congestion and odema Flashcards
what is the definition of congestion
Relative excess of blood in vessels of tissue or organ
acute or chronic
passive process
what is DVT a example of
local acute congestion
what is congestive heart failure a example of
generalised acute congestion
what is hepatic cirrhosis
loss of normal architecture altering the hepatic blood flow as a result of serious liver damage
what is hepatic cirrhosis and example of
Local chronic congestion
what is congestive cardiac failure
Heart unable to clear blood, right & left ventricles
due to an ineffective pump (ischemia, valve disease)
what are the effect of congestive cardiac failure
heart cannot clear blood from ventricle
back pressure, blood dammed in veins
pulmonary oedema
liver - central venous congestion (hepatomegaly)
what causes pulmonary oedema in the case of congestive heart failure
left heart failure
what is the appearance of hepatic central venous congestion macroscopically
nutmeg liver
what is a sing of central venous congestion
hepatomegaly
what causes oedema
disturbance of the normal microcirculation components
what are the normal microcirculation components
Hydrostatic Pressure
Oncotic Pressure
Permeability characteristics and area of Endothelium
what is a transudate
due to alterations in haemodynamic forces
fluid that is high in H20 and electrolytes
Low in protein and albumin
low specific gravity
what is a exudate
fluid that leaks into inflammatory areas
high in protein/albumin
there still is h20 and electrolytes
high specific gravity
what causes pulpnary odema in the CVS
hydrostatic pressure - transudare
LV failure - increased blood vlo - high BP
