7th Science - Cells

Question 1

What enables us to see the tiny basic units of all living things?

Answer 1

microscope

Question 2

Robert Hooke saw the openings in cork and called them ________.

Answer 2

cells

Question 3

Matthias Schleiden and Theodor Schwann realized that plant and animal cells have _________ features.

Answer 3

similar

Question 4

The cell theory has three parts: All living things are made of __________ cells.

Answer 4

one or more

Question 5

The cell is the smallest unit of __________.

Answer 5

life

Question 6

All new cells come from ________ cells.

Answer 6

preexisting cells

Question 7

What form when many small molecules join?

Answer 7

macromolecules

Question 8

The main ingredient of any cell is ______________.

Answer 8

water

Question 9

The structure of a water molecule makes it ideal for __________________ many other substances.

Answer 9

dissolving

Question 10

Nucleic acids from when long chains of molecules called __________ join.

Answer 10

nucleotides

Question 11

Nucleic acids are important in cells because they contain ________________ information.

Answer 11

genetic

Question 12

The macromolecules that are necessary for nearly everything cells do are _____________.

Answer 12

proteins

Question 13

Proteins are long chains of _____________ molecules. Some proteins help break down __________ in food.

Answer 13

amino acid; nutrients

Question 14

A(n) _____________ is a large macromolecule that does not dissolve in water.

Answer 14

lipid

Question 15

Macromolecules that do not mix with water play an important role as protective __________ in cells.

Answer 15

barriers

Question 16

One sugar molecule, two sugar molecules, or long chains of sugar molecules make up ______

Answer 16

carbohydrates

Question 17

Carbohydrates store _______ and provide structural support. They also are used for ________ between cells.

Answer 17

energy; communication

Question 18

A cell is made of different ________ that work together and keep a cell alive.

Answer 18

structures

Question 19

The ________ is a flexible covering that protects the inside of a cell from the environment outside.

Answer 19

cell membrane

Question 20

A cell membrane is mostly made of phospholipids and __________.

Answer 20

proteins

Question 21

A(n) _______ is a stiff structure outside the cell membrane of some cells.

Answer 21

cell wall

Question 22

_________, fungal cells, and some types of bacteria have cell walls.

Answer 22

Plant cells

Question 23

Cell appendages are often used for _________.

Answer 23

movement

Question 24

Long, tall-like appendages called __________ whip back and forth and move a cell.

Answer 24

flagella

Question 25

___________ are short, hairlike structures that can move a cell or move molecules away from a cell.

Answer 25

cilia

Question 26

Most water in a cell is in the ________, a fluid that contains salts and other molecules.

Answer 26

cytoplasm

Question 27

The ________ is made of a network of threadlike proteins that are joined to form a framework inside a cell.

Answer 27

cytoskeleton

Question 28

With advanced microscopes, scientists discovered that all cells can be grouped into two types – prokaryotic and ___________

Answer 28

eukaryotic

Question 29

The most important feature of a(n) _________ cell is that the genetic material is not surrounded by a membrane.

Answer 29

prokaryotic

Question 30

Plants, _______, fungi, and proteins are made of one or more eukaryotic cells.

Answer 30

animals

Question 31

Every eukaryotic cell has membrane surrounded components, called ________, which have specialized functions.

Answer 31

organelles

Question 32

The ________ is the part of a eukaryotic cell that directs cell activities and contains genetic information stored in DNA.

Answer 32

nucleus

Question 33

Surrounding the nucleus are two membranes that form a structure called the nuclear _______.

Answer 33

envelope

Question 34

_________ are made in small structures called ribosomes.

Answer 34

proteins

Question 35

Ribosomes can be founded in a cell’s ________ or attached to a weblike organelle called the endoplasmic reticulum.

Answer 35

cytoplasm

Question 36

Energy is released during chemical reactions that occur in the ______.

Answer 36

mitochondria

Question 37

_________ is the fuel for cellular processes such as growth, cell division, and material transport.

Answer 37

ATP (adenosine triphosphate)

Question 38

Chloroplasts are membrane-bound organelles that use _________ energy and make glucose from water and carbon dioxide. This energy drives a process known as _________.

Answer 38

light; photosynthesis

Question 39

The Golgi apparatus prepares _______ and packages them into ball-like structures called _______.

Answer 39

proteins; vesicles

Question 40

________ are organelles that help recycle cellular components.

Answer 40

lysosomes

Question 41

Vacuoles are organelles that _________ food, water, and waste material.

Answer 41

store

Question 42

The four types of _______ in cells are nucleic acids, proteins, lipids, and carbohydrates.

Answer 42

macromolecules