Helminths, protozoa, and parasites Flashcards
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Ascaris lumbricoides
Roundworm infection, require specialized stool test to detect, 1-2 year life span, lays 200,000 eggs per day
Ascariasis
Often asymptomatic disease following roundworm infection, abdominal cramping, dry cough, or seeing worm in stool are possibilities, can lead to obstruction of bowels
Ascariasis/necator amerricanus/enterobius vermicularis treatment
Mebendazole, pyrantel pamoate, albendazole
Necator americanus
Hookworm, 2nd most common helminth infection, buries thru skin in foot and then lays eggs in intestine causing bloody diarrhea
Often necator americanus causes…
…iron deficiency
Trichinella spiralis
Most often found in undercooked pork, enter into skeletal muscle and form spiral growths, manifests as muscle aches, fever, and abdominal pain
Lab test for trichinosis
Creatine kinase (checks levels of muscle breakdown), or muscle biopsy
Trichinella spiralis treatment
Mebendazole, thiabenzadole, preventative measures
Enterobius vermicularis
Pinworm, unique in that it does NOT cause eosinophilia, often females lay eggs in anus at night causing itching in the evening, fecal oral or clothing food route
Diagnosis of enterobius vermicularis
Scotchtape test - on anus in the morning, tape to a slide and bring in to look for eggs
Wuchereria bancrofti
Cause of filarial fever, sequelae elephantitis, transmitted via mosquito, causes eosinophilia, resides in lymphatic system
Filarial fever
Lymphangitis intermittently
Filarial fever treatment
Diethylcarbmazine citrate - must be acquired via the CDC and reported and documented
Toxocara canis
Obtained from cats and dogs, predominant in children resulting in eosinophilia, hepatomegaly, hyperglobulinemia, pulmonary symptoms and fever
Toxocara canis treatment
Almost none, corticosteroids
