardiovascular system?
Heart and blood vessels
27
How does the cardiovascular system regulate internal temperature?
By moving heat produced by the muscular system
28
What is the structure of the heart?
A four-chambered, double pump
29
What are the three circulatory pathways in the cardiovascular system?
* Pulmonary pathway * Systemic pathway * Coronary pathway
30
What is the function of the pulmonary pathway?
To transport blood to the lungs
31
What does the systemic pathway do?
Moves blood from the lungs to the body tissues and back again
32
What is the role of the coronary pathway?
Circulates blood to the muscle tissue of the heart
33
What type of blood do arteries carry in the systemic and coronary pathways?
Oxygen-rich blood
34
What type of blood do veins carry back to the heart?
Oxygen-poor blood
35
Where does the exchange of gases, nutrients, and wastes take place?
In the capillaries
36
What are the two main components of blood?
* Formed portion * Fluid portion (plasma)
37
What are the functions of red blood cells?
Transport oxygen
38
What role do white blood cells play in the body?
Part of the body's defense system
39
What is the function of platelets?
Assist the circulatory system in healing itself
40
What is the purpose of the lymphatic circulatory system?
To circulate lymph and maintain the body's balance of fluids
41
What is included in the body's defense system?
* Barriers (skin, eyelashes, cilia, tears) * Non-specific defenses (macrophages, neutrophils, monocytes) * Specific defenses (antibodies)
42
What does a person's blood type indicate?
The type of antigens found on the red blood cell surface
43
What are the four blood types in the ABO system?
* Type A * Type B * Type AB * Type O
44
What is the Rh factor?
Another group of antigens found in most red blood cells
45
What can mixing blood types result in?
Agglutination
46
What are some disorders of the cardiovascular system?
* Arteriosclerosis * High blood pressure
47
What blood disorders can impair nutrient and gas transport?
* Hemophilia * Leukemia
48
What type of diseases can affect the immune system?
Autoimmune diseases
49
What carries water and nutrients broken down by the digestive system?
Blood ## Footnote Blood is a mixture of plasma and formed elements.
50
What is the primary function of the heart in the circulatory system?
Pumps blood throughout the body through a vast network of vessels ## Footnote This network includes arteries, veins, and capillaries.
51
What does blood carry from and to the respiratory system?
Oxygen from and carbon dioxide to ## Footnote This exchange is crucial for respiration.
52
What role does the circulatory system play in homeostasis?
Contributes to homeostasis by distributing heat to maintain a constant body temperature ## Footnote This helps regulate overall body function.
53
What system contributes to homeostasis by returning fluids to the circulatory system?
Lymphatic system ## Footnote The lymphatic system also plays a role in immune function.
54
What type of cells destroy foreign pathogens in the body?
White blood cells ## Footnote These cells are essential for the immune response.
55
What is the function of platelets in the circulatory system?
Clot tissue breaches ## Footnote This is crucial for preventing blood loss during injuries.

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