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PSYC 223 > 8: Middle adulthood > Flashcards

8: Middle adulthood Flashcards

1
Q

explain physical changes in middle adulthood

A

decline in muscle strength in back and leg areas
- requires calcium rich diet and regular exercise

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2
Q

what is presbyopia

A

loss of near vison in middle adulthood due to aging

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3
Q

glaucoma

A

condition where pressure is generated in the eye due to excess ocular fluid

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4
Q

presbycusis

A

loss of ability to hear at high frequency sounds

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5
Q

osteoporosis

A

condition where bones become brittle and fragile due to lack of calcium

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6
Q

explain reaction time of middle adults

A

decline in speed of neural transmissions= slower responses

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7
Q

explain the middle aged nervous system

A

synapses is lost and cerebrospinal fluid increases in volume= cognitive decline

before decline= white matter peaks

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8
Q

what are benefits of exercise

A

slows the degenerations of muscle, nervous, and skeletal system.
Maintains blood pressure to prevent risk of heart attacks and stroke from circulatory system
psychological benefits is enhance in mood and reduction of stress

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9
Q

what affects does middle age have on male reproduction

A

reduces testosterone, reduced quality and volume of ejaculate, difficulty reaching erection

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10
Q

explain affects of middle age on female reproduction

A

thin and less elastic vaginal walls
shrinking of vaginal opening
egg quality declines

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11
Q

what are female climacterics

A

transition that marks end of child bearing years

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12
Q

menopause

A

cessation of mensuration
occurs early 40’s= drop in progesterone and estrogen

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13
Q

what is male climacterics

A

change in mans reproductive system in his 50’s
- drop in testosterone
- enlargement of prostate gland and erectile dysfunction= difficulty to urinate

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14
Q

physiological effects of stress

A
  • high BP
  • decrease immune system functioning
  • increase hormone activity
  • psychophysiological conditions
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15
Q

behavioural effects of stress

A
  • increase use of harmful substances
  • low nutrition and sleep
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16
Q

indirect related behaviours of stress

A
  • decreased compliance to medical advice
  • delays in seeking medical care
17
Q

type A behavior patters that affect cardiovascular disease

A

High ambition, multitasking and dynamic mood– higher risk to coronary disease

18
Q

type B behavior patters that affect cardiovascular disease

A

: Low aggression, non-competitiveness

19
Q

type D behavior patters that affect cardiovascular disease

A

Pessimistic outlook– higher risk to heart disease

20
Q

what is cancer, what are some treatments

A

Cells of the body don’t stop reproducing, giving rise to harmful tumours.

  • radiation therapy
  • chemotherapy
  • tumour removal surgery
21
Q

selective optimization

A

Process by which people concentrate
on particular skill area to
compensate for losses in other areas.

22
Q

expertise

A

Skill or knowledge acquired in a
particular area

23
Q

Episodic memory

A

Ability to recount personal
experiences in detail
- weaker with age but able to remember with cues

24
Q

semantic memory

A

General knowledge, word
meanings and factual
information stored

25
Q

memory schemas

A

Organized
mental framework to store in
memory.

26
Q

Normative-crisis theories

A

Approach to
development that is based on age-related
universal stages.

27
Q

Life events theories

A

Approach to personality
development that is based on particular events
rather than age

28
Q

Generativity vs Stagnation Stage

A

Stage in which people consider their contributions to family and society.

  • generative adults: offer guidance and encouragement
  • stagnation: lack of psychological growth; frustration
29
Q

Midlife Crisis or transition

A

A stage of uncertainty and indecision brought
about by the realization that life is finite

30
Q

Empty nest syndrome

A

Parent’s unhappiness and
worries relating to their children
moving out of the house

31
Q

Boomerang Children

A

Young adults who return home
to live with middle-aged parents

32
Q

Helicopter Parenting

A

Intrusively intervening in
children’s lives

33
Q

Sandwich generation

A

Individuals who need to take
care of their parents and
their children
- collectivist culture

34
Q

Cycle of violence
hypothesis

A

Those who faced abuse as
children tend to perpetuate that
behaviour

35
Q

Burnout

A

Situation where workers experience
dissatisfaction, frustration and weariness
from their jobs.

36
Q

what are Effects of termination

A
  • depression and anxiety
  • feeling unproductive
  • pessimism/ cynicism

PSYC 223 (6 decks)

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