CEREBRUM

Question 1

Functional areas

Answer 1

Anatomically: described according to lobes (frontal, parietal, temporal, occipital, limbinc and insular)

Functionally: described according to numbered areas (Broadmann’s classification)

Question 2

Frontal lobe

Answer 2

Motor area

Seat of mental activities

Question 3

Parietal lobe

Answer 3

Somesthetic area

Question 4

Occipital lobe

Answer 4

Visual center

Question 5

Temporal lobe

Answer 5

Hearing center

Question 6

Primary motor area

Answer 6

Pre-central gyrus

B.A. 4

Question 7

Primary somesthetic area

Answer 7

Post-central gyrus

B.A. 3,1,2

Question 8

Primary visual area

Answer 8

B.A. 17

Question 9

Primary auditory area

Answer 9

B.A. 41, 42

Question 10

Broca’s area

Answer 10

Inferior frontal gyrus

B.A. 44, 45

Motor aphasia

Question 11

Wernicke’s area

Answer 11

Superior temporal gyrus

B.A. 22

Sensory aphasia

Question 12

PYRAMIDAL SYSTEM

Answer 12

Provides voluntary control of skeletal muscles

Owes its name to the pyramidal cells of the primary motor cortex

Consits of: corticobulbar, lateral corticospinal, anterior corticospinal

Descending pathways refeerred to as Upper Motor Neurons

Motor cells in the Anterior gray horn of the SC and motor nuclei of the cranial nerves are the final common pathways for the control of skeletal muscle activity

Referred to as Lower Motor Neurons

Question 13

Lesions of CORTICOSPINAL TRACT

Answer 13

Above the level of decussation manifest contralaterally (eg. Stroke involving right motor area of cerebrum - left sided paralysis)

Below the level of decussation, manifest ipsilaterally (eg spinal cord lesion on right side -right sided paralysis)

Question 14

Highest center

Answer 14

Perceives sensations, commands skilled movements, provides awareness of emotions and is necessarry for memory, thinking language abilities and other higher mental functions