KNEE JOINT

Question 1

ARTICULATION (knee joint)

Answer 1

Above: CONDYLES OF THE FEMUR

Below: CONDYLES OF THE TIBIA AND MENISCI

Front: LOWER FEMUR, PATELLA

Question 2

Between femur and tibia

Answer 2

Synovial hinge joint

Question 3

Between patella and femur

Answer 3

Synovial gliding joint

Question 4

Nerve supply of knee joint

Answer 4

Femoral nerve

Obturator nerve

Common peroneal nerve

Tibial nerve

Question 5

Movements of knee joint

Answer 5

FLEXION
Biceps femoris
Semitendinosus
Semimembranosus
Gastrocnemius 
Gracilis
Sartorius
Popliteus 

EXTENSION
Quadricep femoris

Question 6

Encloses the knee joint

Except anteriorly (capsule deficient)

Synovial membrane pouches upward beneath quadriceps tendon

“Suprapatellar bursa”

Answer 6

CAPSULE

Question 7

Extra capsular ligaments

Answer 7

Ligamentum patellae

Lateral collateral ligament

Medial collateral ligament

Oblique popliteal ligament

Question 8

Intracapsular ligaments

Answer 8

Cruciate ligaments: anterior and posterior cruciate ligaments

Question 9

Preverns FORWARD sliding of the tibia on the femur

Posterior displacement of the femur on tibia

LAX during FLEXION

“APEX” ligament

Attaches to the Anterior aspect of tibia and courses Posteriorly and EXternally to attach to the lateral condyle of femur

Answer 9

Anterior cruciate ligament

Question 10

Prevents BACKWARD sliding of the tibia on the femur

Anterior displacement of the femur on tibia

LAX during EXTENSION

“PAIN” ligament

attaches to the Posterior aspect of tibia and courses Anteriorly and INternally to attach to the medial condyle of femur

Answer 10

Posterior cruciate ligament

Question 11

Unhappy triad of O’Donoghue

Answer 11

Anterior cruciate ligament

Medial collateral ligament

Medial meniscus

Question 12

3 most commonly inured structures (knee joint)

The terrible triad

Answer 12

Tibial collateral ligament

Medial meniscus

Anterior cruciate ligament

Question 13

Bloe to the lateral aspect of the knee

Answer 13

May injure the tibial collateral ligament

The attached medial meniscus may also be torn

Question 14

Blow to the anterior aspect of the flexed knee

Answer 14

May tear only the ACL

Question 15

Synovial joint

Stabilized laterally by BICEPS and GASTROCNEMIUS tendons, ILIOTIBIAL TRACT and FIBULAR COLLATERAL LIGAMENTS

Stabilized MEDIALLY by SARTORIUS, GRACILIS, GASTROCNEMIUS, SEMINITENDINOSUS and SEMIMEMBRANOSUS MUSCLES and TIBIAL COLLATERAL LIGAMENT

Answer 15

Knee Joint

Question 16

Forward sliding of the tibia on the femur due to rupture of the ANTERIOR CRUCIATE LIGAMENT

Answer 16

ANTERIOR DRAWER SIGN

Patients with a torn ACL exhibit ANTERIOR DRAWER SIGN, in which the TIBIA MAY BE DISPLACED ANTERIORLY FROM THE FETUS IN THE FLEXED KNEE

Question 17

Backward sliding of the tibia on the femur caused by rupture of the POSTERIOR CRUCIATE LIGAMENT

Answer 17

POSTERIOR DRAWER SIGN

Question 18

Tibia is bent or twisted LATERALLY

Collapse of the lateral compartment of the knee and RUPTURE OF THE MEDIAL / TIBIAL COLLATERAL LIGAMENT

Answer 18

Knock knee (GENU VALGUM)

Question 19

Tibia is bent MEDIALLY

Collapse of the medial compartment of the knee and RUPTURE OF THE LATERAL / FIBULAR COLLATERAL LIGAMENT

Answer 19

BOWLEG (GENU VARUM)