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Anatomy > Cranial Nerves: Facial Nerve > Flashcards

Cranial Nerves: Facial Nerve Flashcards

1
Q

What cranial nerve is the facial nerve?

A

cranial nerve 7

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2
Q

The facial nerve is innervated by what kind of fibers (specific)?

A

GSE, SVA, GSA, GVE

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3
Q

What do the GSE fibers of the facial nerve innervate?

A

the fibers of the muscles of facial expression and the caudal belly of the digastricus, stapedius, and stylohyoideus

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4
Q

Where are the GSE fibers of the facial nerve located?

A

in the motor nucleus of the facial nerve in the ventrilateral part of the medulla oblongata

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5
Q

What do the SVA fibers of the facial nerve innervate?

A

the taste buds of the palate and the rostral 2/3 of the tongue

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6
Q

What do the GSA fibers of the facial nerve innervate?

A

the receptors in the surface of the tongue that receive sensation for taste

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7
Q

What do the GVE fibers of the facial nerve innervate?

A

the salivary glands, lacrimal gland, and glands of the nasal, buccal, and lingual mucosa

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8
Q

Where are the GVE fibers of the facial nerve located?

A

dorsal to the GSE nucleus

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9
Q

Where do the axons of the GSE and GVE nuclei go?

A

they leave the medulla through the tapezoid body medial to the cochlear nerve

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10
Q

At the level of the trapezoid body, what does the facial nerve receive?

A

the intermediate nerve

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11
Q

What does the intermediate nerve contain?

A

SVA and GSA fibers

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12
Q

Where does the facial nerve leave the cranial cavity and what does it do after?

A

it leaves via the internal acoustic meatus and enters the facial petrosal canal of the petrous part of the temporal bone

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13
Q

When is the geniculate ganglion formed?

A

when the facial nerve enters the facial peterosal canal it forms a S shaped curve which is associated with the geniculate ganglion

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14
Q

What arises from the geniculate ganglion?

A

the major petrosal nerve

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15
Q

What does the major petrosal nerve leave the facial petrosal canal with and where does it go?

A

it leaves with a branch of the facial nerve (GVE) through the tympanic fissure adjacent to the foramen lacerum

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16
Q

What does the major petrosal nerve join with inside the tympanic fissure?

A

the deep petrosal nerve (GVE from internal carotid)

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17
Q

What do the major petrosal and deep petrosal join to form?

A

the nerve of the pterygoid canal

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18
Q

What is the course of the nerve of the pterygoid canal?

A

it courses on the medial pterygoid muscle

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19
Q

What do the preganglionic parasympathetic axons of the nerve of the pterygoid canal synapse with?

A

the pterygopalatine ganglion

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20
Q

What do the post-ganglionic parasympathetic axons coming from the pterygopalatine ganglion supply?

A

the lacrimal glands, and the glands in the nasal and palatine mucosa

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21
Q

What course do the postganglionic sympathetic axons follow and what do they supply?

A

they course on the medial pterygoid muscle, do not synapse with the pterygopalatine ganglion and provide innervation to the lacrimal glands, and glands in the nasal and palatine mucosa

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22
Q

What does the facial nerve do after giving off the major petrosal nerve?

A

it continues in the facial canal and gives off the stapedial nerve

23
Q

What does the stapedial nerve of the facial supply?

A

the stapedius muscle of the middle ear

24
Q

What does the facial nerve do after it gives off the stapedial nerve?

A

it gives off the chorda tympani

25
Q

What does the chorda tympani emerge through?

A

the petrotympanic fissure

26
Q

What does the chorda tympani join with?

A

the lingual branch of the mandibular nerve

27
Q

What type of fibers does the chorda tympani have?

A

mechanoreceptor and thermal afferent axons (GSA), taste axons (GSA and SVA), preganglionic parasympathetic axons (GVE)

28
Q

What do the taste axons of the chorda tympani go to?

A

the fungiform papillae in the rostral 2/3 of the tongue

29
Q

What do the preganglionic parasympathetic axons in the chorda tympani go to?

A

mandibular and sublingual ganglia via the branches of the lingual nerve

30
Q

Where does the main trunk of the facial nerve exit the skull?

A

through the stylomastoid foramen

31
Q

What does the facial nerve do after it exits the skull?

A

it gives off the internal auricular branches, caudal auricular nerve, digastric branch, stylohyoideys branch, cervical branch, buccal branch and auriculopalpebral branch

32
Q

Within the facial canal, what does the internal auricular branch receive?

A

the auricular branch from the vagus nerve

33
Q

What type of fibers do the internal auricular branches have?

A

GSA

34
Q

What does the internal auricular branch supply?

A

the external ear canal on the skin on the medial and lateral parts of the concave surface of the auricle

35
Q

What type of fibers does the caudal auricular nerve have?

A

GSE

36
Q

What does the caudal auricular nerve supply?

A

the caudal auricular muscles and the platysma

37
Q

What type of fibers does the digastric branch have?

A

GSE

38
Q

What does the digastric branch supply?

A

the caudal belly of the digastricus

39
Q

What does the stylohyoideus branch supply?

A

the stylohyoid muscle

40
Q

Where does the cervical branch lie?

A

superficial to the mandibular salivary gland

41
Q

What does the cervical branch innervate?

A

the parotidoauricularis and the ventral aspect of the cutaneous muscle of the neck

42
Q

What does the cervical branch join with?

A

it joins the ventral branch of the cervical spinal nerve to supply the ventral neck muscles

43
Q

What are the branches of the buccal branch of the facial nerve?

A

a dorsal branch and ventral branch

44
Q

What is the course if the dorsal buccal branch and what does it innervate?

A

it passes over the masseter to innervate the buccinator muscle

45
Q

What does the dorsal buccal branch receive?

A

a communicating branch from the auriculotemporal nerve

46
Q

What is the course of the ventral buccal branch?

A

courses along the ventral border of the masseter

47
Q

What do both branches of the buccal nerve supply?

A

the orbicularis oris, and the levator nasolabialis

48
Q

What is the course of the auriculopalpebral branch and what does it do?

A

courses dorsally from the base of the ear and divides into the palpebral and rostral auricular nerve

49
Q

What type of fibers does the palpebral nerve have?

A

motor

50
Q

What does the palpebral nerve supply?

A

it forms a rostral auricular plexus between the eye and the ear to supply the rostral auricular, scutuloauricularis uscle, levator nasolabialis, orbicularis oculi

51
Q

What type of fibers does the rostral auricular nerve have?

A

mixed

52
Q

What does damage to the dorsal and ventral buccal nerve cause?

A

narrowed palpebral fissure, curved philtrum, drooped atomic upper lip

53
Q

How do you test the function of the buccal nerve?

A

Pinch the lip at the level of the upper canine

Anatomy (27 decks)

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