8. Nervous System Flashcards
1
Q
2 divisions of the nervous system
A
CNS
PNS
2
Q
2 major parts of CNS
A
Brain
Spinal cord
3
Q
2 major divisions of the PNS
A
Sensory
Motor
4
Q
2 divisions of Motor part of PNS
A
🔹Autonomic
🔹Somatic
5
Q
Muscles under somatic (voluntary control)
A
Skeletal muscles
6
Q
Muscles under Autonomic nervous system
A
🔹Smooth and Cardiac muscles
🔹Glands and Visceral organs
7
Q
2 divisions of the Autonomic nervous system
A
🔹Sympathetic
🔹Parasympathetic
8
Q
“Fight or Flight”
A
Sympathetic
9
Q
“Rest and Digest”
A
Parasympathetic
10
Q
Matter in the OUTER part of BRAIN
A
Gray matter
“OB IS Gray”
11
Q
Matter in the INNER Brain
A
White matter
12
Q
Matter in the Outer Spinal cord
A
White matter
13
Q
Matter in the inner spinal cord
A
Gray matter
14
Q
Gray matter is made up of
A
Cell bodies
15
Q
White matter is made up of
A
Myelinated axons
16
Q
Embryonic structure from which the CEREBRUM develops prenatally
A
Telencephalon (Forebrain)
17
Q
Largest component of the brain
A
Cerebrum
18
Q
Part of Cerebrum that controls righ side of the body
A
Left hemisphere
19
Q
Part of cerebrum that controls left side of the body
A
Right hemisphere
20
Q
White matter that connects or separates the left and right hemispheres
A
Corpus callosum
21
Q
Condition when corpus callosum is damaged, left and right hemispheres are separated
A
Split brain
22
Q
Outer gray matter with gyrus, sulcus and fissures
A
Cerebral cortex
23
Q
Elevations in the brain
A
Gyrus
24
Q
Grooves in the brain
A
Sulcus
25
Deeper grooves in the brain
Fissures
26
4 lobes of the brain
Frontal
Parietal
Temporal
Occipital
27
Primary MOTOR cortex
| - responsible for almost all movements
Precentral gyrus (Frontal lobe)
28
Primary SPEECH area
Broca's area (Frontal lobe)
"Speech = Broadcast = Broca's"
29
Primary SENSORY cortex
| - responsible for somatic sensations
Postcentral gyrus
30
Speech comprehension
Wernicke's area (Temporal lobe)
31
Primary VISUAL cortex
Occipital lobe
32
What is damaged when a patient had stroke
Precentral gyrus in the Frontal lobe
33
Emotion center
Limbic system
34
4 divisions of the Limbic system
"BASH"
Basal ganglia
Amygdala
Substantia nigra
Hippocampus
35
Memory center
| - converts short term to Long term memory
Hippocampus
36
Almond shape
| - responsible for Fear, Anger, Arousal(active)
Amygdala
37
2 parts of limbic system responsible for Voluntary motor movements (inhibitory)
Basal ganglia
| Substantia nigra
38
Specific type of neurons that control muscles
Motor neurons
39
Any neuron that releases Ach
Cholinergic neuron (excitatory)
40
Neurons that use Ach as neurotransmitter
Excitatory neurons
41
Neurons that inhibits signals and uses dopamine as neurotansmitter
Inhibitory neurons
42
Neurons that secretes DOPAMINE
Dopaminergic neuron (inhibitory)
43
Inhibitory Neurotransmitter that is increased in number when sleeping = No action potential
Dopamine (inhibitory)
44
Degeneration of the Basal ganglia
Huntington's disease
45
Degeneration of the Substantia nigra
| - wherein excitatory neurons dominate resulting to involuntary muscular contractions
Parkinson's disease
46
Site of DOPAMINE PRODUCTION in the brain
Substancia nigra
47
Drug of choice for Parkinson's disease
Levodopa
48
Other drugs that can be used in treating Parkinson's disease
✔️Stimulants
✔️Mao-inhibitors
✔️Anticholinergic drugs
✔️Levodopa(DOC)
49
Common characteristic feature of Parkinson's and Huntington's disease which means involuntary muscular movements
Dyskinesia
50
Neurotransmitter that is decreased in patients with Parkinson's disease
⬇️Dopamine
51
Neurotransmitter that is increased in patients with Parkinson's disease
⬆️Ach (Excitatory neurons)
52
4 stimulants
"DoNES"
Dopamine
Norepinephrine
Epinephrine
Serotonin
53
Enzyme that breaks down DoNES
Monoamine oxidase
54
Mechanism of action of MAO-I
Inhibits MAO = ⬇️MAO
⬆️Dopamine
⬇️Dyskinesia
55
Dopamine
Motor:
Mood:
Dopamine
Motor: inhibitory
Mood: excitatory
56
Excitatory MOOD neurotransmitters
"DoNES"
Dopamine
Norepinephrine
Epinephrine
Serotonin
57
Most common INHIBITORY MOOD Neurotransmitter
Gamma-amino butyric acid (GABA)
58
Hyperactive neurotransmitter that is elevated
⬆️Dopamine (Depleted by MAO)
59
Condition assoc with ⬆️Dopamine; cant differentiate reality; split mind
Schizophrenia
60
Drug of choice for Schizophrenia to decrease level of dopamine
Antipsychotic drugs
61
Irreversible;
Involuntary muscle contractions in px with Schizophrenia; Side effect of antipsychotic drugs (⬇️Dopamine: Motor/inhibitory)
Tardive dyskinesia
62
Relay center of the brain
Thalamus
63
3 parts of Diencephalon
Thalamus
Hypothalamus
Epithalamus
64
Communicates with the Pituitary gland.
| Regulates hormones = Body homeostasis
Hypothalamus
65
Produces melatonin during night time
Pineal gland
66
Hormone that regulates sleep wake cycle
Melatonin
67
Other term for sleep wake cycle or 24 hr body clock
Circadian rhythm
68
True or False.
| Melatonin increases with age
False.
| Melatonin decreases with age
69
Hormone for sleep
Melatonin
| If wala sa choices = Serotonin
70
Sleep: function
Melatonin -
Serotonin -
Sleep: function
Melatonin - inhibitory
Serotonin - excitatory
71
Day time ☀️
Serotonin level:
Melatonin level:
Day time ☀️
Serotonin level: ⬆️
Melatonin level: ⬇️
72
Night time 🌙✨
Serotonin level:
Melatonin level:
Night time 🌙✨
Serotonin level: ⬇️ (converted by pineal gland)
Melatonin level: ⬇️
73
Major Vasoactive amines
Serotonin
| Histamine
74
Vasoactive amines (Opp function)
Serotonin:
Histamine:
Vasoactive amines (Opp function)
Serotonin: vasoCONSTRICTION
Histamine: vasoDILATION
75
Embryonic structure from which the Midbrain develops prenatally
Mesencephalon
76
What structures form the brain stem
Midbrain
Pons
Medulla oblongata
77
Cells that secrete HISTAMINE (4)
"BEMP"
Basophil
Eosinophil
Mast cells
Platelets
78
Part of Metencephalon responsible for MOTOR movements (excitatory) and BALANCE
Cerebellum
79
Part of brain affected when drunk
Cerebellum (balance)
80
Fluid in the inner ear responsible for BALANCE
Semicircular fluid
81
"Respiratory center"
| - sends signals to Medulla Oblongata to deflate lungs (Herring-Breuer reflex)
Pons Varolii
82
2 parts of Metencephalon
Cerebellum
| Pons
83
Embryonic structure from which the Medulla Oblongata develops prenatally
Myelencephalon
84
Medulla oblongata - major regulatory center for:
MEDULLA "Medal.. Dila.."
Nakatapat sa chest yung Medal:
- Heart rate
- Breathing rate
Gamit Dila:
- vomitig
- coughing
- swallowing
85
Chemoreceptors in the CNS specifically in the Medulla Oblongata that detects chemicals (Blood pH, H, CO2, and O2 changes)
Central chemoreceptors
86
Central chemoreceptors in the Medulla Oblongata that detects chemical changes are sensitive to: (4)
Acidic pH
High Hydrogen
Hypercapnia (⬆️CO2)
Hypoxia
87
Central chemoreceptors are most sensitive to
Hypercapnia = ⬆️CO2
88
Muscle for DEEP INHALATION
External intercostalis muscle
89
Most important muscle for respiration
Diaphragm
90
Shape of diaphragm
Dome shape
91
What innervates the Diaphragm
Phrenic nerve
92
When central chemoreceptors are stimulated, it activates:
Sympathetic effects:
- increase heart rate
- hyperventilation
Increase excretion of Hydrogen in the kidneys (urine = ⬆️H, ⬇️pH = acidic)
93
Reflex that prevents overinflation of the lungs; controlled by Pons-MO-Lungs
Herring-Breuer reflex
94
Where are the central chemoreceptors found
Medulla Oblngata
95
Where are the Peripheral Chemoreceptors found
Carotid body
| Aortic body
96
Receptors in the CNS that detects Pressure (blood pressure/pag sinakal)
Baroreceptors
97
Where are Barorecceptors found
"CSB"
"Carotid Sinus Baroreceptors"
and
Aortic sinus
98
Baroreceptors:
| Stimulus - HIGH BP Effects: (3)
```
Baroreceptors:
Stimulus - High BP Effects:
- decrease heart rate
- decrease force of contraction
- peripheral vasodilation
```
99
Baroreceptors:
| Stimulus - LOW BP Effects: (3)
```
Baroreceptors:
Stimulus - LOW BP Effects:
- increase heart rate
- increase force of contraction
- Peripheral vasoconstriction (⬆️ P. Resistance, ⬇️compliance)
```
100
Group of neuronal cell bodies inside the CNS
Nucleus
101
Bundle of Axons in the CNS
Tract
102
Shape of Gray matter
Butterfly or H shape
103
Gray matter of Spinal cord
Inner part of Spinal cord
*OB IS Gray*
104
Part of spinal cord that is responsible for passage of Motor neurons
Ventral (Anterior) Rami of spinat cord
105
Part of spinal cord for passage of sensory neurons
Dorsal (posterior) rami of spinal cord
106
Dorsal or posterior rami of spinal cord extends from
Medulla oblongata to L2 vertebra
107
Spinal cord terminates at what vertebra
L2
108
What is the Cone shape termination of spinal cord
Conus terminalis
109
Horsetail-like extensions of the spinal nerves below its termnal end
Cauda equina
| Tail - horse equinox
110
Spinal tap is done in what vertebra
L3
111
Mneumonic for rami of spinal cord and function
"SPAM"
Sensory
Posterior
Anterior
Motor
112
Muscles of mastication
T.I.M.E.
113
2 tracts in the spinal cord
Corticospinal tract
| Spinothalamic tract
114
Bundle of axons from spinal cord to cortex
Corticospinal tract
115
Bundle of axons from spinal cord to thalamus
Spinothalamic tract
116
Other name of corticospinal tract
Pyrimidal tract
117
Function of corticospinal tract
For motor
118
Function of spinothalamic tract
For sensory
119
Group of neuronal cell bodies outside the CNS
Ganglia or Ganglion
120
Group of neuronal cell bodies inside the CNS
Nucleus
121
Bundle of axons in PNS
Nerves
122
Bundle of axons in CNS
Tract
123
How many pairs of cranial nerves
12 pairs (24)
124
How many pairs of spinal cord
31 pairs (62)
125
Network of nerves
Plexuses
126
2 divisions of the Autonomic nervous system
🔹Parasympa
| 🔹Sympa
127
Parasympathetic nervous system is regulated mainly by
Acetylcholine
128
Rest and digest
Parasympathetic nervous system
129
Maintains homeostasis
Parasympathetic nervous system
130
Synonymous drugs that enhances the Parasympathetic nervous system
Cholinergic
Cholinomimetic
Parasympathomimetic
Anti-sympathetic
Anti-adrenergic
Sympatholytic
Anti-acetylcholinesterase or Anticholinesterase
131
Division of the Autonomic nervous system regulated mainly by norepinephrine
Sympathetic nervous system
132
Fight or flight
Sympathetic nervous system
133
Sympathetic nervous system is activated by what situations
Stress and emergency situations
134
Synonymous drugs that enhances the sympathetic nervous system
```
Adrenergic
Adrenomimetic
Sympathomimetic
Anti-parasympathetic
Anti-cholinergic
Parasympatholytic
```
135
Regulates amount of light
Eye pupil
136
Eye pupil
Symp:
Parasympa:
Eye pupil
Symp: pupilary dilation (MYDRIASIS)
Parasymp: constriction (MIOSIS)
137
During parasympathetic = ______ fluid secretion
Increase fluid secretion during parasympathetic
138
Pupillary dilation
Mydriasis
139
Pupillary constriction
Miosis
140
Lacrimal glands/Salivary glands/Nasal mucosa
Symp:
Parasymp:
Lacrimal glands/Salivary glands/Nasal mucosa
Symp: ⬇️tears/saliva/mucus
parasymp: ⬆️tears/saliva/mucus
141
Sympathetic:
Lungs -
Arteries -
Sympathetic:
Lungs - BronchoDILATION
Arteries - vasoCONSTRICTION
142
Parasympathetic:
Lungs -
Arteries -
Parasympathetic:
Lungs - BronchoCONSTRICTION
Arteries - VasoDILATION
143
LUNGS
Sympa:
Parasympa:
LUNGS
Sympa: bronchodilation
Parasympa: bronchoconstriction
144
ARTERIES
Sympa:
Parasymp:
ARTERIES
Sympa: Vasoconstriction
Parasymp: vasodilation
145
Chronotropic
Heart rate
146
Inotropic
Force of contraction
147
HEART
Sympa:
Parasymp:
HEART
Sympa: ⬆️chronotropic and inotropic
Parasymp: ⬇️heart rate and force of contraction
148
Other name for Adrenal glands
Suprarenal glands
149
Location of Adrenal glands
Superior portion of kidney
150
Cells of the adrenal medulla that secretes catecholamines
Chromaffin cells
151
Catecholamines secreted by the chromaffin cells of the adrenal medulla
Dopamine
Norepinephrine
Epinephrine
152
ADRENAL GLANDS (chromaffin cells)
Sympa:
Parasympa:
```
ADRENAL GLANDS (chromaffin cells)
Sympa: secretes dopamine, nrepinephrine, epinephrine
Parasympa: inhibits dopa, norepi, epi
```
153
GIT
Sympa:
Parasympa:
GIT
Sympa: decrease motility
Parasympa: increase motility (rest and digest)
154
STOMACH
Sympa:
Parasympa:
STOMACH
Sympa: decrease HCl secretion
Parasympa: increase HCl secretion
155
LIVER and SKELETAL MUSCLE
Sympa:
Parasympa:
LIVER and SKELETAL MUSCLE
Sympa: ⬆️Glycogenolysis (glucagon)
Parasympa: ⬆️Glycogenesis (insulin)
156
PANCREAS
Sympa:
Parasympa:
PANCREAS
Sympa: GLUCAGON production
Parasympa: INSULIN production
157
KIDNEY
Sympa:
Parasympa:
KIDNEY
Sympa: ⬇️urine output
Parasympa: ⬆️urine output
158
BLADDER
Sympa:
Parasympa:
BLADDER
Sympa: contraction of sphincter
Parasympa: relaxation of sphincter
159
SWEAT GLANDS
Sympa:
Parasympa:
SWEAT GLANDS
Sympa: ⬆️sweating
parasympa: doesn't affect! (exception to fluids)
160
GENITALS
Sympa:
Parasympa:
GENITALS
Sympa: ejaculation and vaginal contractions
Parasympa: erection of genitals
161
Neuron before a ganglion
Preganglionic neuron
162
Preganglionic neurons of Symp and Parasymp are also
Cholinergic neurons (Ach)
163
Preganglionic neurons secretes what neurotransmitter
Acetylcholine
164
Group of cell bodies in PNS
Ganglia or Ganglion
165
Type of receptors found in Post ganglionic neurons of Sympa and Parasympa
Nicotinic receptors
166
Post ganglionic neuron of PARASYMPATHETIC
Cholinergic neuron
167
Receptors found in ALL effector organs of PARASYMPATHETIC
Muscarinic receptors
168
2 possible receptors for Ach
Nicotinic
| Muscarinic
169
Where are nicotinic receptors located? (3)
Nicotinic receptors:
✔️All postganglionic neurons of Symp and Parasymp
✔️Skeletal muscles
✔️Chromaffin cells
170
Preganglionic neuron that has no ganglion (exception)
Preganglionic neuron of adrenal glands
171
Where are muscarinic receptors found? (2)
All effector organsa of parasympathetic sweat glands
172
Type of receptor found on all effector organs of SYMPATHETIC
Adrenergic receptor
173
Neurotransmitter that regulates parasympathetic nervous system
Acetylcholine
174
Neurotransmitter that regulates sympathetic nervous system
Norepinephrine
175
Postganglionic neuron os sympathetic secretes what neurotransmitter
Norepinephrine
176
Neurons that releases norepinephrine are aka
Adrenergic neuron
177
Adrenergic neuron of sympathetic
Postganglionic neuron
178
Sweat glands is sympathetic (exception)
| Postganglionic neuron is a
Cholinergic neuron (Ach)
179
Receptor found in sweat glands (sympa but exception)
Muscarinic receptor
180
Receptors found in chromaffin cells
Nicotinic receptors
181
Send signals to urinary bladder kaya naiihi ka pag kinakabahan
Pontine nucleus
182
Receptors for odor
Olfactory receptors
183
Part of nasal cavity where olfactory receptors are located
Superior meatus or SUPERIOR and POSTERIOR
184
Foramen of exit of CN 1 - Olfactory nerve
Cribriform plate of ethmoid bone
185
Mneumonic for CN and Function
OOO TTA FVG VAH
| Some say marry money but my brother says big boobs matter most
186
CN for sense of smell
CN 1 Olfactory n.
187
Foramen of exit of CN 2 - Optic nerve
Optic canal
188
2 structures that exits at the optic canal
```
Optic nerve
Opthalmic artery (from internal carotid artery)
```
189
CN for sense of sight
CN 2 - Optic n.
190
Photreceptors of the eye
Cones and Rods
191
Concentration of photoreceptors of the eye in relation to fovea centralis
Cones:
Rods:
⬆️Cones: closer to fovea centralis
| Rods: concentrated farther to fovea centralis
192
Photoreceptor that detects colors
Cones
193
Photopogment of cones
Opsin
194
Less sensitive to light (needs more light to function)
| High visual acquity
Cones
195
Concentrated in the fovea centralis of the Macula lutea
Cones
196
Contains greatest amount of cones
Fovea centralis
197
Yellowish area near the center of the retina that contains fovea centralis
Macula lutea
198
Photoreceptors that detects black to gray: for night vision
Rods
199
Photopigment of rods
Rhodopsin
200
Very sensitive to light and visual acquity
Rods
201
Concentrated away from the fovea centralis (in the periphery of the retina)
Rods
202
Basic part of the eye that concentrates light to the retina
Lens
203
Transparent portion infront of the eye
Cornea
204
Where image is formed
Retina
205
Gives color to the eyes
Iris
206
White portion of the eye
Sclera
207
Disease assoc with blue sclera
Osteogenesis imperfecta
208
Dilates (mydriasis) and constricts (miosis)
Pupil
209
Fluid on the AAAnterior part of the eye
Aqueous humor
210
Fluid on the posterior part of the eye
Vitreous humor
211
"Blind spot"
- where no cones or rods present
- point in retina where OPTIC NERVE enters towards the eye
Optic disc
212
What is OD
Oculus dexter - right eye
213
OS
Oculus sinister - left eye
214
OU
Oculus uterque - both eyes
215
AS
Auris sinister - left ear
216
AD
Auris dexter - right ear
217
AU
Auris uterque - both ears
218
Other terms for far sightedness
🔹Hyperopia
| 🔹Hypermetropia
219
Other term for near sightedness
Myopia
220
Underdeveloped VISUAL CORTEX; cannot be corrected by wearing glasses
Amblyopia aka Lazy eye
221
Tx for amblyopia/lazy eye
Eye patch in good eye
222
Foramen of exit of CN 3 - Oculomotor
Superior Orbital fissure
223
Cranial nerves that exits in the SOF
3/4/V1/6
224
Innervates most extrinsic muscles of the eye
Oculomotor nerve CN 3
225
Parasympathetic of the pupil and lacrimal glands (⬆️secretion)
Oculomotor nerve
226
Mneumonic for innervations of extrinsic muscles of the eye
SO4 LR6 R3
227
Foramen of exit of CN 4 - Trochlear nerve
SOF
228
Innervates superior oblique muscle
Trochlear nerve
229
Longest intracranial nerve
Trochlear nerve
230
Smallest cranial nerve
Trochlear nerve
231
Largest cranial nerve supplying the head and neck
Trigeminal nerve
232
3 division of trigeminal nerve - CN 5
Vi - Opthalmic
V2 - Maxillary
V3 - Mandibular
233
Innervates tip of nose
CN V1
234
Foramen of exit of V1
Superior Orbital Fissure
235
Foramen of exit of V2
Foramen Rotundum
"Ro2ndum"
236
Nerve of Scarpa
Nasopalatine nerve
237
In nasopalatine nerve block, what sides are blocked
Both sides
238
Nasopalatine nerve exits in the
Incisive foramen
239
Nasopalatine nerve innervates
✔️Palate from canine to canine
| ✔️Anterior 1/3 of hard palate (premaxilla)
240
Other name for greater palatine nerve
Anterior palatine nerve
241
Greater palatine nerve exits in
Greater palatine foramen
242
Greater palatine nerve innervates
Post 2/3 of hard palate
243
Side blocked in GPNB
Post 2/3 of the hard palate -on the side of injection
244
Posterior palatine nerve aka
Lesser palatine nerve
245
Exit of lesser or posterior palatine nerve
Lesser palatine foramen
246
What nerve innervates the soft palate
Lesser palatine nerve
247
Innervates Mx 2nd and 3rd molars and Distobuccal and Palatal roots of Mx 1st molar
PSAN
248
Most common complication assoc with PSANB
Hematoma
249
MSAN innervates
✔️Mx PM1 and PM2
| ✔️Mesiobuccal root of Mx 1st molar
250
Ganglion in MSAN + ASAN
Bochdalek's ganglion
251
Ganglion: MSAN + PSAN
Valentine's ganglion
252
Innervates mx canine and incisors
ASAN
253
Exit of infraorbital nerve
Infraorbital foramen
254
Innervates lower eyelid, upper lip, nasal vestibule, ASAN
Infraorbital nerve
255
Most common complication assoc with infraorbital nerve block
Ecchymosis
256
Reference point for infraorbital nerve block
1st PM or Distal of canine
257
Foramen of exit of V3
Foramen Ovale
258
Branch of Trigeminal nerve that is for both motor and sensory
V3
259
Motor branch of V3 that innervates the Temporalis
Deep temporal branch
260
Motor branch of V3 that innervates the internal pterygoid muscle
Medial pterygoid nerve
261
Motor branch of V3 that innervates the Masseter
Masseteric nerve
262
Motor branch of V3 that innervates the lateral pterygoid muscle
Lateral pterygoid nerve
263
Attached to MALLEUS; Regulates loudness of sound
Tensor tympani
264
What innervates the tensor tympani
V3
265
Exception to pharyngeal plexus; innervated by V3
Tensor veli palatini
266
Muscle in the floor of the mouth; difficulty in xray
Mylohyoid
267
Major muscle for mouth opening
Ant belly of digastric
268
Innervation of ant belly of digastric m.
V3
269
Innervation of Post belly of digastric m.
CN 7
270
Innervates buccal muccosa of mandibular molars
Long buccal nerve
271
Innervates anterior 2/3 of the tongue (general rule)
Lingual nerve
272
Innervates ant 2/3 of tongue (taste)
Facial nerve - chorda tympani
273
Innervates post 1/3 of tongue (general and taste)
Glossopharyngeal
274
Innervates base of tongue (gen and taste)
Vagus nerve
275
Terminal branch of IAN
Mental nerve
276
Innervates buccal and labial mucosa of pm and ant, chin, lower lip
Mental nerve
277
Branch of IAN that innervates anterior teeth
Incisive nerve
278
Innervates the TMJ and SCALP in temporal region
Auriculotemporal nerve
279
After administration of Mandiblock, px had bells palsy or facial paralysis, what is the possible cause
Wrong technique
| Must be contralateral side
280
Complication that can arise when you DID NOT ASPIRATE; anesth accumulates in the bloodstream
Toxicity
281
Initial sign of anesth toxicity
Anxiety
282
Management of syncope
Trendelenburg position
283
Caused by multiple needle insertions usually in the medial pterygoid muscle
Trismus (med pterygoid-spasm-limited mouth opening)
284
Nervous system outside the CNS
PNS
285
4 sensory branches of CN V3
🔹Long buccal nerve
🔹Lingual nerve
🔹IAN - mental/incisive nerve
🔹Auriculotemporal nerve
286
4 motor branches of CN V3
TIME muscles
287
4 other muscles that is innervated by CN V3
🔹Tensor tympani
🔹Tensor veli palatini
🔹Mylohyoid
🔹Ant belly of digastric
288
Innervates the buccal mucosa of mandibular molars
Long buccal nerve
289
Anterior /3 of tongue (general)
Lingual nerve
290
Anterior 2/3 of tongue (taste)
Chorda tympani of Facial nerve (CN VII)
291
Posterior 1/3 of tongue (general and taste)
CN IX - Glossopharyngeal
292
Base of tongue (general and taste)
CN X - Vagus nerve
293
Terminal branch of IAN
🔹Mental nerve (go for this✨)
| 🔹Incisive nerve
294
Innervates the lower anterior teeth
Incisive nerve
295
Exit of nasopalatine nerve or "Nerve of Scarpa"
Incisive foramen
296
Innervates the TMJ and Scalp
Auriculotemporal nerve
297
Syndrome associated with STURGE-WEBER Syndrome (Path of CN V - birthmark)
Portwine stain
298
Other name for Sturge-Weber syndrome
Encephalogeminal Angiomatosis
299
Is a rare congenital neurological and skin disorder. It is one of the phakomatoses and is often assoc with portwine stains of the face, glaucoma, seizures, mental retardation, and ipsilateral leptomeningeal angioma
Sturge-Weber syndrome (Encephalotrigeminal angiomatosis)
300
Foramen of exit of Abducens nerve (CN VI)
SOF
301
What muscle is innervated by CN VI
Lateral rectus of the eye
302
Foramen exit of Facial nerve
Stylomastoid foramen
303
Control scalp muscles around ear
Auricular nerve (Facial nerve)
304
Innervates the Posterior belly of Digastric
Facial nerve
305
5 major branches in Parotid gland (Facial nerve)
"The Zebra Bump My Car"
```
Temporal
Zygomatic
Buccal
Mandibular
Cervical
```
306
What innervates the Parotid gland
CN IX - Glossopharyngeal nerve
307
Parasympathetic innervation of Facial nerve (Chroda tympani)
Submandibular and sublingual gland
308
3 other names for CN VIII
🔹Vestibulocochlear nerve
🔹Acoustic nerve
🔹Auditory nerve
309
Foramen of exit of CN VIII - Vestibulocochlear nerve
Internal acoustic meatus
310
Nerve for sense of Hearing
Vestibulocochlear nerve
311
3 parts of the outer ear
🔹Auricle
🔹Ear canal
🔹Tympanic membrane/Eardrum
312
Examples of Elastic Cartilages
🔹Pinna/Auricle
🔹Epiglottis
🔹Eustachian tube
313
What is found in the middle ear
🔹Auditory Ossicles
| 🔹Eustachian tube
314
What structures are found in the inner ear
🔹Cochlea
| 🔹Semicircular canals
315
Receptor organ for hearing
Organ of corti
316
Sensory receptors for hearing
"Hair-ing"
Hair cells
317
Contains semicircular fluids for balance
Semicircular canals
318
Foramen of exit of CN IX - Glossopharyngeal nerve
Jugular foramen
319
Nerves that exits in the Jugular foramen
IX - Glossopharyngeal
X - vagus
X - Spinal accessory nerve
320
Parasympathetic innervation of Glossopharyngeal nerve
Parotid gland
321
General and taste sensation of Posterior 1/3 of the tongue
Glssopharyngeal (CN IX)
322
Nerves involved in the Pharyngeal plexus
IX
X
XI
323
Innervates all muscles of Palate and Pharynx
Pharyngeal plexus
324
2 exceptions of Pharyngeal plexus
🔹Tensor veli palatini (V3)
| 🔹Stylopharyngeus (IX)
325
Innervates the superior pharyngeal constrictor
Pharyngeal plexus
326
Foramen of exit of CN X - Vagus nerve
Jugular foramen
327
Vagus nerve has parasympathetic innervation of what organs
```
🔹Heart
🔹Lungs
🔹Digestive tract (stomach, intestines)
🔹Kidney
🔹Liver
```
328
If you cut the vagus nerve, what happens to the heart's function
Increase force of contraction and heart rate
329
Parasympathetic innervation of vagus nerve to heart =
Decrease force of contraction and heart rate
"VAGUS ang nag papaVAGAL ng heart"
330
Once you cut the vagus nerve, digestive tract =
Slow or decreased digestion
| kasi parasympathetic func sa stomach is increased digestion = rest and digest
331
Gag reflex - motor func
Vagus nerve - CN X
332
Gag reflex - sensory
Glossopharyngeal - CN IX
333
Base of the tongue: general and taste sensation
Vagus nerve
334
The nerve that ENTERS and EXITS the skull
Spinal accessory nerve (XI)
335
Where does the CN XI enter?
Foramen magnum
336
Where does the CN XI exit?
Jugular foramen
337
Muscles that are innervated by CN XI
🔹Trapezius
| 🔹Sternocleidomastoid
338
Dse assoc with sternocleidomastoid
Torticollis aka "Wry neck"
339
Sternocleido mastoid rotates chin towards what side
Opposite side of the body
340
Foramen of exit of Hypoglossal nerve
Hypoglossal canal
| May sariling canal si bakla
341
Innervates extrinsic muscles of tongue except Palatoglossus
Hypoglossal nerve
342
Extrinsic muscles innervated by Hypoglossal nerve
Genioglossus
Styloglossus
Hyoglossus
343
Palatoglossus is innervated by
Pharyngeal plexus (IX, X, XI)
344
Moves tongue inferiorly and anteriorly
Genioglossus
345
Move tongue inferiorly
Hyoglossus
346
Moves tongue superiorly and posteriorly
Styloglossus
347
Moves tongue superiorly towards palate and moves palate inferiorly towards tongue
Palatoglossus
348
Longest intracranial nerve
Trochlear nerve CN IV
349
Largest nerve supplying HEAD and NECK
Trigeminal nerve CN V
350
What is neuralgia in CN V (trigeminal)
Tic Douloureux
351
DOC for Tic Douloureux aka Trigeminal neuralgia
Tegretol (Carbamazepine)
352
Largest cranial nerve supplying the Human Body
CN X - Vagus nerve
353
Largest nerve in the human body
Sciatic nerve
354
What is the Wandering nerve
CN X - Vagus nerve
355
What innervates the Parotid gland
CN IX - Glossopharyngeal nerve
356
What innervates the submandibular and sublingual glands
CN VII - Chorda tympani
357
What cranial nerve assoc with Chorda tympani
CN VII - Facial nerve
358
What cranial nerves with Parasympathetic innervation
Parasympathetic:
III - Pupil: Miosis = Pupillary constriction
VII - Subli/Submd = increase saliva secretion
IX - Parotid = increase saliva
X - Heart = decrease rate
GIT = increase metabolism
359
What are the Vit K-dependent clotting factors produced by the Liver
CF II - Prothrombin
VII - Stable factor
IX - Christmas factor
X - Stuart factor
360
CF 1
Fibrinogen
361
CF 2
Prothrombin
362
CF 3
Thromboplastin (Tissue factor)
363
CF 4
Calcium
364
CF 5
Labile factor
365
CF 7
Stable factor
366
CF 8
Antihemophilic factor
367
CF 10
Stuart factor
368
CF 11
Plasmathromboplastin Antecedent
369
CF 12
Hagemann factor
370
CF 13
Fibrin stabilizing factor
371
Clotting factor deficient in Hemophilia A
CF 8 - Antihemophilic factor (8 - A - Anti)
372
Deficient in Hemophilia B
CF 9 - Christmas factor
373
Deficient in Hemophilia C
CF 11 - Plasma thromboplastin antecedent
374
Most important clotting factor
CF 8 - Antihemohilic factor
375
Cloting time
8 to 15 minutes
376
Bleeding time
1 to 3 mins
377
Bleeding is possible to stop even without blood clot because of
Platelet plug
378
2 components of blood clot
Platelets and Fibrin
379
Meshlike structure
Fibrin
380
Electrolyte important for blot clotting
Calcium
381
2 pathways in coagulation cascade
Intrinsic and extrinsic pathways
382
Pathway wherein body is capable of forming blood clot without exposure to external environment
Intrinsic pathway
383
Pathway in formation of blood clot wherein body is exposed to external environment
Extrinsic pathway
384
Common factor of INTRINSIC and EXTRINSIC pathway
CF 10 - Stuart factor
385
What are attached to CF 10
"CaVX"
Calcium
CF V - Labile factor
386
Precursor of Fibrin
Fibrinogen
387
Best to form blot clot: for clotting factors to meet
Pressure pack
388
CaVX waits for
Prothrombin
389
Converts Prothrombin to Thrombin
Ca V X
390
Precursor of Thrombin
Prothrombin (II)
391
Liver produces what clotting factor that is also the precursor of fibrin
Fibrinogen (I)
392
Thrombin waits for what clotting factor to produce Fibrin (XIII)
CF 1 - Fibrinogen
393
In hemophelia:
Problem?
Clotting time =
Bleeding time =
✔️Clotting time increased
| ✔️Normal bleeding time
394
Lab test that measures how fast can the EXTRINSIC pathway activate Factor 10 (stuart factor)
"PeT"
Prothrombin time
395
Normal PT (Prothrombin time)
PT = 9 to 13s
396
Lab test that measures how fast can INTRINSIC pathway activate Factor X
Partial prothrombin time ("PTiT")
397
Normal PTT (Partial thromboplastin time)
PTT = 25 to 35s
398
Normal bleeding time
1-3s
| *boards = 2-3s*
399
Normal platelet count
150,000-450,000 cells/mL
400
Normal RBC count
5M cells/mL
401
Life span of platelets
10 days
402
Most numerous papillae
Filiform
403
Only papillae without taste buds
Filiform
404
Mushroom or fungus shape. Loc at the TIPS and SIDES of tongue
Fungiform
405
Found posterolaterally of tongue
Foliate
406
✔️Found in V shape sulcus of tongue.
✔️Largest
✔️Least numerous papillae
Circumvallate
407
What is neuralgia in CN V (trigeminal)
Tic Douloureux
408
DOC for Tic Douloureux aka Trigeminal neuralgia
Tegretol (Carbamazepine)
409
Largest cranial nerve supplying the Human Body
CN X - Vagus nerve
410
Largest nerve in the human body
Sciatic nerve
411
What is the Wandering nerve
CN X - Vagus nerve
412
What innervates the Parotid gland
CN IX - Glossopharyngeal nerve
413
What innervates the submandibular and sublingual glands
CN VII - Chorda tympani
414
What cranial nerve assoc with Chorda tympani
CN VII - Facial nerve
415
What cranial nerves with Parasympathetic innervation
Parasympathetic:
III - Pupil: Miosis = Pupillary constriction
VII - Subli/Submd = increase saliva secretion
IX - Parotid = increase saliva
X - Heart = decrease rate
GIT = increase metabolism
416
What are the Vit K-dependent clotting factors produced by the Liver
CF II - Prothrombin
VII - Stable factor
IX - Christmas factor
X - Stuart factor
417
CF 1
Fibrinogen
418
CF 2
Prothrombin
419
CF 3
Thromboplastin (Tissue factor)
420
CF 4
Calcium
421
CF 5
Labile factor
422
CF 7
Stable factor
423
CF 8
Antihemophilic factor
424
CF 10
Stuart factor
425
CF 11
Plasmathromboplastin Antecedent
426
CF 12
Hagemann factor
427
CF 13
Fibrin stabilizing factor
428
Clotting factor deficient in Hemophilia A
CF 8 - Antihemophilic factor (8 - A - Anti)
429
Deficient in Hemophilia B
CF 9 - Christmas factor
430
Deficient in Hemophilia C
CF 11 - Plasma thromboplastin antecedent
431
Most important clotting factor
CF 8 - Antihemohilic factor
432
Cloting time
8 to 15 minutes
433
Bleeding time
1 to 3 mins
434
Bleeding is possible to stop even without blood clot because of
Platelet plug
435
2 components of blood clot
Platelets and Fibrin
436
Meshlike structure
Fibrin
437
Electrolyte important for blot clotting
Calcium
438
2 pathways in coagulation cascade
Intrinsic and extrinsic pathways
439
Pathway wherein body is capable of forming blood clot without exposure to external environment
Intrinsic pathway
440
Pathway in formation of blood clot wherein body is exposed to external environment
Extrinsic pathway
441
Common factor of INTRINSIC and EXTRINSIC pathway
CF 10 - Stuart factor
442
What are attached to CF 10
"CaVX"
Calcium
CF V - Labile factor
443
Precursor of Fibrin
Fibrinogen
444
Best to form blot clot: for clotting factors to meet
Pressure pack
445
CaVX waits for
Prothrombin
446
Converts Prothrombin to Thrombin
Ca V X
447
Precursor of Thrombin
Prothrombin (II)
448
Liver produces what clotting factor that is also the precursor of fibrin
Fibrinogen (I)
449
Thrombin waits for what clotting factor to produce Fibrin (XIII)
CF 1 - Fibrinogen
450
In hemophelia:
Problem?
Clotting time =
Bleeding time =
✔️Clotting time increased
| ✔️Normal bleeding time
451
Lab test that measures how fast can the EXTRINSIC pathway activate Factor 10 (stuart factor)
"PeT"
Prothrombin time
452
Normal PT (Prothrombin time)
PT = 9 to 13s
453
Lab test that measures how fast can INTRINSIC pathway activate Factor X
Partial prothrombin time ("PTiT")
454
Normal PTT (Partial thromboplastin time)
PTT = 25 to 35s
455
Normal bleeding time
1-3s
| *boards = 2-3s*
456
Normal platelet count
150,000-450,000 cells/mL
457
Normal RBC count
5M cells/mL
458
Life span of platelets
10 days
459
Most numerous papillae
Filiform
460
Only papillae without taste buds
Filiform
461
Mushroom or fungus shape. Loc at the TIPS and SIDES of tongue
Fungiform
462
Found posterolaterally of tongue
Foliate
463
✔️Found in V shape sulcus of tongue.
✔️Largest
✔️Least numerous papillae
Circumvallate
464
4 sensory branches of CN V3
🔹Long buccal nerve
🔹Lingual nerve
🔹IAN - mental/incisive nerve
🔹Auriculotemporal nerve
465
4 motor branches of CN V3
TIME muscles
466
4 other muscles that is innervated by CN V3
🔹Tensor tympani
🔹Tensor veli palatini
🔹Mylohyoid
🔹Ant belly of digastric
467
Innervates the buccal mucosa of mandibular molars
Long buccal nerve
468
Anterior /3 of tongue (general)
Lingual nerve
469
Anterior 2/3 of tongue (taste)
Chorda tympani of Facial nerve (CN VII)
470
Posterior 1/3 of tongue (general and taste)
CN IX - Glossopharyngeal
471
Base of tongue (general and taste)
CN X - Vagus nerve
472
Terminal branch of IAN
🔹Mental nerve (go for this✨)
| 🔹Incisive nerve
473
Innervates the lower anterior teeth
Incisive nerve
474
Exit of nasopalatine nerve or "Nerve of Scarpa"
Incisive foramen
475
Innervates the TMJ and Scalp
Auriculotemporal nerve
476
Syndrome associated with STURGE-WEBER Syndrome (Path of CN V - birthmark)
Portwine stain
477
Other name for Sturge-Weber syndrome
Encephalogeminal Angiomatosis
478
Is a rare congenital neurological and skin disorder. It is one of the phakomatoses and is often assoc with portwine stains of the face, glaucoma, seizures, mental retardation, and ipsilateral leptomeningeal angioma
Sturge-Weber syndrome (Encephalotrigeminal angiomatosis)
479
Foramen of exit of Abducens nerve (CN VI)
SOF
480
What muscle is innervated by CN VI
Lateral rectus of the eye
481
Foramen exit of Facial nerve
Stylomastoid foramen
482
Control scalp muscles around ear
Auricular nerve (Facial nerve)
483
Innervates the Posterior belly of Digastric
Facial nerve
484
5 major branches in Parotid gland (Facial nerve)
"The Zebra Bump My Car"
```
Temporal
Zygomatic
Buccal
Mandibular
Cervical
```
485
What innervates the Parotid gland
CN IX - Glossopharyngeal nerve
486
Parasympathetic innervation of Facial nerve (Chroda tympani)
Submandibular and sublingual gland
487
3 other names for CN VIII
🔹Vestibulocochlear nerve
🔹Acoustic nerve
🔹Auditory nerve
488
Foramen of exit of CN VIII - Vestibulocochlear nerve
Internal acoustic meatus
489
Nerve for sense of Hearing
Vestibulocochlear nerve
490
3 parts of the outer ear
🔹Auricle
🔹Ear canal
🔹Tympanic membrane/Eardrum
491
Examples of Elastic Cartilages
🔹Pinna/Auricle
🔹Epiglottis
🔹Eustachian tube
492
What is found in the middle ear
🔹Auditory Ossicles
| 🔹Eustachian tube
493
What structures are found in the inner ear
🔹Cochlea
| 🔹Semicircular canals
494
Receptor organ for hearing
Organ of corti
495
Sensory receptors for hearing
"Hair-ing"
Hair cells
496
Contains semicircular fluids for balance
Semicircular canals
497
Foramen of exit of CN IX - Glossopharyngeal nerve
Jugular foramen
498
Nerves that exits in the Jugular foramen
IX - Glossopharyngeal
X - vagus
X - Spinal accessory nerve
499
Parasympathetic innervation of Glossopharyngeal nerve
Parotid gland
500
General and taste sensation of Posterior 1/3 of the tongue
Glssopharyngeal (CN IX)
501
Nerves involved in the Pharyngeal plexus
IX
X
XI
502
Innervates all muscles of Palate and Pharynx
Pharyngeal plexus
503
2 exceptions of Pharyngeal plexus
🔹Tensor veli palatini (V3)
| 🔹Stylopharyngeus (IX)
504
Innervates the superior pharyngeal constrictor
Pharyngeal plexus
505
Foramen of exit of CN X - Vagus nerve
Jugular foramen
506
Vagus nerve has parasympathetic innervation of what organs
```
🔹Heart
🔹Lungs
🔹Digestive tract (stomach, intestines)
🔹Kidney
🔹Liver
```
507
If you cut the vagus nerve, what happens to the heart's function
Increase force of contraction and heart rate
508
Parasympathetic innervation of vagus nerve to heart =
Decrease force of contraction and heart rate
"VAGUS ang nag papaVAGAL ng heart"
509
Once you cut the vagus nerve, digestive tract =
Slow or decreased digestion
| kasi parasympathetic func sa stomach is increased digestion = rest and digest
510
Gag reflex - motor func
Vagus nerve - CN X
511
Gag reflex - sensory
Glossopharyngeal - CN IX
512
Base of the tongue: general and taste sensation
Vagus nerve
513
The nerve that ENTERS and EXITS the skull
Spinal accessory nerve (XI)
514
Where does the CN XI enter?
Foramen magnum
515
Where does the CN XI exit?
Jugular foramen
516
Muscles that are innervated by CN XI
🔹Trapezius
| 🔹Sternocleidomastoid
517
Dse assoc with sternocleidomastoid
Torticollis aka "Wry neck"
518
Sternocleido mastoid rotates chin towards what side
Opposite side of the body
519
Foramen of exit of Hypoglossal nerve
Hypoglossal canal
| May sariling canal si bakla
520
Innervates extrinsic muscles of tongue except Palatoglossus
Hypoglossal nerve
521
Extrinsic muscles innervated by Hypoglossal nerve
Genioglossus
Styloglossus
Hyoglossus
522
Palatoglossus is innervated by
Pharyngeal plexus (IX, X, XI)
523
Moves tongue inferiorly and anteriorly
Genioglossus
524
Move tongue inferiorly
Hyoglossus
525
Moves tongue superiorly and posteriorly
Styloglossus
526
Moves tongue superiorly towards palate and moves palate inferiorly towards tongue
Palatoglossus
527
Longest intracranial nerve
Trochlear nerve CN IV
528
Largest nerve supplying HEAD and NECK
Trigeminal nerve CN V
529
What is neuralgia in CN V (trigeminal)
Tic Douloureux
530
DOC for Tic Douloureux aka Trigeminal neuralgia
Tegretol (Carbamazepine)
531
Largest cranial nerve supplying the Human Body
CN X - Vagus nerve
532
Largest nerve in the human body
Sciatic nerve
533
What is the Wandering nerve
CN X - Vagus nerve
534
What innervates the Parotid gland
CN IX - Glossopharyngeal nerve
535
What innervates the submandibular and sublingual glands
CN VII - Chorda tympani
536
What cranial nerve assoc with Chorda tympani
CN VII - Facial nerve
537
What cranial nerves with Parasympathetic innervation
Parasympathetic:
III - Pupil: Miosis = Pupillary constriction
VII - Subli/Submd = increase saliva secretion
IX - Parotid = increase saliva
X - Heart = decrease rate
GIT = increase metabolism
538
What are the Vit K-dependent clotting factors produced by the Liver
CF II - Prothrombin
VII - Stable factor
IX - Christmas factor
X - Stuart factor
539
CF 1
Fibrinogen
540
CF 2
Prothrombin
541
CF 3
Thromboplastin (Tissue factor)
542
CF 4
Calcium
543
CF 5
Labile factor
544
CF 7
Stable factor
545
CF 8
Antihemophilic factor
546
CF 10
Stuart factor
547
CF 11
Plasmathromboplastin Antecedent
548
CF 12
Hagemann factor
549
CF 13
Fibrin stabilizing factor
550
Clotting factor deficient in Hemophilia A
CF 8 - Antihemophilic factor (8 - A - Anti)
551
Deficient in Hemophilia B
CF 9 - Christmas factor
552
Deficient in Hemophilia C
CF 11 - Plasma thromboplastin antecedent
553
Most important clotting factor
CF 8 - Antihemohilic factor
554
Cloting time
8 to 15 minutes
555
Bleeding time
1 to 3 mins
556
Bleeding is possible to stop even without blood clot because of
Platelet plug
557
2 components of blood clot
Platelets and Fibrin
558
Meshlike structure
Fibrin
559
Electrolyte important for blot clotting
Calcium
560
2 pathways in coagulation cascade
Intrinsic and extrinsic pathways
561
Pathway wherein body is capable of forming blood clot without exposure to external environment
Intrinsic pathway
562
Pathway in formation of blood clot wherein body is exposed to external environment
Extrinsic pathway
563
Common factor of INTRINSIC and EXTRINSIC pathway
CF 10 - Stuart factor
564
What are attached to CF 10
"CaVX"
Calcium
CF V - Labile factor
565
Precursor of Fibrin
Fibrinogen
566
Best to form blot clot: for clotting factors to meet
Pressure pack
567
CaVX waits for
Prothrombin
568
Converts Prothrombin to Thrombin
Ca V X
569
Precursor of Thrombin
Prothrombin (II)
570
Liver produces what clotting factor that is also the precursor of fibrin
Fibrinogen (I)
571
Thrombin waits for what clotting factor to produce Fibrin (XIII)
CF 1 - Fibrinogen
572
In hemophelia:
Problem?
Clotting time =
Bleeding time =
✔️Clotting time increased
| ✔️Normal bleeding time
573
Lab test that measures how fast can the EXTRINSIC pathway activate Factor 10 (stuart factor)
"PeT"
Prothrombin time
574
Normal PT (Prothrombin time)
PT = 9 to 13s
575
Lab test that measures how fast can INTRINSIC pathway activate Factor X
Partial prothrombin time ("PTiT")
576
Normal PTT (Partial thromboplastin time)
PTT = 25 to 35s
577
Normal bleeding time
1-3s
| *boards = 2-3s*
578
Normal platelet count
150,000-450,000 cells/mL
579
Normal RBC count
5M cells/mL
580
Life span of platelets
10 days
581
Most numerous papillae
Filiform
582
Only papillae without taste buds
Filiform
583
Mushroom or fungus shape. Loc at the TIPS and SIDES of tongue
Fungiform
584
Found posterolaterally of tongue
Foliate
585
✔️Found in V shape sulcus of tongue.
✔️Largest
✔️Least numerous papillae
Circumvallate
586
4 sensory branches of CN V3
🔹Long buccal nerve
🔹Lingual nerve
🔹IAN - mental/incisive nerve
🔹Auriculotemporal nerve
587
4 motor branches of CN V3
TIME muscles
588
4 other muscles that is innervated by CN V3
🔹Tensor tympani
🔹Tensor veli palatini
🔹Mylohyoid
🔹Ant belly of digastric
589
Innervates the buccal mucosa of mandibular molars
Long buccal nerve
590
Anterior /3 of tongue (general)
Lingual nerve
591
Anterior 2/3 of tongue (taste)
Chorda tympani of Facial nerve (CN VII)
592
Posterior 1/3 of tongue (general and taste)
CN IX - Glossopharyngeal
593
Base of tongue (general and taste)
CN X - Vagus nerve
594
Terminal branch of IAN
🔹Mental nerve (go for this✨)
| 🔹Incisive nerve
595
Innervates the lower anterior teeth
Incisive nerve
596
Exit of nasopalatine nerve or "Nerve of Scarpa"
Incisive foramen
597
Innervates the TMJ and Scalp
Auriculotemporal nerve
598
Syndrome associated with STURGE-WEBER Syndrome (Path of CN V - birthmark)
Portwine stain
599
Other name for Sturge-Weber syndrome
Encephalogeminal Angiomatosis
600
Is a rare congenital neurological and skin disorder. It is one of the phakomatoses and is often assoc with portwine stains of the face, glaucoma, seizures, mental retardation, and ipsilateral leptomeningeal angioma
Sturge-Weber syndrome (Encephalotrigeminal angiomatosis)
601
Foramen of exit of Abducens nerve (CN VI)
SOF
602
What muscle is innervated by CN VI
Lateral rectus of the eye
603
Foramen exit of Facial nerve
Stylomastoid foramen
604
Control scalp muscles around ear
Auricular nerve (Facial nerve)
605
Innervates the Posterior belly of Digastric
Facial nerve
606
5 major branches in Parotid gland (Facial nerve)
"The Zebra Bump My Car"
```
Temporal
Zygomatic
Buccal
Mandibular
Cervical
```
607
What innervates the Parotid gland
CN IX - Glossopharyngeal nerve
608
Parasympathetic innervation of Facial nerve (Chroda tympani)
Submandibular and sublingual gland
609
3 other names for CN VIII
🔹Vestibulocochlear nerve
🔹Acoustic nerve
🔹Auditory nerve
610
Foramen of exit of CN VIII - Vestibulocochlear nerve
Internal acoustic meatus
611
Nerve for sense of Hearing
Vestibulocochlear nerve
612
3 parts of the outer ear
🔹Auricle
🔹Ear canal
🔹Tympanic membrane/Eardrum
613
Examples of Elastic Cartilages
🔹Pinna/Auricle
🔹Epiglottis
🔹Eustachian tube
614
What is found in the middle ear
🔹Auditory Ossicles
| 🔹Eustachian tube
615
What structures are found in the inner ear
🔹Cochlea
| 🔹Semicircular canals
616
Receptor organ for hearing
Organ of corti
617
Sensory receptors for hearing
"Hair-ing"
Hair cells
618
Contains semicircular fluids for balance
Semicircular canals
619
Foramen of exit of CN IX - Glossopharyngeal nerve
Jugular foramen
620
Nerves that exits in the Jugular foramen
IX - Glossopharyngeal
X - vagus
X - Spinal accessory nerve
621
Parasympathetic innervation of Glossopharyngeal nerve
Parotid gland
622
General and taste sensation of Posterior 1/3 of the tongue
Glssopharyngeal (CN IX)
623
Nerves involved in the Pharyngeal plexus
IX
X
XI
624
Innervates all muscles of Palate and Pharynx
Pharyngeal plexus
625
2 exceptions of Pharyngeal plexus
🔹Tensor veli palatini (V3)
| 🔹Stylopharyngeus (IX)
626
Innervates the superior pharyngeal constrictor
Pharyngeal plexus
627
Foramen of exit of CN X - Vagus nerve
Jugular foramen
628
Vagus nerve has parasympathetic innervation of what organs
```
🔹Heart
🔹Lungs
🔹Digestive tract (stomach, intestines)
🔹Kidney
🔹Liver
```
629
If you cut the vagus nerve, what happens to the heart's function
Increase force of contraction and heart rate
630
Parasympathetic innervation of vagus nerve to heart =
Decrease force of contraction and heart rate
"VAGUS ang nag papaVAGAL ng heart"
631
Once you cut the vagus nerve, digestive tract =
Slow or decreased digestion
| kasi parasympathetic func sa stomach is increased digestion = rest and digest
632
Gag reflex - motor func
Vagus nerve - CN X
633
Gag reflex - sensory
Glossopharyngeal - CN IX
634
Base of the tongue: general and taste sensation
Vagus nerve
635
The nerve that ENTERS and EXITS the skull
Spinal accessory nerve (XI)
636
Where does the CN XI enter?
Foramen magnum
637
Where does the CN XI exit?
Jugular foramen
638
Muscles that are innervated by CN XI
🔹Trapezius
| 🔹Sternocleidomastoid
639
Dse assoc with sternocleidomastoid
Torticollis aka "Wry neck"
640
Sternocleido mastoid rotates chin towards what side
Opposite side of the body
641
Foramen of exit of Hypoglossal nerve
Hypoglossal canal
| May sariling canal si bakla
642
Innervates extrinsic muscles of tongue except Palatoglossus
Hypoglossal nerve
643
Extrinsic muscles innervated by Hypoglossal nerve
Genioglossus
Styloglossus
Hyoglossus
644
Palatoglossus is innervated by
Pharyngeal plexus (IX, X, XI)
645
Moves tongue inferiorly and anteriorly
Genioglossus
646
Move tongue inferiorly
Hyoglossus
647
Moves tongue superiorly and posteriorly
Styloglossus
648
Moves tongue superiorly towards palate and moves palate inferiorly towards tongue
Palatoglossus
649
Longest intracranial nerve
Trochlear nerve CN IV
650
Largest nerve supplying HEAD and NECK
Trigeminal nerve CN V
651
What is neuralgia in CN V (trigeminal)
Tic Douloureux
652
DOC for Tic Douloureux aka Trigeminal neuralgia
Tegretol (Carbamazepine)
653
Largest cranial nerve supplying the Human Body
CN X - Vagus nerve
654
Largest nerve in the human body
Sciatic nerve
655
What is the Wandering nerve
CN X - Vagus nerve
656
What innervates the Parotid gland
CN IX - Glossopharyngeal nerve
657
What innervates the submandibular and sublingual glands
CN VII - Chorda tympani
658
What cranial nerve assoc with Chorda tympani
CN VII - Facial nerve
659
What cranial nerves with Parasympathetic innervation
Parasympathetic:
III - Pupil: Miosis = Pupillary constriction
VII - Subli/Submd = increase saliva secretion
IX - Parotid = increase saliva
X - Heart = decrease rate
GIT = increase metabolism
660
What are the Vit K-dependent clotting factors produced by the Liver
CF II - Prothrombin
VII - Stable factor
IX - Christmas factor
X - Stuart factor
661
CF 1
Fibrinogen
662
CF 2
Prothrombin
663
CF 3
Thromboplastin (Tissue factor)
664
CF 4
Calcium
665
CF 5
Labile factor
666
CF 7
Stable factor
667
CF 8
Antihemophilic factor
668
CF 10
Stuart factor
669
CF 11
Plasmathromboplastin Antecedent
670
CF 12
Hagemann factor
671
CF 13
Fibrin stabilizing factor
672
Clotting factor deficient in Hemophilia A
CF 8 - Antihemophilic factor (8 - A - Anti)
673
Deficient in Hemophilia B
CF 9 - Christmas factor
674
Deficient in Hemophilia C
CF 11 - Plasma thromboplastin antecedent
675
Most important clotting factor
CF 8 - Antihemohilic factor
676
Cloting time
8 to 15 minutes
677
Bleeding time
1 to 3 mins
678
Bleeding is possible to stop even without blood clot because of
Platelet plug
679
2 components of blood clot
Platelets and Fibrin
680
Meshlike structure
Fibrin
681
Electrolyte important for blot clotting
Calcium
682
2 pathways in coagulation cascade
Intrinsic and extrinsic pathways
683
Pathway wherein body is capable of forming blood clot without exposure to external environment
Intrinsic pathway
684
Pathway in formation of blood clot wherein body is exposed to external environment
Extrinsic pathway
685
Common factor of INTRINSIC and EXTRINSIC pathway
CF 10 - Stuart factor
686
What are attached to CF 10
"CaVX"
Calcium
CF V - Labile factor
687
Precursor of Fibrin
Fibrinogen
688
Best to form blot clot: for clotting factors to meet
Pressure pack
689
CaVX waits for
Prothrombin
690
Converts Prothrombin to Thrombin
Ca V X
691
Precursor of Thrombin
Prothrombin (II)
692
Liver produces what clotting factor that is also the precursor of fibrin
Fibrinogen (I)
693
Thrombin waits for what clotting factor to produce Fibrin (XIII)
CF 1 - Fibrinogen
694
In hemophelia:
Problem?
Clotting time =
Bleeding time =
✔️Clotting time increased
| ✔️Normal bleeding time
695
Lab test that measures how fast can the EXTRINSIC pathway activate Factor 10 (stuart factor)
"PeT"
Prothrombin time
696
Normal PT (Prothrombin time)
PT = 9 to 13s
697
Lab test that measures how fast can INTRINSIC pathway activate Factor X
Partial prothrombin time ("PTiT")
698
Normal PTT (Partial thromboplastin time)
PTT = 25 to 35s
699
Normal bleeding time
1-3s
| *boards = 2-3s*
700
Normal platelet count
150,000-450,000 cells/mL
701
Normal RBC count
5M cells/mL
702
Life span of platelets
10 days
703
Most numerous papillae
Filiform
704
Only papillae without taste buds
Filiform
705
Mushroom or fungus shape. Loc at the TIPS and SIDES of tongue
Fungiform
706
Found posterolaterally of tongue
Foliate
707
✔️Found in V shape sulcus of tongue.
✔️Largest
✔️Least numerous papillae
Circumvallate
708
4 sensory branches of CN V3
🔹Long buccal nerve
🔹Lingual nerve
🔹IAN - mental/incisive nerve
🔹Auriculotemporal nerve
709
4 motor branches of CN V3
TIME muscles
710
4 other muscles that is innervated by CN V3
🔹Tensor tympani
🔹Tensor veli palatini
🔹Mylohyoid
🔹Ant belly of digastric
711
Innervates the buccal mucosa of mandibular molars
Long buccal nerve
712
Anterior /3 of tongue (general)
Lingual nerve
713
Anterior 2/3 of tongue (taste)
Chorda tympani of Facial nerve (CN VII)
714
Posterior 1/3 of tongue (general and taste)
CN IX - Glossopharyngeal
715
Base of tongue (general and taste)
CN X - Vagus nerve
716
Terminal branch of IAN
🔹Mental nerve (go for this✨)
| 🔹Incisive nerve
717
Innervates the lower anterior teeth
Incisive nerve
718
Exit of nasopalatine nerve or "Nerve of Scarpa"
Incisive foramen
719
Innervates the TMJ and Scalp
Auriculotemporal nerve
720
Syndrome associated with STURGE-WEBER Syndrome (Path of CN V - birthmark)
Portwine stain
721
Other name for Sturge-Weber syndrome
Encephalogeminal Angiomatosis
722
Is a rare congenital neurological and skin disorder. It is one of the phakomatoses and is often assoc with portwine stains of the face, glaucoma, seizures, mental retardation, and ipsilateral leptomeningeal angioma
Sturge-Weber syndrome (Encephalotrigeminal angiomatosis)
723
Foramen of exit of Abducens nerve (CN VI)
SOF
724
What muscle is innervated by CN VI
Lateral rectus of the eye
725
Foramen exit of Facial nerve
Stylomastoid foramen
726
Control scalp muscles around ear
Auricular nerve (Facial nerve)
727
Innervates the Posterior belly of Digastric
Facial nerve
728
5 major branches in Parotid gland (Facial nerve)
"The Zebra Bump My Car"
```
Temporal
Zygomatic
Buccal
Mandibular
Cervical
```
729
What innervates the Parotid gland
CN IX - Glossopharyngeal nerve
730
Parasympathetic innervation of Facial nerve (Chroda tympani)
Submandibular and sublingual gland
731
3 other names for CN VIII
🔹Vestibulocochlear nerve
🔹Acoustic nerve
🔹Auditory nerve
732
Foramen of exit of CN VIII - Vestibulocochlear nerve
Internal acoustic meatus
733
Nerve for sense of Hearing
Vestibulocochlear nerve
734
3 parts of the outer ear
🔹Auricle
🔹Ear canal
🔹Tympanic membrane/Eardrum
735
Examples of Elastic Cartilages
🔹Pinna/Auricle
🔹Epiglottis
🔹Eustachian tube
736
What is found in the middle ear
🔹Auditory Ossicles
| 🔹Eustachian tube
737
What structures are found in the inner ear
🔹Cochlea
| 🔹Semicircular canals
738
Receptor organ for hearing
Organ of corti
739
Sensory receptors for hearing
"Hair-ing"
Hair cells
740
Contains semicircular fluids for balance
Semicircular canals
741
Foramen of exit of CN IX - Glossopharyngeal nerve
Jugular foramen
742
Nerves that exits in the Jugular foramen
IX - Glossopharyngeal
X - vagus
X - Spinal accessory nerve
743
Parasympathetic innervation of Glossopharyngeal nerve
Parotid gland
744
General and taste sensation of Posterior 1/3 of the tongue
Glssopharyngeal (CN IX)
745
Nerves involved in the Pharyngeal plexus
IX
X
XI
746
Innervates all muscles of Palate and Pharynx
Pharyngeal plexus
747
2 exceptions of Pharyngeal plexus
🔹Tensor veli palatini (V3)
| 🔹Stylopharyngeus (IX)
748
Innervates the superior pharyngeal constrictor
Pharyngeal plexus
749
Foramen of exit of CN X - Vagus nerve
Jugular foramen
750
Vagus nerve has parasympathetic innervation of what organs
```
🔹Heart
🔹Lungs
🔹Digestive tract (stomach, intestines)
🔹Kidney
🔹Liver
```
751
If you cut the vagus nerve, what happens to the heart's function
Increase force of contraction and heart rate
752
Parasympathetic innervation of vagus nerve to heart =
Decrease force of contraction and heart rate
"VAGUS ang nag papaVAGAL ng heart"
753
Once you cut the vagus nerve, digestive tract =
Slow or decreased digestion
| kasi parasympathetic func sa stomach is increased digestion = rest and digest
754
Gag reflex - motor func
Vagus nerve - CN X
755
Gag reflex - sensory
Glossopharyngeal - CN IX
756
Base of the tongue: general and taste sensation
Vagus nerve
757
The nerve that ENTERS and EXITS the skull
Spinal accessory nerve (XI)
758
Where does the CN XI enter?
Foramen magnum
759
Where does the CN XI exit?
Jugular foramen
760
Muscles that are innervated by CN XI
🔹Trapezius
| 🔹Sternocleidomastoid
761
Dse assoc with sternocleidomastoid
Torticollis aka "Wry neck"
762
Sternocleido mastoid rotates chin towards what side
Opposite side of the body
763
Foramen of exit of Hypoglossal nerve
Hypoglossal canal
| May sariling canal si bakla
764
Innervates extrinsic muscles of tongue except Palatoglossus
Hypoglossal nerve
765
Extrinsic muscles innervated by Hypoglossal nerve
Genioglossus
Styloglossus
Hyoglossus
766
Palatoglossus is innervated by
Pharyngeal plexus (IX, X, XI)
767
Moves tongue inferiorly and anteriorly
Genioglossus
768
Move tongue inferiorly
Hyoglossus
769
Moves tongue superiorly and posteriorly
Styloglossus
770
Moves tongue superiorly towards palate and moves palate inferiorly towards tongue
Palatoglossus
771
Longest intracranial nerve
Trochlear nerve CN IV
772
Largest nerve supplying HEAD and NECK
Trigeminal nerve CN V
773
What is neuralgia in CN V (trigeminal)
Tic Douloureux
774
DOC for Tic Douloureux aka Trigeminal neuralgia
Tegretol (Carbamazepine)
775
Largest cranial nerve supplying the Human Body
CN X - Vagus nerve
776
Largest nerve in the human body
Sciatic nerve
777
What is the Wandering nerve
CN X - Vagus nerve
778
What innervates the Parotid gland
CN IX - Glossopharyngeal nerve
779
What innervates the submandibular and sublingual glands
CN VII - Chorda tympani
780
What cranial nerve assoc with Chorda tympani
CN VII - Facial nerve
781
What cranial nerves with Parasympathetic innervation
Parasympathetic:
III - Pupil: Miosis = Pupillary constriction
VII - Subli/Submd = increase saliva secretion
IX - Parotid = increase saliva
X - Heart = decrease rate
GIT = increase metabolism
782
What are the Vit K-dependent clotting factors produced by the Liver
CF II - Prothrombin
VII - Stable factor
IX - Christmas factor
X - Stuart factor
783
CF 1
Fibrinogen
784
CF 2
Prothrombin
785
CF 3
Thromboplastin (Tissue factor)
786
CF 4
Calcium
787
CF 5
Labile factor
788
CF 7
Stable factor
789
CF 8
Antihemophilic factor
790
CF 10
Stuart factor
791
CF 11
Plasmathromboplastin Antecedent
792
CF 12
Hagemann factor
793
CF 13
Fibrin stabilizing factor
794
Clotting factor deficient in Hemophilia A
CF 8 - Antihemophilic factor (8 - A - Anti)
795
Deficient in Hemophilia B
CF 9 - Christmas factor
796
Deficient in Hemophilia C
CF 11 - Plasma thromboplastin antecedent
797
Most important clotting factor
CF 8 - Antihemohilic factor
798
Cloting time
8 to 15 minutes
799
Bleeding time
1 to 3 mins
800
Bleeding is possible to stop even without blood clot because of
Platelet plug
801
2 components of blood clot
Platelets and Fibrin
802
Meshlike structure
Fibrin
803
Electrolyte important for blot clotting
Calcium
804
2 pathways in coagulation cascade
Intrinsic and extrinsic pathways
805
Pathway wherein body is capable of forming blood clot without exposure to external environment
Intrinsic pathway
806
Pathway in formation of blood clot wherein body is exposed to external environment
Extrinsic pathway
807
Common factor of INTRINSIC and EXTRINSIC pathway
CF 10 - Stuart factor
808
What are attached to CF 10
"CaVX"
Calcium
CF V - Labile factor
809
Precursor of Fibrin
Fibrinogen
810
Best to form blot clot: for clotting factors to meet
Pressure pack
811
CaVX waits for
Prothrombin
812
Converts Prothrombin to Thrombin
Ca V X
813
Precursor of Thrombin
Prothrombin (II)
814
Liver produces what clotting factor that is also the precursor of fibrin
Fibrinogen (I)
815
Thrombin waits for what clotting factor to produce Fibrin (XIII)
CF 1 - Fibrinogen
816
In hemophelia:
Problem?
Clotting time =
Bleeding time =
✔️Clotting time increased
| ✔️Normal bleeding time
817
Lab test that measures how fast can the EXTRINSIC pathway activate Factor 10 (stuart factor)
"PeT"
Prothrombin time
818
Normal PT (Prothrombin time)
PT = 9 to 13s
819
Lab test that measures how fast can INTRINSIC pathway activate Factor X
Partial prothrombin time ("PTiT")
820
Normal PTT (Partial thromboplastin time)
PTT = 25 to 35s
821
Normal bleeding time
1-3s
| *boards = 2-3s*
822
Normal platelet count
150,000-450,000 cells/mL
823
Normal RBC count
5M cells/mL
824
Life span of platelets
10 days
825
Most numerous papillae
Filiform
826
Only papillae without taste buds
Filiform
827
Mushroom or fungus shape. Loc at the TIPS and SIDES of tongue
Fungiform
828
Found posterolaterally of tongue
Foliate
829
✔️Found in V shape sulcus of tongue.
✔️Largest
✔️Least numerous papillae
Circumvallate
830
4 sensory branches of CN V3
🔹Long buccal nerve
🔹Lingual nerve
🔹IAN - mental/incisive nerve
🔹Auriculotemporal nerve
831
4 motor branches of CN V3
TIME muscles
832
4 other muscles that is innervated by CN V3
🔹Tensor tympani
🔹Tensor veli palatini
🔹Mylohyoid
🔹Ant belly of digastric
833
Innervates the buccal mucosa of mandibular molars
Long buccal nerve
834
Anterior /3 of tongue (general)
Lingual nerve
835
Anterior 2/3 of tongue (taste)
Chorda tympani of Facial nerve (CN VII)
836
Posterior 1/3 of tongue (general and taste)
CN IX - Glossopharyngeal
837
Base of tongue (general and taste)
CN X - Vagus nerve
838
Terminal branch of IAN
🔹Mental nerve (go for this✨)
| 🔹Incisive nerve
839
Innervates the lower anterior teeth
Incisive nerve
840
Exit of nasopalatine nerve or "Nerve of Scarpa"
Incisive foramen
841
Innervates the TMJ and Scalp
Auriculotemporal nerve
842
Syndrome associated with STURGE-WEBER Syndrome (Path of CN V - birthmark)
Portwine stain
843
Other name for Sturge-Weber syndrome
Encephalogeminal Angiomatosis
844
Is a rare congenital neurological and skin disorder. It is one of the phakomatoses and is often assoc with portwine stains of the face, glaucoma, seizures, mental retardation, and ipsilateral leptomeningeal angioma
Sturge-Weber syndrome (Encephalotrigeminal angiomatosis)
845
Foramen of exit of Abducens nerve (CN VI)
SOF
846
What muscle is innervated by CN VI
Lateral rectus of the eye
847
Foramen exit of Facial nerve
Stylomastoid foramen
848
Control scalp muscles around ear
Auricular nerve (Facial nerve)
849
Innervates the Posterior belly of Digastric
Facial nerve
850
5 major branches in Parotid gland (Facial nerve)
"The Zebra Bump My Car"
```
Temporal
Zygomatic
Buccal
Mandibular
Cervical
```
851
What innervates the Parotid gland
CN IX - Glossopharyngeal nerve
852
Parasympathetic innervation of Facial nerve (Chroda tympani)
Submandibular and sublingual gland
853
3 other names for CN VIII
🔹Vestibulocochlear nerve
🔹Acoustic nerve
🔹Auditory nerve
854
Foramen of exit of CN VIII - Vestibulocochlear nerve
Internal acoustic meatus
855
Nerve for sense of Hearing
Vestibulocochlear nerve
856
3 parts of the outer ear
🔹Auricle
🔹Ear canal
🔹Tympanic membrane/Eardrum
857
Examples of Elastic Cartilages
🔹Pinna/Auricle
🔹Epiglottis
🔹Eustachian tube
858
What is found in the middle ear
🔹Auditory Ossicles
| 🔹Eustachian tube
859
What structures are found in the inner ear
🔹Cochlea
| 🔹Semicircular canals
860
Receptor organ for hearing
Organ of corti
861
Sensory receptors for hearing
"Hair-ing"
Hair cells
862
Contains semicircular fluids for balance
Semicircular canals
863
Foramen of exit of CN IX - Glossopharyngeal nerve
Jugular foramen
864
Nerves that exits in the Jugular foramen
IX - Glossopharyngeal
X - vagus
X - Spinal accessory nerve
865
Parasympathetic innervation of Glossopharyngeal nerve
Parotid gland
866
General and taste sensation of Posterior 1/3 of the tongue
Glssopharyngeal (CN IX)
867
Nerves involved in the Pharyngeal plexus
IX
X
XI
868
Innervates all muscles of Palate and Pharynx
Pharyngeal plexus
869
2 exceptions of Pharyngeal plexus
🔹Tensor veli palatini (V3)
| 🔹Stylopharyngeus (IX)
870
Innervates the superior pharyngeal constrictor
Pharyngeal plexus
871
Foramen of exit of CN X - Vagus nerve
Jugular foramen
872
Vagus nerve has parasympathetic innervation of what organs
```
🔹Heart
🔹Lungs
🔹Digestive tract (stomach, intestines)
🔹Kidney
🔹Liver
```
873
If you cut the vagus nerve, what happens to the heart's function
Increase force of contraction and heart rate
874
Parasympathetic innervation of vagus nerve to heart =
Decrease force of contraction and heart rate
"VAGUS ang nag papaVAGAL ng heart"
875
Once you cut the vagus nerve, digestive tract =
Slow or decreased digestion
| kasi parasympathetic func sa stomach is increased digestion = rest and digest
876
Gag reflex - motor func
Vagus nerve - CN X
877
Gag reflex - sensory
Glossopharyngeal - CN IX
878
Base of the tongue: general and taste sensation
Vagus nerve
879
The nerve that ENTERS and EXITS the skull
Spinal accessory nerve (XI)
880
Where does the CN XI enter?
Foramen magnum
881
Where does the CN XI exit?
Jugular foramen
882
Muscles that are innervated by CN XI
🔹Trapezius
| 🔹Sternocleidomastoid
883
Dse assoc with sternocleidomastoid
Torticollis aka "Wry neck"
884
Sternocleido mastoid rotates chin towards what side
Opposite side of the body
885
Foramen of exit of Hypoglossal nerve
Hypoglossal canal
| May sariling canal si bakla
886
Innervates extrinsic muscles of tongue except Palatoglossus
Hypoglossal nerve
887
Extrinsic muscles innervated by Hypoglossal nerve
Genioglossus
Styloglossus
Hyoglossus
888
Palatoglossus is innervated by
Pharyngeal plexus (IX, X, XI)
889
Moves tongue inferiorly and anteriorly
Genioglossus
890
Move tongue inferiorly
Hyoglossus
891
Moves tongue superiorly and posteriorly
Styloglossus
892
Moves tongue superiorly towards palate and moves palate inferiorly towards tongue
Palatoglossus
893
Longest intracranial nerve
Trochlear nerve CN IV
894
Largest nerve supplying HEAD and NECK
Trigeminal nerve CN V
895
What is neuralgia in CN V (trigeminal)
Tic Douloureux
896
DOC for Tic Douloureux aka Trigeminal neuralgia
Tegretol (Carbamazepine)
897
Largest cranial nerve supplying the Human Body
CN X - Vagus nerve
898
Largest nerve in the human body
Sciatic nerve
899
What is the Wandering nerve
CN X - Vagus nerve
900
What innervates the Parotid gland
CN IX - Glossopharyngeal nerve
901
What innervates the submandibular and sublingual glands
CN VII - Chorda tympani
902
What cranial nerve assoc with Chorda tympani
CN VII - Facial nerve
903
What cranial nerves with Parasympathetic innervation
Parasympathetic:
III - Pupil: Miosis = Pupillary constriction
VII - Subli/Submd = increase saliva secretion
IX - Parotid = increase saliva
X - Heart = decrease rate
GIT = increase metabolism
904
What are the Vit K-dependent clotting factors produced by the Liver
CF II - Prothrombin
VII - Stable factor
IX - Christmas factor
X - Stuart factor
905
CF 1
Fibrinogen
906
CF 2
Prothrombin
907
CF 3
Thromboplastin (Tissue factor)
908
CF 4
Calcium
909
CF 5
Labile factor
910
CF 7
Stable factor
911
CF 8
Antihemophilic factor
912
CF 10
Stuart factor
913
CF 11
Plasmathromboplastin Antecedent
914
CF 12
Hagemann factor
915
CF 13
Fibrin stabilizing factor
916
Clotting factor deficient in Hemophilia A
CF 8 - Antihemophilic factor (8 - A - Anti)
917
Deficient in Hemophilia B
CF 9 - Christmas factor
918
Deficient in Hemophilia C
CF 11 - Plasma thromboplastin antecedent
919
Most important clotting factor
CF 8 - Antihemohilic factor
920
Cloting time
8 to 15 minutes
921
Bleeding time
1 to 3 mins
922
Bleeding is possible to stop even without blood clot because of
Platelet plug
923
2 components of blood clot
Platelets and Fibrin
924
Meshlike structure
Fibrin
925
Electrolyte important for blot clotting
Calcium
926
2 pathways in coagulation cascade
Intrinsic and extrinsic pathways
927
Pathway wherein body is capable of forming blood clot without exposure to external environment
Intrinsic pathway
928
Pathway in formation of blood clot wherein body is exposed to external environment
Extrinsic pathway
929
Common factor of INTRINSIC and EXTRINSIC pathway
CF 10 - Stuart factor
930
What are attached to CF 10
"CaVX"
Calcium
CF V - Labile factor
931
Precursor of Fibrin
Fibrinogen
932
Best to form blot clot: for clotting factors to meet
Pressure pack
933
CaVX waits for
Prothrombin
934
Converts Prothrombin to Thrombin
Ca V X
935
Precursor of Thrombin
Prothrombin (II)
936
Liver produces what clotting factor that is also the precursor of fibrin
Fibrinogen (I)
937
Thrombin waits for what clotting factor to produce Fibrin (XIII)
CF 1 - Fibrinogen
938
In hemophelia:
Problem?
Clotting time =
Bleeding time =
✔️Clotting time increased
| ✔️Normal bleeding time
939
Lab test that measures how fast can the EXTRINSIC pathway activate Factor 10 (stuart factor)
"PeT"
Prothrombin time
940
Normal PT (Prothrombin time)
PT = 9 to 13s
941
Lab test that measures how fast can INTRINSIC pathway activate Factor X
Partial prothrombin time ("PTiT")
942
Normal PTT (Partial thromboplastin time)
PTT = 25 to 35s
943
Normal bleeding time
1-3s
| *boards = 2-3s*
944
Normal platelet count
150,000-450,000 cells/mL
945
Normal RBC count
5M cells/mL
946
Life span of platelets
10 days
947
Most numerous papillae
Filiform
948
Only papillae without taste buds
Filiform
949
Mushroom or fungus shape. Loc at the TIPS and SIDES of tongue
Fungiform
950
Found posterolaterally of tongue
Foliate
951
✔️Found in V shape sulcus of tongue.
✔️Largest
✔️Least numerous papillae
Circumvallate
952
4 sensory branches of CN V3
🔹Long buccal nerve
🔹Lingual nerve
🔹IAN - mental/incisive nerve
🔹Auriculotemporal nerve
953
4 motor branches of CN V3
TIME muscles
954
4 other muscles that is innervated by CN V3
🔹Tensor tympani
🔹Tensor veli palatini
🔹Mylohyoid
🔹Ant belly of digastric
955
Innervates the buccal mucosa of mandibular molars
Long buccal nerve
956
Anterior /3 of tongue (general)
Lingual nerve
957
Anterior 2/3 of tongue (taste)
Chorda tympani of Facial nerve (CN VII)
958
Posterior 1/3 of tongue (general and taste)
CN IX - Glossopharyngeal
959
Base of tongue (general and taste)
CN X - Vagus nerve
960
Terminal branch of IAN
🔹Mental nerve (go for this✨)
| 🔹Incisive nerve
961
Innervates the lower anterior teeth
Incisive nerve
962
Exit of nasopalatine nerve or "Nerve of Scarpa"
Incisive foramen
963
Innervates the TMJ and Scalp
Auriculotemporal nerve
964
Syndrome associated with STURGE-WEBER Syndrome (Path of CN V - birthmark)
Portwine stain
965
Other name for Sturge-Weber syndrome
Encephalogeminal Angiomatosis
966
Is a rare congenital neurological and skin disorder. It is one of the phakomatoses and is often assoc with portwine stains of the face, glaucoma, seizures, mental retardation, and ipsilateral leptomeningeal angioma
Sturge-Weber syndrome (Encephalotrigeminal angiomatosis)
967
Foramen of exit of Abducens nerve (CN VI)
SOF
968
What muscle is innervated by CN VI
Lateral rectus of the eye
969
Foramen exit of Facial nerve
Stylomastoid foramen
970
Control scalp muscles around ear
Auricular nerve (Facial nerve)
971
Innervates the Posterior belly of Digastric
Facial nerve
972
5 major branches in Parotid gland (Facial nerve)
"The Zebra Bump My Car"
```
Temporal
Zygomatic
Buccal
Mandibular
Cervical
```
973
What innervates the Parotid gland
CN IX - Glossopharyngeal nerve
974
Parasympathetic innervation of Facial nerve (Chroda tympani)
Submandibular and sublingual gland
975
3 other names for CN VIII
🔹Vestibulocochlear nerve
🔹Acoustic nerve
🔹Auditory nerve
976
Foramen of exit of CN VIII - Vestibulocochlear nerve
Internal acoustic meatus
977
Nerve for sense of Hearing
Vestibulocochlear nerve
978
3 parts of the outer ear
🔹Auricle
🔹Ear canal
🔹Tympanic membrane/Eardrum
979
Examples of Elastic Cartilages
🔹Pinna/Auricle
🔹Epiglottis
🔹Eustachian tube
980
What is found in the middle ear
🔹Auditory Ossicles
| 🔹Eustachian tube
981
What structures are found in the inner ear
🔹Cochlea
| 🔹Semicircular canals
982
Receptor organ for hearing
Organ of corti
983
Sensory receptors for hearing
"Hair-ing"
Hair cells
984
Contains semicircular fluids for balance
Semicircular canals
985
Foramen of exit of CN IX - Glossopharyngeal nerve
Jugular foramen
986
Nerves that exits in the Jugular foramen
IX - Glossopharyngeal
X - vagus
X - Spinal accessory nerve
987
Parasympathetic innervation of Glossopharyngeal nerve
Parotid gland
988
General and taste sensation of Posterior 1/3 of the tongue
Glssopharyngeal (CN IX)
989
Nerves involved in the Pharyngeal plexus
IX
X
XI
990
Innervates all muscles of Palate and Pharynx
Pharyngeal plexus
991
2 exceptions of Pharyngeal plexus
🔹Tensor veli palatini (V3)
| 🔹Stylopharyngeus (IX)
992
Innervates the superior pharyngeal constrictor
Pharyngeal plexus
993
Foramen of exit of CN X - Vagus nerve
Jugular foramen
994
Vagus nerve has parasympathetic innervation of what organs
```
🔹Heart
🔹Lungs
🔹Digestive tract (stomach, intestines)
🔹Kidney
🔹Liver
```
995
If you cut the vagus nerve, what happens to the heart's function
Increase force of contraction and heart rate
996
Parasympathetic innervation of vagus nerve to heart =
Decrease force of contraction and heart rate
"VAGUS ang nag papaVAGAL ng heart"
997
Once you cut the vagus nerve, digestive tract =
Slow or decreased digestion
| kasi parasympathetic func sa stomach is increased digestion = rest and digest
998
Gag reflex - motor func
Vagus nerve - CN X
999
Gag reflex - sensory
Glossopharyngeal - CN IX
1000
Base of the tongue: general and taste sensation
Vagus nerve
1001
The nerve that ENTERS and EXITS the skull
Spinal accessory nerve (XI)
1002
Where does the CN XI enter?
Foramen magnum
1003
Where does the CN XI exit?
Jugular foramen
1004
Muscles that are innervated by CN XI
🔹Trapezius
| 🔹Sternocleidomastoid
1005
Dse assoc with sternocleidomastoid
Torticollis aka "Wry neck"
1006
Sternocleido mastoid rotates chin towards what side
Opposite side of the body
1007
Foramen of exit of Hypoglossal nerve
Hypoglossal canal
| May sariling canal si bakla
1008
Innervates extrinsic muscles of tongue except Palatoglossus
Hypoglossal nerve
1009
Extrinsic muscles innervated by Hypoglossal nerve
Genioglossus
Styloglossus
Hyoglossus
1010
Palatoglossus is innervated by
Pharyngeal plexus (IX, X, XI)
1011
Moves tongue inferiorly and anteriorly
Genioglossus
1012
Move tongue inferiorly
Hyoglossus
1013
Moves tongue superiorly and posteriorly
Styloglossus
1014
Moves tongue superiorly towards palate and moves palate inferiorly towards tongue
Palatoglossus
1015
Longest intracranial nerve
Trochlear nerve CN IV
1016
Largest nerve supplying HEAD and NECK
Trigeminal nerve CN V
1017
What is neuralgia in CN V (trigeminal)
Tic Douloureux
1018
DOC for Tic Douloureux aka Trigeminal neuralgia
Tegretol (Carbamazepine)
1019
Largest cranial nerve supplying the Human Body
CN X - Vagus nerve
1020
Largest nerve in the human body
Sciatic nerve
1021
What is the Wandering nerve
CN X - Vagus nerve
1022
What innervates the Parotid gland
CN IX - Glossopharyngeal nerve
1023
What innervates the submandibular and sublingual glands
CN VII - Chorda tympani
1024
What cranial nerve assoc with Chorda tympani
CN VII - Facial nerve
1025
What cranial nerves with Parasympathetic innervation
Parasympathetic:
III - Pupil: Miosis = Pupillary constriction
VII - Subli/Submd = increase saliva secretion
IX - Parotid = increase saliva
X - Heart = decrease rate
GIT = increase metabolism
1026
What are the Vit K-dependent clotting factors produced by the Liver
CF II - Prothrombin
VII - Stable factor
IX - Christmas factor
X - Stuart factor
1027
CF 1
Fibrinogen
1028
CF 2
Prothrombin
1029
CF 3
Thromboplastin (Tissue factor)
1030
CF 4
Calcium
1031
CF 5
Labile factor
1032
CF 7
Stable factor
1033
CF 8
Antihemophilic factor
1034
CF 10
Stuart factor
1035
CF 11
Plasmathromboplastin Antecedent
1036
CF 12
Hagemann factor
1037
CF 13
Fibrin stabilizing factor
1038
Clotting factor deficient in Hemophilia A
CF 8 - Antihemophilic factor (8 - A - Anti)
1039
Deficient in Hemophilia B
CF 9 - Christmas factor
1040
Deficient in Hemophilia C
CF 11 - Plasma thromboplastin antecedent
1041
Most important clotting factor
CF 8 - Antihemohilic factor
1042
Cloting time
8 to 15 minutes
1043
Bleeding time
1 to 3 mins
1044
Bleeding is possible to stop even without blood clot because of
Platelet plug
1045
2 components of blood clot
Platelets and Fibrin
1046
Meshlike structure
Fibrin
1047
Electrolyte important for blot clotting
Calcium
1048
2 pathways in coagulation cascade
Intrinsic and extrinsic pathways
1049
Pathway wherein body is capable of forming blood clot without exposure to external environment
Intrinsic pathway
1050
Pathway in formation of blood clot wherein body is exposed to external environment
Extrinsic pathway
1051
Common factor of INTRINSIC and EXTRINSIC pathway
CF 10 - Stuart factor
1052
What are attached to CF 10
"CaVX"
Calcium
CF V - Labile factor
1053
Precursor of Fibrin
Fibrinogen
1054
Best to form blot clot: for clotting factors to meet
Pressure pack
1055
CaVX waits for
Prothrombin
1056
Converts Prothrombin to Thrombin
Ca V X
1057
Precursor of Thrombin
Prothrombin (II)
1058
Liver produces what clotting factor that is also the precursor of fibrin
Fibrinogen (I)
1059
Thrombin waits for what clotting factor to produce Fibrin (XIII)
CF 1 - Fibrinogen
1060
In hemophelia:
Problem?
Clotting time =
Bleeding time =
✔️Clotting time increased
| ✔️Normal bleeding time
1061
Lab test that measures how fast can the EXTRINSIC pathway activate Factor 10 (stuart factor)
"PeT"
Prothrombin time
1062
Normal PT (Prothrombin time)
PT = 9 to 13s
1063
Lab test that measures how fast can INTRINSIC pathway activate Factor X
Partial prothrombin time ("PTiT")
1064
Normal PTT (Partial thromboplastin time)
PTT = 25 to 35s
1065
Normal bleeding time
1-3s
| *boards = 2-3s*
1066
Normal platelet count
150,000-450,000 cells/mL
1067
Normal RBC count
5M cells/mL
1068
Life span of platelets
10 days
1069
Most numerous papillae
Filiform
1070
Only papillae without taste buds
Filiform
1071
Mushroom or fungus shape. Loc at the TIPS and SIDES of tongue
Fungiform
1072
Found posterolaterally of tongue
Foliate
1073
✔️Found in V shape sulcus of tongue.
✔️Largest
✔️Least numerous papillae
Circumvallate
1074
4 sensory branches of CN V3
🔹Long buccal nerve
🔹Lingual nerve
🔹IAN - mental/incisive nerve
🔹Auriculotemporal nerve
1075
4 motor branches of CN V3
TIME muscles
1076
4 other muscles that is innervated by CN V3
🔹Tensor tympani
🔹Tensor veli palatini
🔹Mylohyoid
🔹Ant belly of digastric
1077
Innervates the buccal mucosa of mandibular molars
Long buccal nerve
1078
Anterior /3 of tongue (general)
Lingual nerve
1079
Anterior 2/3 of tongue (taste)
Chorda tympani of Facial nerve (CN VII)
1080
Posterior 1/3 of tongue (general and taste)
CN IX - Glossopharyngeal
1081
Base of tongue (general and taste)
CN X - Vagus nerve
1082
Terminal branch of IAN
🔹Mental nerve (go for this✨)
| 🔹Incisive nerve
1083
Innervates the lower anterior teeth
Incisive nerve
1084
Exit of nasopalatine nerve or "Nerve of Scarpa"
Incisive foramen
1085
Innervates the TMJ and Scalp
Auriculotemporal nerve
1086
Syndrome associated with STURGE-WEBER Syndrome (Path of CN V - birthmark)
Portwine stain
1087
Other name for Sturge-Weber syndrome
Encephalogeminal Angiomatosis
1088
Is a rare congenital neurological and skin disorder. It is one of the phakomatoses and is often assoc with portwine stains of the face, glaucoma, seizures, mental retardation, and ipsilateral leptomeningeal angioma
Sturge-Weber syndrome (Encephalotrigeminal angiomatosis)
1089
Foramen of exit of Abducens nerve (CN VI)
SOF
1090
What muscle is innervated by CN VI
Lateral rectus of the eye
1091
Foramen exit of Facial nerve
Stylomastoid foramen
1092
Control scalp muscles around ear
Auricular nerve (Facial nerve)
1093
Innervates the Posterior belly of Digastric
Facial nerve
1094
5 major branches in Parotid gland (Facial nerve)
"The Zebra Bump My Car"
```
Temporal
Zygomatic
Buccal
Mandibular
Cervical
```
1095
What innervates the Parotid gland
CN IX - Glossopharyngeal nerve
1096
Parasympathetic innervation of Facial nerve (Chroda tympani)
Submandibular and sublingual gland
1097
3 other names for CN VIII
🔹Vestibulocochlear nerve
🔹Acoustic nerve
🔹Auditory nerve
1098
Foramen of exit of CN VIII - Vestibulocochlear nerve
Internal acoustic meatus
1099
Nerve for sense of Hearing
Vestibulocochlear nerve
1100
3 parts of the outer ear
🔹Auricle
🔹Ear canal
🔹Tympanic membrane/Eardrum
1101
Examples of Elastic Cartilages
🔹Pinna/Auricle
🔹Epiglottis
🔹Eustachian tube
1102
What is found in the middle ear
🔹Auditory Ossicles
| 🔹Eustachian tube
1103
What structures are found in the inner ear
🔹Cochlea
| 🔹Semicircular canals
1104
Receptor organ for hearing
Organ of corti
1105
Sensory receptors for hearing
"Hair-ing"
Hair cells
1106
Contains semicircular fluids for balance
Semicircular canals
1107
Foramen of exit of CN IX - Glossopharyngeal nerve
Jugular foramen
1108
Nerves that exits in the Jugular foramen
IX - Glossopharyngeal
X - vagus
X - Spinal accessory nerve
1109
Parasympathetic innervation of Glossopharyngeal nerve
Parotid gland
1110
General and taste sensation of Posterior 1/3 of the tongue
Glssopharyngeal (CN IX)
1111
Nerves involved in the Pharyngeal plexus
IX
X
XI
1112
Innervates all muscles of Palate and Pharynx
Pharyngeal plexus
1113
2 exceptions of Pharyngeal plexus
🔹Tensor veli palatini (V3)
| 🔹Stylopharyngeus (IX)
1114
Innervates the superior pharyngeal constrictor
Pharyngeal plexus
1115
Foramen of exit of CN X - Vagus nerve
Jugular foramen
1116
Vagus nerve has parasympathetic innervation of what organs
```
🔹Heart
🔹Lungs
🔹Digestive tract (stomach, intestines)
🔹Kidney
🔹Liver
```
1117
If you cut the vagus nerve, what happens to the heart's function
Increase force of contraction and heart rate
1118
Parasympathetic innervation of vagus nerve to heart =
Decrease force of contraction and heart rate
"VAGUS ang nag papaVAGAL ng heart"
1119
Once you cut the vagus nerve, digestive tract =
Slow or decreased digestion
| kasi parasympathetic func sa stomach is increased digestion = rest and digest
1120
Gag reflex - motor func
Vagus nerve - CN X
1121
Gag reflex - sensory
Glossopharyngeal - CN IX
1122
Base of the tongue: general and taste sensation
Vagus nerve
1123
The nerve that ENTERS and EXITS the skull
Spinal accessory nerve (XI)
1124
Where does the CN XI enter?
Foramen magnum
1125
Where does the CN XI exit?
Jugular foramen
1126
Muscles that are innervated by CN XI
🔹Trapezius
| 🔹Sternocleidomastoid
1127
Dse assoc with sternocleidomastoid
Torticollis aka "Wry neck"
1128
Sternocleido mastoid rotates chin towards what side
Opposite side of the body
1129
Foramen of exit of Hypoglossal nerve
Hypoglossal canal
| May sariling canal si bakla
1130
Innervates extrinsic muscles of tongue except Palatoglossus
Hypoglossal nerve
1131
Extrinsic muscles innervated by Hypoglossal nerve
Genioglossus
Styloglossus
Hyoglossus
1132
Palatoglossus is innervated by
Pharyngeal plexus (IX, X, XI)
1133
Moves tongue inferiorly and anteriorly
Genioglossus
1134
Move tongue inferiorly
Hyoglossus
1135
Moves tongue superiorly and posteriorly
Styloglossus
1136
Moves tongue superiorly towards palate and moves palate inferiorly towards tongue
Palatoglossus
1137
Longest intracranial nerve
Trochlear nerve CN IV
1138
Largest nerve supplying HEAD and NECK
Trigeminal nerve CN V
1139
What is neuralgia in CN V (trigeminal)
Tic Douloureux
1140
DOC for Tic Douloureux aka Trigeminal neuralgia
Tegretol (Carbamazepine)
1141
Largest cranial nerve supplying the Human Body
CN X - Vagus nerve
1142
Largest nerve in the human body
Sciatic nerve
1143
What is the Wandering nerve
CN X - Vagus nerve
1144
What innervates the Parotid gland
CN IX - Glossopharyngeal nerve
1145
What innervates the submandibular and sublingual glands
CN VII - Chorda tympani
1146
What cranial nerve assoc with Chorda tympani
CN VII - Facial nerve
1147
What cranial nerves with Parasympathetic innervation
Parasympathetic:
III - Pupil: Miosis = Pupillary constriction
VII - Subli/Submd = increase saliva secretion
IX - Parotid = increase saliva
X - Heart = decrease rate
GIT = increase metabolism
1148
What are the Vit K-dependent clotting factors produced by the Liver
CF II - Prothrombin
VII - Stable factor
IX - Christmas factor
X - Stuart factor
1149
CF 1
Fibrinogen
1150
CF 2
Prothrombin
1151
CF 3
Thromboplastin (Tissue factor)
1152
CF 4
Calcium
1153
CF 5
Labile factor
1154
CF 7
Stable factor
1155
CF 8
Antihemophilic factor
1156
CF 10
Stuart factor
1157
CF 11
Plasmathromboplastin Antecedent
1158
CF 12
Hagemann factor
1159
CF 13
Fibrin stabilizing factor
1160
Clotting factor deficient in Hemophilia A
CF 8 - Antihemophilic factor (8 - A - Anti)
1161
Deficient in Hemophilia B
CF 9 - Christmas factor
1162
Deficient in Hemophilia C
CF 11 - Plasma thromboplastin antecedent
1163
Most important clotting factor
CF 8 - Antihemohilic factor
1164
Cloting time
8 to 15 minutes
1165
Bleeding time
1 to 3 mins
1166
Bleeding is possible to stop even without blood clot because of
Platelet plug
1167
2 components of blood clot
Platelets and Fibrin
1168
Meshlike structure
Fibrin
1169
Electrolyte important for blot clotting
Calcium
1170
2 pathways in coagulation cascade
Intrinsic and extrinsic pathways
1171
Pathway wherein body is capable of forming blood clot without exposure to external environment
Intrinsic pathway
1172
Pathway in formation of blood clot wherein body is exposed to external environment
Extrinsic pathway
1173
Common factor of INTRINSIC and EXTRINSIC pathway
CF 10 - Stuart factor
1174
What are attached to CF 10
"CaVX"
Calcium
CF V - Labile factor
1175
Precursor of Fibrin
Fibrinogen
1176
Best to form blot clot: for clotting factors to meet
Pressure pack
1177
CaVX waits for
Prothrombin
1178
Converts Prothrombin to Thrombin
Ca V X
1179
Precursor of Thrombin
Prothrombin (II)
1180
Liver produces what clotting factor that is also the precursor of fibrin
Fibrinogen (I)
1181
Thrombin waits for what clotting factor to produce Fibrin (XIII)
CF 1 - Fibrinogen
1182
In hemophelia:
Problem?
Clotting time =
Bleeding time =
✔️Clotting time increased
| ✔️Normal bleeding time
1183
Lab test that measures how fast can the EXTRINSIC pathway activate Factor 10 (stuart factor)
"PeT"
Prothrombin time
1184
Normal PT (Prothrombin time)
PT = 9 to 13s
1185
Lab test that measures how fast can INTRINSIC pathway activate Factor X
Partial prothrombin time ("PTiT")
1186
Normal PTT (Partial thromboplastin time)
PTT = 25 to 35s
1187
Normal bleeding time
1-3s
| *boards = 2-3s*
1188
Normal platelet count
150,000-450,000 cells/mL
1189
Normal RBC count
5M cells/mL
1190
Life span of platelets
10 days
1191
Most numerous papillae
Filiform
1192
Only papillae without taste buds
Filiform
1193
Mushroom or fungus shape. Loc at the TIPS and SIDES of tongue
Fungiform
1194
Found posterolaterally of tongue
Foliate
1195
✔️Found in V shape sulcus of tongue.
✔️Largest
✔️Least numerous papillae
Circumvallate
1196
4 sensory branches of CN V3
🔹Long buccal nerve
🔹Lingual nerve
🔹IAN - mental/incisive nerve
🔹Auriculotemporal nerve
1197
4 motor branches of CN V3
TIME muscles
1198
4 other muscles that is innervated by CN V3
🔹Tensor tympani
🔹Tensor veli palatini
🔹Mylohyoid
🔹Ant belly of digastric
1199
Innervates the buccal mucosa of mandibular molars
Long buccal nerve
1200
Anterior /3 of tongue (general)
Lingual nerve
1201
Anterior 2/3 of tongue (taste)
Chorda tympani of Facial nerve (CN VII)
1202
Posterior 1/3 of tongue (general and taste)
CN IX - Glossopharyngeal
1203
Base of tongue (general and taste)
CN X - Vagus nerve
1204
Terminal branch of IAN
🔹Mental nerve (go for this✨)
| 🔹Incisive nerve
1205
Innervates the lower anterior teeth
Incisive nerve
1206
Exit of nasopalatine nerve or "Nerve of Scarpa"
Incisive foramen
1207
Innervates the TMJ and Scalp
Auriculotemporal nerve
1208
Syndrome associated with STURGE-WEBER Syndrome (Path of CN V - birthmark)
Portwine stain
1209
Other name for Sturge-Weber syndrome
Encephalogeminal Angiomatosis
1210
Is a rare congenital neurological and skin disorder. It is one of the phakomatoses and is often assoc with portwine stains of the face, glaucoma, seizures, mental retardation, and ipsilateral leptomeningeal angioma
Sturge-Weber syndrome (Encephalotrigeminal angiomatosis)
1211
Foramen of exit of Abducens nerve (CN VI)
SOF
1212
What muscle is innervated by CN VI
Lateral rectus of the eye
1213
Foramen exit of Facial nerve
Stylomastoid foramen
1214
Control scalp muscles around ear
Auricular nerve (Facial nerve)
1215
Innervates the Posterior belly of Digastric
Facial nerve
1216
5 major branches in Parotid gland (Facial nerve)
"The Zebra Bump My Car"
```
Temporal
Zygomatic
Buccal
Mandibular
Cervical
```
1217
What innervates the Parotid gland
CN IX - Glossopharyngeal nerve
1218
Parasympathetic innervation of Facial nerve (Chroda tympani)
Submandibular and sublingual gland
1219
3 other names for CN VIII
🔹Vestibulocochlear nerve
🔹Acoustic nerve
🔹Auditory nerve
1220
Foramen of exit of CN VIII - Vestibulocochlear nerve
Internal acoustic meatus
1221
Nerve for sense of Hearing
Vestibulocochlear nerve
1222
3 parts of the outer ear
🔹Auricle
🔹Ear canal
🔹Tympanic membrane/Eardrum
1223
Examples of Elastic Cartilages
🔹Pinna/Auricle
🔹Epiglottis
🔹Eustachian tube
1224
What is found in the middle ear
🔹Auditory Ossicles
| 🔹Eustachian tube
1225
What structures are found in the inner ear
🔹Cochlea
| 🔹Semicircular canals
1226
Receptor organ for hearing
Organ of corti
1227
Sensory receptors for hearing
"Hair-ing"
Hair cells
1228
Contains semicircular fluids for balance
Semicircular canals
1229
Foramen of exit of CN IX - Glossopharyngeal nerve
Jugular foramen
1230
Nerves that exits in the Jugular foramen
IX - Glossopharyngeal
X - vagus
X - Spinal accessory nerve
1231
Parasympathetic innervation of Glossopharyngeal nerve
Parotid gland
1232
General and taste sensation of Posterior 1/3 of the tongue
Glssopharyngeal (CN IX)
1233
Nerves involved in the Pharyngeal plexus
IX
X
XI
1234
Innervates all muscles of Palate and Pharynx
Pharyngeal plexus
1235
2 exceptions of Pharyngeal plexus
🔹Tensor veli palatini (V3)
| 🔹Stylopharyngeus (IX)
1236
Innervates the superior pharyngeal constrictor
Pharyngeal plexus
1237
Foramen of exit of CN X - Vagus nerve
Jugular foramen
1238
Vagus nerve has parasympathetic innervation of what organs
```
🔹Heart
🔹Lungs
🔹Digestive tract (stomach, intestines)
🔹Kidney
🔹Liver
```
1239
If you cut the vagus nerve, what happens to the heart's function
Increase force of contraction and heart rate
1240
Parasympathetic innervation of vagus nerve to heart =
Decrease force of contraction and heart rate
"VAGUS ang nag papaVAGAL ng heart"
1241
Once you cut the vagus nerve, digestive tract =
Slow or decreased digestion
| kasi parasympathetic func sa stomach is increased digestion = rest and digest
1242
Gag reflex - motor func
Vagus nerve - CN X
1243
Gag reflex - sensory
Glossopharyngeal - CN IX
1244
Base of the tongue: general and taste sensation
Vagus nerve
1245
The nerve that ENTERS and EXITS the skull
Spinal accessory nerve (XI)
1246
Where does the CN XI enter?
Foramen magnum
1247
Where does the CN XI exit?
Jugular foramen
1248
Muscles that are innervated by CN XI
🔹Trapezius
| 🔹Sternocleidomastoid
1249
Dse assoc with sternocleidomastoid
Torticollis aka "Wry neck"
1250
Sternocleido mastoid rotates chin towards what side
Opposite side of the body
1251
Foramen of exit of Hypoglossal nerve
Hypoglossal canal
| May sariling canal si bakla
1252
Innervates extrinsic muscles of tongue except Palatoglossus
Hypoglossal nerve
1253
Extrinsic muscles innervated by Hypoglossal nerve
Genioglossus
Styloglossus
Hyoglossus
1254
Palatoglossus is innervated by
Pharyngeal plexus (IX, X, XI)
1255
Moves tongue inferiorly and anteriorly
Genioglossus
1256
Move tongue inferiorly
Hyoglossus
1257
Moves tongue superiorly and posteriorly
Styloglossus
1258
Moves tongue superiorly towards palate and moves palate inferiorly towards tongue
Palatoglossus
1259
Longest intracranial nerve
Trochlear nerve CN IV
1260
Largest nerve supplying HEAD and NECK
Trigeminal nerve CN V
1261
What is neuralgia in CN V (trigeminal)
Tic Douloureux
1262
DOC for Tic Douloureux aka Trigeminal neuralgia
Tegretol (Carbamazepine)
1263
Largest cranial nerve supplying the Human Body
CN X - Vagus nerve
1264
Largest nerve in the human body
Sciatic nerve
1265
What is the Wandering nerve
CN X - Vagus nerve
1266
What innervates the Parotid gland
CN IX - Glossopharyngeal nerve
1267
What innervates the submandibular and sublingual glands
CN VII - Chorda tympani
1268
What cranial nerve assoc with Chorda tympani
CN VII - Facial nerve
1269
What cranial nerves with Parasympathetic innervation
Parasympathetic:
III - Pupil: Miosis = Pupillary constriction
VII - Subli/Submd = increase saliva secretion
IX - Parotid = increase saliva
X - Heart = decrease rate
GIT = increase metabolism
1270
What are the Vit K-dependent clotting factors produced by the Liver
CF II - Prothrombin
VII - Stable factor
IX - Christmas factor
X - Stuart factor
1271
CF 1
Fibrinogen
1272
CF 2
Prothrombin
1273
CF 3
Thromboplastin (Tissue factor)
1274
CF 4
Calcium
1275
CF 5
Labile factor
1276
CF 7
Stable factor
1277
CF 8
Antihemophilic factor
1278
CF 10
Stuart factor
1279
CF 11
Plasmathromboplastin Antecedent
1280
CF 12
Hagemann factor
1281
CF 13
Fibrin stabilizing factor
1282
Clotting factor deficient in Hemophilia A
CF 8 - Antihemophilic factor (8 - A - Anti)
1283
Deficient in Hemophilia B
CF 9 - Christmas factor
1284
Deficient in Hemophilia C
CF 11 - Plasma thromboplastin antecedent
1285
Most important clotting factor
CF 8 - Antihemohilic factor
1286
Cloting time
8 to 15 minutes
1287
Bleeding time
1 to 3 mins
1288
Bleeding is possible to stop even without blood clot because of
Platelet plug
1289
2 components of blood clot
Platelets and Fibrin
1290
Meshlike structure
Fibrin
1291
Electrolyte important for blot clotting
Calcium
1292
2 pathways in coagulation cascade
Intrinsic and extrinsic pathways
1293
Pathway wherein body is capable of forming blood clot without exposure to external environment
Intrinsic pathway
1294
Pathway in formation of blood clot wherein body is exposed to external environment
Extrinsic pathway
1295
Common factor of INTRINSIC and EXTRINSIC pathway
CF 10 - Stuart factor
1296
What are attached to CF 10
"CaVX"
Calcium
CF V - Labile factor
1297
Precursor of Fibrin
Fibrinogen
1298
Best to form blot clot: for clotting factors to meet
Pressure pack
1299
CaVX waits for
Prothrombin
1300
Converts Prothrombin to Thrombin
Ca V X
1301
Precursor of Thrombin
Prothrombin (II)
1302
Liver produces what clotting factor that is also the precursor of fibrin
Fibrinogen (I)
1303
Thrombin waits for what clotting factor to produce Fibrin (XIII)
CF 1 - Fibrinogen
1304
In hemophelia:
Problem?
Clotting time =
Bleeding time =
✔️Clotting time increased
| ✔️Normal bleeding time
1305
Lab test that measures how fast can the EXTRINSIC pathway activate Factor 10 (stuart factor)
"PeT"
Prothrombin time
1306
Normal PT (Prothrombin time)
PT = 9 to 13s
1307
Lab test that measures how fast can INTRINSIC pathway activate Factor X
Partial prothrombin time ("PTiT")
1308
Normal PTT (Partial thromboplastin time)
PTT = 25 to 35s
1309
Normal bleeding time
1-3s
| *boards = 2-3s*
1310
Normal platelet count
150,000-450,000 cells/mL
1311
Normal RBC count
5M cells/mL
1312
Life span of platelets
10 days
1313
Most numerous papillae
Filiform
1314
Only papillae without taste buds
Filiform
1315
Mushroom or fungus shape. Loc at the TIPS and SIDES of tongue
Fungiform
1316
Found posterolaterally of tongue
Foliate
1317
✔️Found in V shape sulcus of tongue.
✔️Largest
✔️Least numerous papillae
Circumvallate
1318
4 sensory branches of CN V3
🔹Long buccal nerve
🔹Lingual nerve
🔹IAN - mental/incisive nerve
🔹Auriculotemporal nerve
1319
4 motor branches of CN V3
TIME muscles
1320
4 other muscles that is innervated by CN V3
🔹Tensor tympani
🔹Tensor veli palatini
🔹Mylohyoid
🔹Ant belly of digastric
1321
Innervates the buccal mucosa of mandibular molars
Long buccal nerve
1322
Anterior /3 of tongue (general)
Lingual nerve
1323
Anterior 2/3 of tongue (taste)
Chorda tympani of Facial nerve (CN VII)
1324
Posterior 1/3 of tongue (general and taste)
CN IX - Glossopharyngeal
1325
Base of tongue (general and taste)
CN X - Vagus nerve
1326
Terminal branch of IAN
🔹Mental nerve (go for this✨)
| 🔹Incisive nerve
1327
Innervates the lower anterior teeth
Incisive nerve
1328
Exit of nasopalatine nerve or "Nerve of Scarpa"
Incisive foramen
1329
Innervates the TMJ and Scalp
Auriculotemporal nerve
1330
Syndrome associated with STURGE-WEBER Syndrome (Path of CN V - birthmark)
Portwine stain
1331
Other name for Sturge-Weber syndrome
Encephalogeminal Angiomatosis
1332
Is a rare congenital neurological and skin disorder. It is one of the phakomatoses and is often assoc with portwine stains of the face, glaucoma, seizures, mental retardation, and ipsilateral leptomeningeal angioma
Sturge-Weber syndrome (Encephalotrigeminal angiomatosis)
1333
Foramen of exit of Abducens nerve (CN VI)
SOF
1334
What muscle is innervated by CN VI
Lateral rectus of the eye
1335
Foramen exit of Facial nerve
Stylomastoid foramen
1336
Control scalp muscles around ear
Auricular nerve (Facial nerve)
1337
Innervates the Posterior belly of Digastric
Facial nerve
1338
5 major branches in Parotid gland (Facial nerve)
"The Zebra Bump My Car"
```
Temporal
Zygomatic
Buccal
Mandibular
Cervical
```
1339
What innervates the Parotid gland
CN IX - Glossopharyngeal nerve
1340
Parasympathetic innervation of Facial nerve (Chroda tympani)
Submandibular and sublingual gland
1341
3 other names for CN VIII
🔹Vestibulocochlear nerve
🔹Acoustic nerve
🔹Auditory nerve
1342
Foramen of exit of CN VIII - Vestibulocochlear nerve
Internal acoustic meatus
1343
Nerve for sense of Hearing
Vestibulocochlear nerve
1344
3 parts of the outer ear
🔹Auricle
🔹Ear canal
🔹Tympanic membrane/Eardrum
1345
Examples of Elastic Cartilages
🔹Pinna/Auricle
🔹Epiglottis
🔹Eustachian tube
1346
What is found in the middle ear
🔹Auditory Ossicles
| 🔹Eustachian tube
1347
What structures are found in the inner ear
🔹Cochlea
| 🔹Semicircular canals
1348
Receptor organ for hearing
Organ of corti
1349
Sensory receptors for hearing
"Hair-ing"
Hair cells
1350
Contains semicircular fluids for balance
Semicircular canals
1351
Foramen of exit of CN IX - Glossopharyngeal nerve
Jugular foramen
1352
Nerves that exits in the Jugular foramen
IX - Glossopharyngeal
X - vagus
X - Spinal accessory nerve
1353
Parasympathetic innervation of Glossopharyngeal nerve
Parotid gland
1354
General and taste sensation of Posterior 1/3 of the tongue
Glssopharyngeal (CN IX)
1355
Nerves involved in the Pharyngeal plexus
IX
X
XI
1356
Innervates all muscles of Palate and Pharynx
Pharyngeal plexus
1357
2 exceptions of Pharyngeal plexus
🔹Tensor veli palatini (V3)
| 🔹Stylopharyngeus (IX)
1358
Innervates the superior pharyngeal constrictor
Pharyngeal plexus
1359
Foramen of exit of CN X - Vagus nerve
Jugular foramen
1360
Vagus nerve has parasympathetic innervation of what organs
```
🔹Heart
🔹Lungs
🔹Digestive tract (stomach, intestines)
🔹Kidney
🔹Liver
```
1361
If you cut the vagus nerve, what happens to the heart's function
Increase force of contraction and heart rate
1362
Parasympathetic innervation of vagus nerve to heart =
Decrease force of contraction and heart rate
"VAGUS ang nag papaVAGAL ng heart"
1363
Once you cut the vagus nerve, digestive tract =
Slow or decreased digestion
| kasi parasympathetic func sa stomach is increased digestion = rest and digest
1364
Gag reflex - motor func
Vagus nerve - CN X
1365
Gag reflex - sensory
Glossopharyngeal - CN IX
1366
Base of the tongue: general and taste sensation
Vagus nerve
1367
The nerve that ENTERS and EXITS the skull
Spinal accessory nerve (XI)
1368
Where does the CN XI enter?
Foramen magnum
1369
Where does the CN XI exit?
Jugular foramen
1370
Muscles that are innervated by CN XI
🔹Trapezius
| 🔹Sternocleidomastoid
1371
Dse assoc with sternocleidomastoid
Torticollis aka "Wry neck"
1372
Sternocleido mastoid rotates chin towards what side
Opposite side of the body
1373
Foramen of exit of Hypoglossal nerve
Hypoglossal canal
| May sariling canal si bakla
1374
Innervates extrinsic muscles of tongue except Palatoglossus
Hypoglossal nerve
1375
Extrinsic muscles innervated by Hypoglossal nerve
Genioglossus
Styloglossus
Hyoglossus
1376
Palatoglossus is innervated by
Pharyngeal plexus (IX, X, XI)
1377
Moves tongue inferiorly and anteriorly
Genioglossus
1378
Move tongue inferiorly
Hyoglossus
1379
Moves tongue superiorly and posteriorly
Styloglossus
1380
Moves tongue superiorly towards palate and moves palate inferiorly towards tongue
Palatoglossus
1381
Longest intracranial nerve
Trochlear nerve CN IV
1382
Largest nerve supplying HEAD and NECK
Trigeminal nerve CN V
1383
What is neuralgia in CN V (trigeminal)
Tic Douloureux
1384
DOC for Tic Douloureux aka Trigeminal neuralgia
Tegretol (Carbamazepine)
1385
Largest cranial nerve supplying the Human Body
CN X - Vagus nerve
1386
Largest nerve in the human body
Sciatic nerve
1387
What is the Wandering nerve
CN X - Vagus nerve
1388
What innervates the Parotid gland
CN IX - Glossopharyngeal nerve
1389
What innervates the submandibular and sublingual glands
CN VII - Chorda tympani
1390
What cranial nerve assoc with Chorda tympani
CN VII - Facial nerve
1391
What cranial nerves with Parasympathetic innervation
Parasympathetic:
III - Pupil: Miosis = Pupillary constriction
VII - Subli/Submd = increase saliva secretion
IX - Parotid = increase saliva
X - Heart = decrease rate
GIT = increase metabolism
1392
What are the Vit K-dependent clotting factors produced by the Liver
CF II - Prothrombin
VII - Stable factor
IX - Christmas factor
X - Stuart factor
1393
CF 1
Fibrinogen
1394
CF 2
Prothrombin
1395
CF 3
Thromboplastin (Tissue factor)
1396
CF 4
Calcium
1397
CF 5
Labile factor
1398
CF 7
Stable factor
1399
CF 8
Antihemophilic factor
1400
CF 10
Stuart factor
1401
CF 11
Plasmathromboplastin Antecedent
1402
CF 12
Hagemann factor
1403
CF 13
Fibrin stabilizing factor
1404
Clotting factor deficient in Hemophilia A
CF 8 - Antihemophilic factor (8 - A - Anti)
1405
Deficient in Hemophilia B
CF 9 - Christmas factor
1406
Deficient in Hemophilia C
CF 11 - Plasma thromboplastin antecedent
1407
Most important clotting factor
CF 8 - Antihemohilic factor
1408
Cloting time
8 to 15 minutes
1409
Bleeding time
1 to 3 mins
1410
Bleeding is possible to stop even without blood clot because of
Platelet plug
1411
2 components of blood clot
Platelets and Fibrin
1412
Meshlike structure
Fibrin
1413
Electrolyte important for blot clotting
Calcium
1414
2 pathways in coagulation cascade
Intrinsic and extrinsic pathways
1415
Pathway wherein body is capable of forming blood clot without exposure to external environment
Intrinsic pathway
1416
Pathway in formation of blood clot wherein body is exposed to external environment
Extrinsic pathway
1417
Common factor of INTRINSIC and EXTRINSIC pathway
CF 10 - Stuart factor
1418
What are attached to CF 10
"CaVX"
Calcium
CF V - Labile factor
1419
Precursor of Fibrin
Fibrinogen
1420
Best to form blot clot: for clotting factors to meet
Pressure pack
1421
CaVX waits for
Prothrombin
1422
Converts Prothrombin to Thrombin
Ca V X
1423
Precursor of Thrombin
Prothrombin (II)
1424
Liver produces what clotting factor that is also the precursor of fibrin
Fibrinogen (I)
1425
Thrombin waits for what clotting factor to produce Fibrin (XIII)
CF 1 - Fibrinogen
1426
In hemophelia:
Problem?
Clotting time =
Bleeding time =
✔️Clotting time increased
| ✔️Normal bleeding time
1427
Lab test that measures how fast can the EXTRINSIC pathway activate Factor 10 (stuart factor)
"PeT"
Prothrombin time
1428
Normal PT (Prothrombin time)
PT = 9 to 13s
1429
Lab test that measures how fast can INTRINSIC pathway activate Factor X
Partial prothrombin time ("PTiT")
1430
Normal PTT (Partial thromboplastin time)
PTT = 25 to 35s
1431
Normal bleeding time
1-3s
| *boards = 2-3s*
1432
Normal platelet count
150,000-450,000 cells/mL
1433
Normal RBC count
5M cells/mL
1434
Life span of platelets
10 days
1435
Most numerous papillae
Filiform
1436
Only papillae without taste buds
Filiform
1437
Mushroom or fungus shape. Loc at the TIPS and SIDES of tongue
Fungiform
1438
Found posterolaterally of tongue
Foliate
1439
✔️Found in V shape sulcus of tongue.
✔️Largest
✔️Least numerous papillae
Circumvallate
1440
4 sensory branches of CN V3
🔹Long buccal nerve
🔹Lingual nerve
🔹IAN - mental/incisive nerve
🔹Auriculotemporal nerve
1441
4 motor branches of CN V3
TIME muscles
1442
4 other muscles that is innervated by CN V3
🔹Tensor tympani
🔹Tensor veli palatini
🔹Mylohyoid
🔹Ant belly of digastric
1443
Innervates the buccal mucosa of mandibular molars
Long buccal nerve
1444
Anterior /3 of tongue (general)
Lingual nerve
1445
Anterior 2/3 of tongue (taste)
Chorda tympani of Facial nerve (CN VII)
1446
Posterior 1/3 of tongue (general and taste)
CN IX - Glossopharyngeal
1447
Base of tongue (general and taste)
CN X - Vagus nerve
1448
Terminal branch of IAN
🔹Mental nerve (go for this✨)
| 🔹Incisive nerve
1449
Innervates the lower anterior teeth
Incisive nerve
1450
Exit of nasopalatine nerve or "Nerve of Scarpa"
Incisive foramen
1451
Innervates the TMJ and Scalp
Auriculotemporal nerve
1452
Syndrome associated with STURGE-WEBER Syndrome (Path of CN V - birthmark)
Portwine stain
1453
Other name for Sturge-Weber syndrome
Encephalogeminal Angiomatosis
1454
Is a rare congenital neurological and skin disorder. It is one of the phakomatoses and is often assoc with portwine stains of the face, glaucoma, seizures, mental retardation, and ipsilateral leptomeningeal angioma
Sturge-Weber syndrome (Encephalotrigeminal angiomatosis)
1455
Foramen of exit of Abducens nerve (CN VI)
SOF
1456
What muscle is innervated by CN VI
Lateral rectus of the eye
1457
Foramen exit of Facial nerve
Stylomastoid foramen
1458
Control scalp muscles around ear
Auricular nerve (Facial nerve)
1459
Innervates the Posterior belly of Digastric
Facial nerve
1460
5 major branches in Parotid gland (Facial nerve)
"The Zebra Bump My Car"
```
Temporal
Zygomatic
Buccal
Mandibular
Cervical
```
1461
What innervates the Parotid gland
CN IX - Glossopharyngeal nerve
1462
Parasympathetic innervation of Facial nerve (Chroda tympani)
Submandibular and sublingual gland
1463
3 other names for CN VIII
🔹Vestibulocochlear nerve
🔹Acoustic nerve
🔹Auditory nerve
1464
Foramen of exit of CN VIII - Vestibulocochlear nerve
Internal acoustic meatus
1465
Nerve for sense of Hearing
Vestibulocochlear nerve
1466
3 parts of the outer ear
🔹Auricle
🔹Ear canal
🔹Tympanic membrane/Eardrum
1467
Examples of Elastic Cartilages
🔹Pinna/Auricle
🔹Epiglottis
🔹Eustachian tube
1468
What is found in the middle ear
🔹Auditory Ossicles
| 🔹Eustachian tube
1469
What structures are found in the inner ear
🔹Cochlea
| 🔹Semicircular canals
1470
Receptor organ for hearing
Organ of corti
1471
Sensory receptors for hearing
"Hair-ing"
Hair cells
1472
Contains semicircular fluids for balance
Semicircular canals
1473
Foramen of exit of CN IX - Glossopharyngeal nerve
Jugular foramen
1474
Nerves that exits in the Jugular foramen
IX - Glossopharyngeal
X - vagus
X - Spinal accessory nerve
1475
Parasympathetic innervation of Glossopharyngeal nerve
Parotid gland
1476
General and taste sensation of Posterior 1/3 of the tongue
Glssopharyngeal (CN IX)
1477
Nerves involved in the Pharyngeal plexus
IX
X
XI
1478
Innervates all muscles of Palate and Pharynx
Pharyngeal plexus
1479
2 exceptions of Pharyngeal plexus
🔹Tensor veli palatini (V3)
| 🔹Stylopharyngeus (IX)
1480
Innervates the superior pharyngeal constrictor
Pharyngeal plexus
1481
Foramen of exit of CN X - Vagus nerve
Jugular foramen
1482
Vagus nerve has parasympathetic innervation of what organs
```
🔹Heart
🔹Lungs
🔹Digestive tract (stomach, intestines)
🔹Kidney
🔹Liver
```
1483
If you cut the vagus nerve, what happens to the heart's function
Increase force of contraction and heart rate
1484
Parasympathetic innervation of vagus nerve to heart =
Decrease force of contraction and heart rate
"VAGUS ang nag papaVAGAL ng heart"
1485
Once you cut the vagus nerve, digestive tract =
Slow or decreased digestion
| kasi parasympathetic func sa stomach is increased digestion = rest and digest
1486
Gag reflex - motor func
Vagus nerve - CN X
1487
Gag reflex - sensory
Glossopharyngeal - CN IX
1488
Base of the tongue: general and taste sensation
Vagus nerve
1489
The nerve that ENTERS and EXITS the skull
Spinal accessory nerve (XI)
1490
Where does the CN XI enter?
Foramen magnum
1491
Where does the CN XI exit?
Jugular foramen
1492
Muscles that are innervated by CN XI
🔹Trapezius
| 🔹Sternocleidomastoid
1493
Dse assoc with sternocleidomastoid
Torticollis aka "Wry neck"
1494
Sternocleido mastoid rotates chin towards what side
Opposite side of the body
1495
Foramen of exit of Hypoglossal nerve
Hypoglossal canal
| May sariling canal si bakla
1496
Innervates extrinsic muscles of tongue except Palatoglossus
Hypoglossal nerve
1497
Extrinsic muscles innervated by Hypoglossal nerve
Genioglossus
Styloglossus
Hyoglossus
1498
Palatoglossus is innervated by
Pharyngeal plexus (IX, X, XI)
1499
Moves tongue inferiorly and anteriorly
Genioglossus
1500
Move tongue inferiorly
Hyoglossus
1501
Moves tongue superiorly and posteriorly
Styloglossus
1502
Moves tongue superiorly towards palate and moves palate inferiorly towards tongue
Palatoglossus
1503
Longest intracranial nerve
Trochlear nerve CN IV
1504
Largest nerve supplying HEAD and NECK
Trigeminal nerve CN V
1505
What is neuralgia in CN V (trigeminal)
Tic Douloureux
1506
DOC for Tic Douloureux aka Trigeminal neuralgia
Tegretol (Carbamazepine)
1507
Largest cranial nerve supplying the Human Body
CN X - Vagus nerve
1508
Largest nerve in the human body
Sciatic nerve
1509
What is the Wandering nerve
CN X - Vagus nerve
1510
What innervates the Parotid gland
CN IX - Glossopharyngeal nerve
1511
What innervates the submandibular and sublingual glands
CN VII - Chorda tympani
1512
What cranial nerve assoc with Chorda tympani
CN VII - Facial nerve
1513
What cranial nerves with Parasympathetic innervation
Parasympathetic:
III - Pupil: Miosis = Pupillary constriction
VII - Subli/Submd = increase saliva secretion
IX - Parotid = increase saliva
X - Heart = decrease rate
GIT = increase metabolism
1514
What are the Vit K-dependent clotting factors produced by the Liver
CF II - Prothrombin
VII - Stable factor
IX - Christmas factor
X - Stuart factor
1515
CF 1
Fibrinogen
1516
CF 2
Prothrombin
1517
CF 3
Thromboplastin (Tissue factor)
1518
CF 4
Calcium
1519
CF 5
Labile factor
1520
CF 7
Stable factor
1521
CF 8
Antihemophilic factor
1522
CF 10
Stuart factor
1523
CF 11
Plasmathromboplastin Antecedent
1524
CF 12
Hagemann factor
1525
CF 13
Fibrin stabilizing factor
1526
Clotting factor deficient in Hemophilia A
CF 8 - Antihemophilic factor (8 - A - Anti)
1527
Deficient in Hemophilia B
CF 9 - Christmas factor
1528
Deficient in Hemophilia C
CF 11 - Plasma thromboplastin antecedent
1529
Most important clotting factor
CF 8 - Antihemohilic factor
1530
Cloting time
8 to 15 minutes
1531
Bleeding time
1 to 3 mins
1532
Bleeding is possible to stop even without blood clot because of
Platelet plug
1533
2 components of blood clot
Platelets and Fibrin
1534
Meshlike structure
Fibrin
1535
Electrolyte important for blot clotting
Calcium
1536
2 pathways in coagulation cascade
Intrinsic and extrinsic pathways
1537
Pathway wherein body is capable of forming blood clot without exposure to external environment
Intrinsic pathway
1538
Pathway in formation of blood clot wherein body is exposed to external environment
Extrinsic pathway
1539
Common factor of INTRINSIC and EXTRINSIC pathway
CF 10 - Stuart factor
1540
What are attached to CF 10
"CaVX"
Calcium
CF V - Labile factor
1541
Precursor of Fibrin
Fibrinogen
1542
Best to form blot clot: for clotting factors to meet
Pressure pack
1543
CaVX waits for
Prothrombin
1544
Converts Prothrombin to Thrombin
Ca V X
1545
Precursor of Thrombin
Prothrombin (II)
1546
Liver produces what clotting factor that is also the precursor of fibrin
Fibrinogen (I)
1547
Thrombin waits for what clotting factor to produce Fibrin (XIII)
CF 1 - Fibrinogen
1548
In hemophelia:
Problem?
Clotting time =
Bleeding time =
✔️Clotting time increased
| ✔️Normal bleeding time
1549
Lab test that measures how fast can the EXTRINSIC pathway activate Factor 10 (stuart factor)
"PeT"
Prothrombin time
1550
Normal PT (Prothrombin time)
PT = 9 to 13s
1551
Lab test that measures how fast can INTRINSIC pathway activate Factor X
Partial prothrombin time ("PTiT")
1552
Normal PTT (Partial thromboplastin time)
PTT = 25 to 35s
1553
Normal bleeding time
1-3s
| *boards = 2-3s*
1554
Normal platelet count
150,000-450,000 cells/mL
1555
Normal RBC count
5M cells/mL
1556
Life span of platelets
10 days
1557
Most numerous papillae
Filiform
1558
Only papillae without taste buds
Filiform
1559
Mushroom or fungus shape. Loc at the TIPS and SIDES of tongue
Fungiform
1560
Found posterolaterally of tongue
Foliate
1561
✔️Found in V shape sulcus of tongue.
✔️Largest
✔️Least numerous papillae
Circumvallate
1562
4 sensory branches of CN V3
🔹Long buccal nerve
🔹Lingual nerve
🔹IAN - mental/incisive nerve
🔹Auriculotemporal nerve
1563
4 motor branches of CN V3
TIME muscles
1564
4 other muscles that is innervated by CN V3
🔹Tensor tympani
🔹Tensor veli palatini
🔹Mylohyoid
🔹Ant belly of digastric
1565
Innervates the buccal mucosa of mandibular molars
Long buccal nerve
1566
Anterior /3 of tongue (general)
Lingual nerve
1567
Anterior 2/3 of tongue (taste)
Chorda tympani of Facial nerve (CN VII)
1568
Posterior 1/3 of tongue (general and taste)
CN IX - Glossopharyngeal
1569
Base of tongue (general and taste)
CN X - Vagus nerve
1570
Terminal branch of IAN
🔹Mental nerve (go for this✨)
| 🔹Incisive nerve
1571
Innervates the lower anterior teeth
Incisive nerve
1572
Exit of nasopalatine nerve or "Nerve of Scarpa"
Incisive foramen
1573
Innervates the TMJ and Scalp
Auriculotemporal nerve
1574
Syndrome associated with STURGE-WEBER Syndrome (Path of CN V - birthmark)
Portwine stain
1575
Other name for Sturge-Weber syndrome
Encephalogeminal Angiomatosis
1576
Is a rare congenital neurological and skin disorder. It is one of the phakomatoses and is often assoc with portwine stains of the face, glaucoma, seizures, mental retardation, and ipsilateral leptomeningeal angioma
Sturge-Weber syndrome (Encephalotrigeminal angiomatosis)
1577
Foramen of exit of Abducens nerve (CN VI)
SOF
1578
What muscle is innervated by CN VI
Lateral rectus of the eye
1579
Foramen exit of Facial nerve
Stylomastoid foramen
1580
Control scalp muscles around ear
Auricular nerve (Facial nerve)
1581
Innervates the Posterior belly of Digastric
Facial nerve
1582
5 major branches in Parotid gland (Facial nerve)
"The Zebra Bump My Car"
```
Temporal
Zygomatic
Buccal
Mandibular
Cervical
```
1583
What innervates the Parotid gland
CN IX - Glossopharyngeal nerve
1584
Parasympathetic innervation of Facial nerve (Chroda tympani)
Submandibular and sublingual gland
1585
3 other names for CN VIII
🔹Vestibulocochlear nerve
🔹Acoustic nerve
🔹Auditory nerve
1586
Foramen of exit of CN VIII - Vestibulocochlear nerve
Internal acoustic meatus
1587
Nerve for sense of Hearing
Vestibulocochlear nerve
1588
3 parts of the outer ear
🔹Auricle
🔹Ear canal
🔹Tympanic membrane/Eardrum
1589
Examples of Elastic Cartilages
🔹Pinna/Auricle
🔹Epiglottis
🔹Eustachian tube
1590
What is found in the middle ear
🔹Auditory Ossicles
| 🔹Eustachian tube
1591
What structures are found in the inner ear
🔹Cochlea
| 🔹Semicircular canals
1592
Receptor organ for hearing
Organ of corti
1593
Sensory receptors for hearing
"Hair-ing"
Hair cells
1594
Contains semicircular fluids for balance
Semicircular canals
1595
Foramen of exit of CN IX - Glossopharyngeal nerve
Jugular foramen
1596
Nerves that exits in the Jugular foramen
IX - Glossopharyngeal
X - vagus
X - Spinal accessory nerve
1597
Parasympathetic innervation of Glossopharyngeal nerve
Parotid gland
1598
General and taste sensation of Posterior 1/3 of the tongue
Glssopharyngeal (CN IX)
1599
Nerves involved in the Pharyngeal plexus
IX
X
XI
1600
Innervates all muscles of Palate and Pharynx
Pharyngeal plexus
1601
2 exceptions of Pharyngeal plexus
🔹Tensor veli palatini (V3)
| 🔹Stylopharyngeus (IX)
1602
Innervates the superior pharyngeal constrictor
Pharyngeal plexus
1603
Foramen of exit of CN X - Vagus nerve
Jugular foramen
1604
Vagus nerve has parasympathetic innervation of what organs
```
🔹Heart
🔹Lungs
🔹Digestive tract (stomach, intestines)
🔹Kidney
🔹Liver
```
1605
If you cut the vagus nerve, what happens to the heart's function
Increase force of contraction and heart rate
1606
Parasympathetic innervation of vagus nerve to heart =
Decrease force of contraction and heart rate
"VAGUS ang nag papaVAGAL ng heart"
1607
Once you cut the vagus nerve, digestive tract =
Slow or decreased digestion
| kasi parasympathetic func sa stomach is increased digestion = rest and digest
1608
Gag reflex - motor func
Vagus nerve - CN X
1609
Gag reflex - sensory
Glossopharyngeal - CN IX
1610
Base of the tongue: general and taste sensation
Vagus nerve
1611
The nerve that ENTERS and EXITS the skull
Spinal accessory nerve (XI)
1612
Where does the CN XI enter?
Foramen magnum
1613
Where does the CN XI exit?
Jugular foramen
1614
Muscles that are innervated by CN XI
🔹Trapezius
| 🔹Sternocleidomastoid
1615
Dse assoc with sternocleidomastoid
Torticollis aka "Wry neck"
1616
Sternocleido mastoid rotates chin towards what side
Opposite side of the body
1617
Foramen of exit of Hypoglossal nerve
Hypoglossal canal
| May sariling canal si bakla
1618
Innervates extrinsic muscles of tongue except Palatoglossus
Hypoglossal nerve
1619
Extrinsic muscles innervated by Hypoglossal nerve
Genioglossus
Styloglossus
Hyoglossus
1620
Palatoglossus is innervated by
Pharyngeal plexus (IX, X, XI)
1621
Moves tongue inferiorly and anteriorly
Genioglossus
1622
Move tongue inferiorly
Hyoglossus
1623
Moves tongue superiorly and posteriorly
Styloglossus
1624
Moves tongue superiorly towards palate and moves palate inferiorly towards tongue
Palatoglossus
1625
Longest intracranial nerve
Trochlear nerve CN IV
1626
Largest nerve supplying HEAD and NECK
Trigeminal nerve CN V
1627
What is neuralgia in CN V (trigeminal)
Tic Douloureux
1628
DOC for Tic Douloureux aka Trigeminal neuralgia
Tegretol (Carbamazepine)
1629
Largest cranial nerve supplying the Human Body
CN X - Vagus nerve
1630
Largest nerve in the human body
Sciatic nerve
1631
What is the Wandering nerve
CN X - Vagus nerve
1632
What innervates the Parotid gland
CN IX - Glossopharyngeal nerve
1633
What innervates the submandibular and sublingual glands
CN VII - Chorda tympani
1634
What cranial nerve assoc with Chorda tympani
CN VII - Facial nerve
1635
What cranial nerves with Parasympathetic innervation
Parasympathetic:
III - Pupil: Miosis = Pupillary constriction
VII - Subli/Submd = increase saliva secretion
IX - Parotid = increase saliva
X - Heart = decrease rate
GIT = increase metabolism
1636
What are the Vit K-dependent clotting factors produced by the Liver
CF II - Prothrombin
VII - Stable factor
IX - Christmas factor
X - Stuart factor
1637
CF 1
Fibrinogen
1638
CF 2
Prothrombin
1639
CF 3
Thromboplastin (Tissue factor)
1640
CF 4
Calcium
1641
CF 5
Labile factor
1642
CF 7
Stable factor
1643
CF 8
Antihemophilic factor
1644
CF 10
Stuart factor
1645
CF 11
Plasmathromboplastin Antecedent
1646
CF 12
Hagemann factor
1647
CF 13
Fibrin stabilizing factor
1648
Clotting factor deficient in Hemophilia A
CF 8 - Antihemophilic factor (8 - A - Anti)
1649
Deficient in Hemophilia B
CF 9 - Christmas factor
1650
Deficient in Hemophilia C
CF 11 - Plasma thromboplastin antecedent
1651
Most important clotting factor
CF 8 - Antihemohilic factor
1652
Cloting time
8 to 15 minutes
1653
Bleeding time
1 to 3 mins
1654
Bleeding is possible to stop even without blood clot because of
Platelet plug
1655
2 components of blood clot
Platelets and Fibrin
1656
Meshlike structure
Fibrin
1657
Electrolyte important for blot clotting
Calcium
1658
2 pathways in coagulation cascade
Intrinsic and extrinsic pathways
1659
Pathway wherein body is capable of forming blood clot without exposure to external environment
Intrinsic pathway
1660
Pathway in formation of blood clot wherein body is exposed to external environment
Extrinsic pathway
1661
Common factor of INTRINSIC and EXTRINSIC pathway
CF 10 - Stuart factor
1662
What are attached to CF 10
"CaVX"
Calcium
CF V - Labile factor
1663
Precursor of Fibrin
Fibrinogen
1664
Best to form blot clot: for clotting factors to meet
Pressure pack
1665
CaVX waits for
Prothrombin
1666
Converts Prothrombin to Thrombin
Ca V X
1667
Precursor of Thrombin
Prothrombin (II)
1668
Liver produces what clotting factor that is also the precursor of fibrin
Fibrinogen (I)
1669
Thrombin waits for what clotting factor to produce Fibrin (XIII)
CF 1 - Fibrinogen
1670
In hemophelia:
Problem?
Clotting time =
Bleeding time =
✔️Clotting time increased
| ✔️Normal bleeding time
1671
Lab test that measures how fast can the EXTRINSIC pathway activate Factor 10 (stuart factor)
"PeT"
Prothrombin time
1672
Normal PT (Prothrombin time)
PT = 9 to 13s
1673
Lab test that measures how fast can INTRINSIC pathway activate Factor X
Partial prothrombin time ("PTiT")
1674
Normal PTT (Partial thromboplastin time)
PTT = 25 to 35s
1675
Normal bleeding time
1-3s
| *boards = 2-3s*
1676
Normal platelet count
150,000-450,000 cells/mL
1677
Normal RBC count
5M cells/mL
1678
Life span of platelets
10 days
1679
Most numerous papillae
Filiform
1680
Only papillae without taste buds
Filiform
1681
Mushroom or fungus shape. Loc at the TIPS and SIDES of tongue
Fungiform
1682
Found posterolaterally of tongue
Foliate
1683
✔️Found in V shape sulcus of tongue.
✔️Largest
✔️Least numerous papillae
Circumvallate
1684
4 sensory branches of CN V3
🔹Long buccal nerve
🔹Lingual nerve
🔹IAN - mental/incisive nerve
🔹Auriculotemporal nerve
1685
4 motor branches of CN V3
TIME muscles
1686
4 other muscles that is innervated by CN V3
🔹Tensor tympani
🔹Tensor veli palatini
🔹Mylohyoid
🔹Ant belly of digastric
1687
Innervates the buccal mucosa of mandibular molars
Long buccal nerve
1688
Anterior /3 of tongue (general)
Lingual nerve
1689
Anterior 2/3 of tongue (taste)
Chorda tympani of Facial nerve (CN VII)
1690
Posterior 1/3 of tongue (general and taste)
CN IX - Glossopharyngeal
1691
Base of tongue (general and taste)
CN X - Vagus nerve
1692
Terminal branch of IAN
🔹Mental nerve (go for this✨)
| 🔹Incisive nerve
1693
Innervates the lower anterior teeth
Incisive nerve
1694
Exit of nasopalatine nerve or "Nerve of Scarpa"
Incisive foramen
1695
Innervates the TMJ and Scalp
Auriculotemporal nerve
1696
Syndrome associated with STURGE-WEBER Syndrome (Path of CN V - birthmark)
Portwine stain
1697
Other name for Sturge-Weber syndrome
Encephalogeminal Angiomatosis
1698
Is a rare congenital neurological and skin disorder. It is one of the phakomatoses and is often assoc with portwine stains of the face, glaucoma, seizures, mental retardation, and ipsilateral leptomeningeal angioma
Sturge-Weber syndrome (Encephalotrigeminal angiomatosis)
1699
Foramen of exit of Abducens nerve (CN VI)
SOF
1700
What muscle is innervated by CN VI
Lateral rectus of the eye
1701
Foramen exit of Facial nerve
Stylomastoid foramen
1702
Control scalp muscles around ear
Auricular nerve (Facial nerve)
1703
Innervates the Posterior belly of Digastric
Facial nerve
1704
5 major branches in Parotid gland (Facial nerve)
"The Zebra Bump My Car"
```
Temporal
Zygomatic
Buccal
Mandibular
Cervical
```
1705
What innervates the Parotid gland
CN IX - Glossopharyngeal nerve
1706
Parasympathetic innervation of Facial nerve (Chroda tympani)
Submandibular and sublingual gland
1707
3 other names for CN VIII
🔹Vestibulocochlear nerve
🔹Acoustic nerve
🔹Auditory nerve
1708
Foramen of exit of CN VIII - Vestibulocochlear nerve
Internal acoustic meatus
1709
Nerve for sense of Hearing
Vestibulocochlear nerve
1710
3 parts of the outer ear
🔹Auricle
🔹Ear canal
🔹Tympanic membrane/Eardrum
1711
Examples of Elastic Cartilages
🔹Pinna/Auricle
🔹Epiglottis
🔹Eustachian tube
1712
What is found in the middle ear
🔹Auditory Ossicles
| 🔹Eustachian tube
1713
What structures are found in the inner ear
🔹Cochlea
| 🔹Semicircular canals
1714
Receptor organ for hearing
Organ of corti
1715
Sensory receptors for hearing
"Hair-ing"
Hair cells
1716
Contains semicircular fluids for balance
Semicircular canals
1717
Foramen of exit of CN IX - Glossopharyngeal nerve
Jugular foramen
1718
Nerves that exits in the Jugular foramen
IX - Glossopharyngeal
X - vagus
X - Spinal accessory nerve
1719
Parasympathetic innervation of Glossopharyngeal nerve
Parotid gland
1720
General and taste sensation of Posterior 1/3 of the tongue
Glssopharyngeal (CN IX)
1721
Nerves involved in the Pharyngeal plexus
IX
X
XI
1722
Innervates all muscles of Palate and Pharynx
Pharyngeal plexus
1723
2 exceptions of Pharyngeal plexus
🔹Tensor veli palatini (V3)
| 🔹Stylopharyngeus (IX)
1724
Innervates the superior pharyngeal constrictor
Pharyngeal plexus
1725
Foramen of exit of CN X - Vagus nerve
Jugular foramen
1726
Vagus nerve has parasympathetic innervation of what organs
```
🔹Heart
🔹Lungs
🔹Digestive tract (stomach, intestines)
🔹Kidney
🔹Liver
```
1727
If you cut the vagus nerve, what happens to the heart's function
Increase force of contraction and heart rate
1728
Parasympathetic innervation of vagus nerve to heart =
Decrease force of contraction and heart rate
"VAGUS ang nag papaVAGAL ng heart"
1729
Once you cut the vagus nerve, digestive tract =
Slow or decreased digestion
| kasi parasympathetic func sa stomach is increased digestion = rest and digest
1730
Gag reflex - motor func
Vagus nerve - CN X
1731
Gag reflex - sensory
Glossopharyngeal - CN IX
1732
Base of the tongue: general and taste sensation
Vagus nerve
1733
The nerve that ENTERS and EXITS the skull
Spinal accessory nerve (XI)
1734
Where does the CN XI enter?
Foramen magnum
1735
Where does the CN XI exit?
Jugular foramen
1736
Muscles that are innervated by CN XI
🔹Trapezius
| 🔹Sternocleidomastoid
1737
Dse assoc with sternocleidomastoid
Torticollis aka "Wry neck"
1738
Sternocleido mastoid rotates chin towards what side
Opposite side of the body
1739
Foramen of exit of Hypoglossal nerve
Hypoglossal canal
| May sariling canal si bakla
1740
Innervates extrinsic muscles of tongue except Palatoglossus
Hypoglossal nerve
1741
Extrinsic muscles innervated by Hypoglossal nerve
Genioglossus
Styloglossus
Hyoglossus
1742
Palatoglossus is innervated by
Pharyngeal plexus (IX, X, XI)
1743
Moves tongue inferiorly and anteriorly
Genioglossus
1744
Move tongue inferiorly
Hyoglossus
1745
Moves tongue superiorly and posteriorly
Styloglossus
1746
Moves tongue superiorly towards palate and moves palate inferiorly towards tongue
Palatoglossus
1747
Longest intracranial nerve
Trochlear nerve CN IV
1748
Largest nerve supplying HEAD and NECK
Trigeminal nerve CN V
1749
What is neuralgia in CN V (trigeminal)
Tic Douloureux
1750
DOC for Tic Douloureux aka Trigeminal neuralgia
Tegretol (Carbamazepine)
1751
Largest cranial nerve supplying the Human Body
CN X - Vagus nerve
1752
Largest nerve in the human body
Sciatic nerve
1753
What is the Wandering nerve
CN X - Vagus nerve
1754
What innervates the Parotid gland
CN IX - Glossopharyngeal nerve
1755
What innervates the submandibular and sublingual glands
CN VII - Chorda tympani
1756
What cranial nerve assoc with Chorda tympani
CN VII - Facial nerve
1757
What cranial nerves with Parasympathetic innervation
Parasympathetic:
III - Pupil: Miosis = Pupillary constriction
VII - Subli/Submd = increase saliva secretion
IX - Parotid = increase saliva
X - Heart = decrease rate
GIT = increase metabolism
1758
What are the Vit K-dependent clotting factors produced by the Liver
CF II - Prothrombin
VII - Stable factor
IX - Christmas factor
X - Stuart factor
1759
CF 1
Fibrinogen
1760
CF 2
Prothrombin
1761
CF 3
Thromboplastin (Tissue factor)
1762
CF 4
Calcium
1763
CF 5
Labile factor
1764
CF 7
Stable factor
1765
CF 8
Antihemophilic factor
1766
CF 10
Stuart factor
1767
CF 11
Plasmathromboplastin Antecedent
1768
CF 12
Hagemann factor
1769
CF 13
Fibrin stabilizing factor
1770
Clotting factor deficient in Hemophilia A
CF 8 - Antihemophilic factor (8 - A - Anti)
1771
Deficient in Hemophilia B
CF 9 - Christmas factor
1772
Deficient in Hemophilia C
CF 11 - Plasma thromboplastin antecedent
1773
Most important clotting factor
CF 8 - Antihemohilic factor
1774
Cloting time
8 to 15 minutes
1775
Bleeding time
1 to 3 mins
1776
Bleeding is possible to stop even without blood clot because of
Platelet plug
1777
2 components of blood clot
Platelets and Fibrin
1778
Meshlike structure
Fibrin
1779
Electrolyte important for blot clotting
Calcium
1780
2 pathways in coagulation cascade
Intrinsic and extrinsic pathways
1781
Pathway wherein body is capable of forming blood clot without exposure to external environment
Intrinsic pathway
1782
Pathway in formation of blood clot wherein body is exposed to external environment
Extrinsic pathway
1783
Common factor of INTRINSIC and EXTRINSIC pathway
CF 10 - Stuart factor
1784
What are attached to CF 10
"CaVX"
Calcium
CF V - Labile factor
1785
Precursor of Fibrin
Fibrinogen
1786
Best to form blot clot: for clotting factors to meet
Pressure pack
1787
CaVX waits for
Prothrombin
1788
Converts Prothrombin to Thrombin
Ca V X
1789
Precursor of Thrombin
Prothrombin (II)
1790
Liver produces what clotting factor that is also the precursor of fibrin
Fibrinogen (I)
1791
Thrombin waits for what clotting factor to produce Fibrin (XIII)
CF 1 - Fibrinogen
1792
In hemophelia:
Problem?
Clotting time =
Bleeding time =
✔️Clotting time increased
| ✔️Normal bleeding time
1793
Lab test that measures how fast can the EXTRINSIC pathway activate Factor 10 (stuart factor)
"PeT"
Prothrombin time
1794
Normal PT (Prothrombin time)
PT = 9 to 13s
1795
Lab test that measures how fast can INTRINSIC pathway activate Factor X
Partial prothrombin time ("PTiT")
1796
Normal PTT (Partial thromboplastin time)
PTT = 25 to 35s
1797
Normal bleeding time
1-3s
| *boards = 2-3s*
1798
Normal platelet count
150,000-450,000 cells/mL
1799
Normal RBC count
5M cells/mL
1800
Life span of platelets
10 days
1801
Most numerous papillae
Filiform
1802
Only papillae without taste buds
Filiform
1803
Mushroom or fungus shape. Loc at the TIPS and SIDES of tongue
Fungiform
1804
Found posterolaterally of tongue
Foliate
1805
✔️Found in V shape sulcus of tongue.
✔️Largest
✔️Least numerous papillae
Circumvallate
1806
4 sensory branches of CN V3
🔹Long buccal nerve
🔹Lingual nerve
🔹IAN - mental/incisive nerve
🔹Auriculotemporal nerve
1807
4 motor branches of CN V3
TIME muscles
1808
4 other muscles that is innervated by CN V3
🔹Tensor tympani
🔹Tensor veli palatini
🔹Mylohyoid
🔹Ant belly of digastric
1809
Innervates the buccal mucosa of mandibular molars
Long buccal nerve
1810
Anterior /3 of tongue (general)
Lingual nerve
1811
Anterior 2/3 of tongue (taste)
Chorda tympani of Facial nerve (CN VII)
1812
Posterior 1/3 of tongue (general and taste)
CN IX - Glossopharyngeal
1813
Base of tongue (general and taste)
CN X - Vagus nerve
1814
Terminal branch of IAN
🔹Mental nerve (go for this✨)
| 🔹Incisive nerve
1815
Innervates the lower anterior teeth
Incisive nerve
1816
Exit of nasopalatine nerve or "Nerve of Scarpa"
Incisive foramen
1817
Innervates the TMJ and Scalp
Auriculotemporal nerve
1818
Syndrome associated with STURGE-WEBER Syndrome (Path of CN V - birthmark)
Portwine stain
1819
Other name for Sturge-Weber syndrome
Encephalogeminal Angiomatosis
1820
Is a rare congenital neurological and skin disorder. It is one of the phakomatoses and is often assoc with portwine stains of the face, glaucoma, seizures, mental retardation, and ipsilateral leptomeningeal angioma
Sturge-Weber syndrome (Encephalotrigeminal angiomatosis)
1821
Foramen of exit of Abducens nerve (CN VI)
SOF
1822
What muscle is innervated by CN VI
Lateral rectus of the eye
1823
Foramen exit of Facial nerve
Stylomastoid foramen
1824
Control scalp muscles around ear
Auricular nerve (Facial nerve)
1825
Innervates the Posterior belly of Digastric
Facial nerve
1826
5 major branches in Parotid gland (Facial nerve)
"The Zebra Bump My Car"
```
Temporal
Zygomatic
Buccal
Mandibular
Cervical
```
1827
What innervates the Parotid gland
CN IX - Glossopharyngeal nerve
1828
Parasympathetic innervation of Facial nerve (Chroda tympani)
Submandibular and sublingual gland
1829
3 other names for CN VIII
🔹Vestibulocochlear nerve
🔹Acoustic nerve
🔹Auditory nerve
1830
Foramen of exit of CN VIII - Vestibulocochlear nerve
Internal acoustic meatus
1831
Nerve for sense of Hearing
Vestibulocochlear nerve
1832
3 parts of the outer ear
🔹Auricle
🔹Ear canal
🔹Tympanic membrane/Eardrum
1833
Examples of Elastic Cartilages
🔹Pinna/Auricle
🔹Epiglottis
🔹Eustachian tube
1834
What is found in the middle ear
🔹Auditory Ossicles
| 🔹Eustachian tube
1835
What structures are found in the inner ear
🔹Cochlea
| 🔹Semicircular canals
1836
Receptor organ for hearing
Organ of corti
1837
Sensory receptors for hearing
"Hair-ing"
Hair cells
1838
Contains semicircular fluids for balance
Semicircular canals
1839
Foramen of exit of CN IX - Glossopharyngeal nerve
Jugular foramen
1840
Nerves that exits in the Jugular foramen
IX - Glossopharyngeal
X - vagus
X - Spinal accessory nerve
1841
Parasympathetic innervation of Glossopharyngeal nerve
Parotid gland
1842
General and taste sensation of Posterior 1/3 of the tongue
Glssopharyngeal (CN IX)
1843
Nerves involved in the Pharyngeal plexus
IX
X
XI
1844
Innervates all muscles of Palate and Pharynx
Pharyngeal plexus
1845
2 exceptions of Pharyngeal plexus
🔹Tensor veli palatini (V3)
| 🔹Stylopharyngeus (IX)
1846
Innervates the superior pharyngeal constrictor
Pharyngeal plexus
1847
Foramen of exit of CN X - Vagus nerve
Jugular foramen
1848
Vagus nerve has parasympathetic innervation of what organs
```
🔹Heart
🔹Lungs
🔹Digestive tract (stomach, intestines)
🔹Kidney
🔹Liver
```
1849
If you cut the vagus nerve, what happens to the heart's function
Increase force of contraction and heart rate
1850
Parasympathetic innervation of vagus nerve to heart =
Decrease force of contraction and heart rate
"VAGUS ang nag papaVAGAL ng heart"
1851
Once you cut the vagus nerve, digestive tract =
Slow or decreased digestion
| kasi parasympathetic func sa stomach is increased digestion = rest and digest
1852
Gag reflex - motor func
Vagus nerve - CN X
1853
Gag reflex - sensory
Glossopharyngeal - CN IX
1854
Base of the tongue: general and taste sensation
Vagus nerve
1855
The nerve that ENTERS and EXITS the skull
Spinal accessory nerve (XI)
1856
Where does the CN XI enter?
Foramen magnum
1857
Where does the CN XI exit?
Jugular foramen
1858
Muscles that are innervated by CN XI
🔹Trapezius
| 🔹Sternocleidomastoid
1859
Dse assoc with sternocleidomastoid
Torticollis aka "Wry neck"
1860
Sternocleido mastoid rotates chin towards what side
Opposite side of the body
1861
Foramen of exit of Hypoglossal nerve
Hypoglossal canal
| May sariling canal si bakla
1862
Innervates extrinsic muscles of tongue except Palatoglossus
Hypoglossal nerve
1863
Extrinsic muscles innervated by Hypoglossal nerve
Genioglossus
Styloglossus
Hyoglossus
1864
Palatoglossus is innervated by
Pharyngeal plexus (IX, X, XI)
1865
Moves tongue inferiorly and anteriorly
Genioglossus
1866
Move tongue inferiorly
Hyoglossus
1867
Moves tongue superiorly and posteriorly
Styloglossus
1868
Moves tongue superiorly towards palate and moves palate inferiorly towards tongue
Palatoglossus
1869
Longest intracranial nerve
Trochlear nerve CN IV
1870
Largest nerve supplying HEAD and NECK
Trigeminal nerve CN V
1871
What is neuralgia in CN V (trigeminal)
Tic Douloureux
1872
DOC for Tic Douloureux aka Trigeminal neuralgia
Tegretol (Carbamazepine)
1873
Largest cranial nerve supplying the Human Body
CN X - Vagus nerve
1874
Largest nerve in the human body
Sciatic nerve
1875
What is the Wandering nerve
CN X - Vagus nerve
1876
What innervates the Parotid gland
CN IX - Glossopharyngeal nerve
1877
What innervates the submandibular and sublingual glands
CN VII - Chorda tympani
1878
What cranial nerve assoc with Chorda tympani
CN VII - Facial nerve
1879
What cranial nerves with Parasympathetic innervation
Parasympathetic:
III - Pupil: Miosis = Pupillary constriction
VII - Subli/Submd = increase saliva secretion
IX - Parotid = increase saliva
X - Heart = decrease rate
GIT = increase metabolism
1880
What are the Vit K-dependent clotting factors produced by the Liver
CF II - Prothrombin
VII - Stable factor
IX - Christmas factor
X - Stuart factor
1881
CF 1
Fibrinogen
1882
CF 2
Prothrombin
1883
CF 3
Thromboplastin (Tissue factor)
1884
CF 4
Calcium
1885
CF 5
Labile factor
1886
CF 7
Stable factor
1887
CF 8
Antihemophilic factor
1888
CF 10
Stuart factor
1889
CF 11
Plasmathromboplastin Antecedent
1890
CF 12
Hagemann factor
1891
CF 13
Fibrin stabilizing factor
1892
Clotting factor deficient in Hemophilia A
CF 8 - Antihemophilic factor (8 - A - Anti)
1893
Deficient in Hemophilia B
CF 9 - Christmas factor
1894
Deficient in Hemophilia C
CF 11 - Plasma thromboplastin antecedent
1895
Most important clotting factor
CF 8 - Antihemohilic factor
1896
Cloting time
8 to 15 minutes
1897
Bleeding time
1 to 3 mins
1898
Bleeding is possible to stop even without blood clot because of
Platelet plug
1899
2 components of blood clot
Platelets and Fibrin
1900
Meshlike structure
Fibrin
1901
Electrolyte important for blot clotting
Calcium
1902
2 pathways in coagulation cascade
Intrinsic and extrinsic pathways
1903
Pathway wherein body is capable of forming blood clot without exposure to external environment
Intrinsic pathway
1904
Pathway in formation of blood clot wherein body is exposed to external environment
Extrinsic pathway
1905
Common factor of INTRINSIC and EXTRINSIC pathway
CF 10 - Stuart factor
1906
What are attached to CF 10
"CaVX"
Calcium
CF V - Labile factor
1907
Precursor of Fibrin
Fibrinogen
1908
Best to form blot clot: for clotting factors to meet
Pressure pack
1909
CaVX waits for
Prothrombin
1910
Converts Prothrombin to Thrombin
Ca V X
1911
Precursor of Thrombin
Prothrombin (II)
1912
Liver produces what clotting factor that is also the precursor of fibrin
Fibrinogen (I)
1913
Thrombin waits for what clotting factor to produce Fibrin (XIII)
CF 1 - Fibrinogen
1914
In hemophelia:
Problem?
Clotting time =
Bleeding time =
✔️Clotting time increased
| ✔️Normal bleeding time
1915
Lab test that measures how fast can the EXTRINSIC pathway activate Factor 10 (stuart factor)
"PeT"
Prothrombin time
1916
Normal PT (Prothrombin time)
PT = 9 to 13s
1917
Lab test that measures how fast can INTRINSIC pathway activate Factor X
Partial prothrombin time ("PTiT")
1918
Normal PTT (Partial thromboplastin time)
PTT = 25 to 35s
1919
Normal bleeding time
1-3s
| *boards = 2-3s*
1920
Normal platelet count
150,000-450,000 cells/mL
1921
Normal RBC count
5M cells/mL
1922
Life span of platelets
10 days
1923
Most numerous papillae
Filiform
1924
Only papillae without taste buds
Filiform
1925
Mushroom or fungus shape. Loc at the TIPS and SIDES of tongue
Fungiform
1926
Found posterolaterally of tongue
Foliate
1927
✔️Found in V shape sulcus of tongue.
✔️Largest
✔️Least numerous papillae
Circumvallate
1928
4 sensory branches of CN V3
🔹Long buccal nerve
🔹Lingual nerve
🔹IAN - mental/incisive nerve
🔹Auriculotemporal nerve
1929
4 motor branches of CN V3
TIME muscles
1930
4 other muscles that is innervated by CN V3
🔹Tensor tympani
🔹Tensor veli palatini
🔹Mylohyoid
🔹Ant belly of digastric
1931
Innervates the buccal mucosa of mandibular molars
Long buccal nerve
1932
Anterior /3 of tongue (general)
Lingual nerve
1933
Anterior 2/3 of tongue (taste)
Chorda tympani of Facial nerve (CN VII)
1934
Posterior 1/3 of tongue (general and taste)
CN IX - Glossopharyngeal
1935
Base of tongue (general and taste)
CN X - Vagus nerve
1936
Terminal branch of IAN
🔹Mental nerve (go for this✨)
| 🔹Incisive nerve
1937
Innervates the lower anterior teeth
Incisive nerve
1938
Exit of nasopalatine nerve or "Nerve of Scarpa"
Incisive foramen
1939
Innervates the TMJ and Scalp
Auriculotemporal nerve
1940
Syndrome associated with STURGE-WEBER Syndrome (Path of CN V - birthmark)
Portwine stain
1941
Other name for Sturge-Weber syndrome
Encephalogeminal Angiomatosis
1942
Is a rare congenital neurological and skin disorder. It is one of the phakomatoses and is often assoc with portwine stains of the face, glaucoma, seizures, mental retardation, and ipsilateral leptomeningeal angioma
Sturge-Weber syndrome (Encephalotrigeminal angiomatosis)
1943
Foramen of exit of Abducens nerve (CN VI)
SOF
1944
What muscle is innervated by CN VI
Lateral rectus of the eye
1945
Foramen exit of Facial nerve
Stylomastoid foramen
1946
Control scalp muscles around ear
Auricular nerve (Facial nerve)
1947
Innervates the Posterior belly of Digastric
Facial nerve
1948
5 major branches in Parotid gland (Facial nerve)
"The Zebra Bump My Car"
```
Temporal
Zygomatic
Buccal
Mandibular
Cervical
```
1949
What innervates the Parotid gland
CN IX - Glossopharyngeal nerve
1950
Parasympathetic innervation of Facial nerve (Chroda tympani)
Submandibular and sublingual gland
1951
3 other names for CN VIII
🔹Vestibulocochlear nerve
🔹Acoustic nerve
🔹Auditory nerve
1952
Foramen of exit of CN VIII - Vestibulocochlear nerve
Internal acoustic meatus
1953
Nerve for sense of Hearing
Vestibulocochlear nerve
1954
3 parts of the outer ear
🔹Auricle
🔹Ear canal
🔹Tympanic membrane/Eardrum
1955
Examples of Elastic Cartilages
🔹Pinna/Auricle
🔹Epiglottis
🔹Eustachian tube
1956
What is found in the middle ear
🔹Auditory Ossicles
| 🔹Eustachian tube
1957
What structures are found in the inner ear
🔹Cochlea
| 🔹Semicircular canals
1958
Receptor organ for hearing
Organ of corti
1959
Sensory receptors for hearing
"Hair-ing"
Hair cells
1960
Contains semicircular fluids for balance
Semicircular canals
1961
Foramen of exit of CN IX - Glossopharyngeal nerve
Jugular foramen
1962
Nerves that exits in the Jugular foramen
IX - Glossopharyngeal
X - vagus
X - Spinal accessory nerve
1963
Parasympathetic innervation of Glossopharyngeal nerve
Parotid gland
1964
General and taste sensation of Posterior 1/3 of the tongue
Glssopharyngeal (CN IX)
1965
Nerves involved in the Pharyngeal plexus
IX
X
XI
1966
Innervates all muscles of Palate and Pharynx
Pharyngeal plexus
1967
2 exceptions of Pharyngeal plexus
🔹Tensor veli palatini (V3)
| 🔹Stylopharyngeus (IX)
1968
Innervates the superior pharyngeal constrictor
Pharyngeal plexus
1969
Foramen of exit of CN X - Vagus nerve
Jugular foramen
1970
Vagus nerve has parasympathetic innervation of what organs
```
🔹Heart
🔹Lungs
🔹Digestive tract (stomach, intestines)
🔹Kidney
🔹Liver
```
1971
If you cut the vagus nerve, what happens to the heart's function
Increase force of contraction and heart rate
1972
Parasympathetic innervation of vagus nerve to heart =
Decrease force of contraction and heart rate
"VAGUS ang nag papaVAGAL ng heart"
1973
Once you cut the vagus nerve, digestive tract =
Slow or decreased digestion
| kasi parasympathetic func sa stomach is increased digestion = rest and digest
1974
Gag reflex - motor func
Vagus nerve - CN X
1975
Gag reflex - sensory
Glossopharyngeal - CN IX
1976
Base of the tongue: general and taste sensation
Vagus nerve
1977
The nerve that ENTERS and EXITS the skull
Spinal accessory nerve (XI)
1978
Where does the CN XI enter?
Foramen magnum
1979
Where does the CN XI exit?
Jugular foramen
1980
Muscles that are innervated by CN XI
🔹Trapezius
| 🔹Sternocleidomastoid
1981
Dse assoc with sternocleidomastoid
Torticollis aka "Wry neck"
1982
Sternocleido mastoid rotates chin towards what side
Opposite side of the body
1983
Foramen of exit of Hypoglossal nerve
Hypoglossal canal
| May sariling canal si bakla
1984
Innervates extrinsic muscles of tongue except Palatoglossus
Hypoglossal nerve
1985
Extrinsic muscles innervated by Hypoglossal nerve
Genioglossus
Styloglossus
Hyoglossus
1986
Palatoglossus is innervated by
Pharyngeal plexus (IX, X, XI)
1987
Moves tongue inferiorly and anteriorly
Genioglossus
1988
Move tongue inferiorly
Hyoglossus
1989
Moves tongue superiorly and posteriorly
Styloglossus
1990
Moves tongue superiorly towards palate and moves palate inferiorly towards tongue
Palatoglossus
1991
Longest intracranial nerve
Trochlear nerve CN IV
1992
Largest nerve supplying HEAD and NECK
Trigeminal nerve CN V
1993
What is neuralgia in CN V (trigeminal)
Tic Douloureux
1994
DOC for Tic Douloureux aka Trigeminal neuralgia
Tegretol (Carbamazepine)
1995
Largest cranial nerve supplying the Human Body
CN X - Vagus nerve
1996
Largest nerve in the human body
Sciatic nerve
1997
What is the Wandering nerve
CN X - Vagus nerve
1998
What innervates the Parotid gland
CN IX - Glossopharyngeal nerve
1999
What innervates the submandibular and sublingual glands
CN VII - Chorda tympani
2000
What cranial nerve assoc with Chorda tympani
CN VII - Facial nerve
2001
What cranial nerves with Parasympathetic innervation
Parasympathetic:
III - Pupil: Miosis = Pupillary constriction
VII - Subli/Submd = increase saliva secretion
IX - Parotid = increase saliva
X - Heart = decrease rate
GIT = increase metabolism
2002
What are the Vit K-dependent clotting factors produced by the Liver
CF II - Prothrombin
VII - Stable factor
IX - Christmas factor
X - Stuart factor
2003
CF 1
Fibrinogen
2004
CF 2
Prothrombin
2005
CF 3
Thromboplastin (Tissue factor)
2006
CF 4
Calcium
2007
CF 5
Labile factor
2008
CF 7
Stable factor
2009
CF 8
Antihemophilic factor
2010
CF 10
Stuart factor
2011
CF 11
Plasmathromboplastin Antecedent
2012
CF 12
Hagemann factor
2013
CF 13
Fibrin stabilizing factor
2014
Clotting factor deficient in Hemophilia A
CF 8 - Antihemophilic factor (8 - A - Anti)
2015
Deficient in Hemophilia B
CF 9 - Christmas factor
2016
Deficient in Hemophilia C
CF 11 - Plasma thromboplastin antecedent
2017
Most important clotting factor
CF 8 - Antihemohilic factor
2018
Cloting time
8 to 15 minutes
2019
Bleeding time
1 to 3 mins
2020
Bleeding is possible to stop even without blood clot because of
Platelet plug
2021
2 components of blood clot
Platelets and Fibrin
2022
Meshlike structure
Fibrin
2023
Electrolyte important for blot clotting
Calcium
2024
2 pathways in coagulation cascade
Intrinsic and extrinsic pathways
2025
Pathway wherein body is capable of forming blood clot without exposure to external environment
Intrinsic pathway
2026
Pathway in formation of blood clot wherein body is exposed to external environment
Extrinsic pathway
2027
Common factor of INTRINSIC and EXTRINSIC pathway
CF 10 - Stuart factor
2028
What are attached to CF 10
"CaVX"
Calcium
CF V - Labile factor
2029
Precursor of Fibrin
Fibrinogen
2030
Best to form blot clot: for clotting factors to meet
Pressure pack
2031
CaVX waits for
Prothrombin
2032
Converts Prothrombin to Thrombin
Ca V X
2033
Precursor of Thrombin
Prothrombin (II)
2034
Liver produces what clotting factor that is also the precursor of fibrin
Fibrinogen (I)
2035
Thrombin waits for what clotting factor to produce Fibrin (XIII)
CF 1 - Fibrinogen
2036
In hemophelia:
Problem?
Clotting time =
Bleeding time =
✔️Clotting time increased
| ✔️Normal bleeding time
2037
Lab test that measures how fast can the EXTRINSIC pathway activate Factor 10 (stuart factor)
"PeT"
Prothrombin time
2038
Normal PT (Prothrombin time)
PT = 9 to 13s
2039
Lab test that measures how fast can INTRINSIC pathway activate Factor X
Partial prothrombin time ("PTiT")
2040
Normal PTT (Partial thromboplastin time)
PTT = 25 to 35s
2041
Normal bleeding time
1-3s
| *boards = 2-3s*
2042
Normal platelet count
150,000-450,000 cells/mL
2043
Normal RBC count
5M cells/mL
2044
Life span of platelets
10 days
2045
Most numerous papillae
Filiform
2046
Only papillae without taste buds
Filiform
2047
Mushroom or fungus shape. Loc at the TIPS and SIDES of tongue
Fungiform
2048
Found posterolaterally of tongue
Foliate
2049
✔️Found in V shape sulcus of tongue.
✔️Largest
✔️Least numerous papillae
Circumvallate
2050
4 sensory branches of CN V3
🔹Long buccal nerve
🔹Lingual nerve
🔹IAN - mental/incisive nerve
🔹Auriculotemporal nerve
2051
4 motor branches of CN V3
TIME muscles
2052
4 other muscles that is innervated by CN V3
🔹Tensor tympani
🔹Tensor veli palatini
🔹Mylohyoid
🔹Ant belly of digastric
2053
Innervates the buccal mucosa of mandibular molars
Long buccal nerve
2054
Anterior /3 of tongue (general)
Lingual nerve
2055
Anterior 2/3 of tongue (taste)
Chorda tympani of Facial nerve (CN VII)
2056
Posterior 1/3 of tongue (general and taste)
CN IX - Glossopharyngeal
2057
Base of tongue (general and taste)
CN X - Vagus nerve
2058
Terminal branch of IAN
🔹Mental nerve (go for this✨)
| 🔹Incisive nerve
2059
Innervates the lower anterior teeth
Incisive nerve
2060
Exit of nasopalatine nerve or "Nerve of Scarpa"
Incisive foramen
2061
Innervates the TMJ and Scalp
Auriculotemporal nerve
2062
Syndrome associated with STURGE-WEBER Syndrome (Path of CN V - birthmark)
Portwine stain
2063
Other name for Sturge-Weber syndrome
Encephalogeminal Angiomatosis
2064
Is a rare congenital neurological and skin disorder. It is one of the phakomatoses and is often assoc with portwine stains of the face, glaucoma, seizures, mental retardation, and ipsilateral leptomeningeal angioma
Sturge-Weber syndrome (Encephalotrigeminal angiomatosis)
2065
Foramen of exit of Abducens nerve (CN VI)
SOF
2066
What muscle is innervated by CN VI
Lateral rectus of the eye
2067
Foramen exit of Facial nerve
Stylomastoid foramen
2068
Control scalp muscles around ear
Auricular nerve (Facial nerve)
2069
Innervates the Posterior belly of Digastric
Facial nerve
2070
5 major branches in Parotid gland (Facial nerve)
"The Zebra Bump My Car"
```
Temporal
Zygomatic
Buccal
Mandibular
Cervical
```
2071
What innervates the Parotid gland
CN IX - Glossopharyngeal nerve
2072
Parasympathetic innervation of Facial nerve (Chroda tympani)
Submandibular and sublingual gland
2073
3 other names for CN VIII
🔹Vestibulocochlear nerve
🔹Acoustic nerve
🔹Auditory nerve
2074
Foramen of exit of CN VIII - Vestibulocochlear nerve
Internal acoustic meatus
2075
Nerve for sense of Hearing
Vestibulocochlear nerve
2076
3 parts of the outer ear
🔹Auricle
🔹Ear canal
🔹Tympanic membrane/Eardrum
2077
Examples of Elastic Cartilages
🔹Pinna/Auricle
🔹Epiglottis
🔹Eustachian tube
2078
What is found in the middle ear
🔹Auditory Ossicles
| 🔹Eustachian tube
2079
What structures are found in the inner ear
🔹Cochlea
| 🔹Semicircular canals
2080
Receptor organ for hearing
Organ of corti
2081
Sensory receptors for hearing
"Hair-ing"
Hair cells
2082
Contains semicircular fluids for balance
Semicircular canals
2083
Foramen of exit of CN IX - Glossopharyngeal nerve
Jugular foramen
2084
Nerves that exits in the Jugular foramen
IX - Glossopharyngeal
X - vagus
X - Spinal accessory nerve
2085
Parasympathetic innervation of Glossopharyngeal nerve
Parotid gland
2086
General and taste sensation of Posterior 1/3 of the tongue
Glssopharyngeal (CN IX)
2087
Nerves involved in the Pharyngeal plexus
IX
X
XI
2088
Innervates all muscles of Palate and Pharynx
Pharyngeal plexus
2089
2 exceptions of Pharyngeal plexus
🔹Tensor veli palatini (V3)
| 🔹Stylopharyngeus (IX)
2090
Innervates the superior pharyngeal constrictor
Pharyngeal plexus
2091
Foramen of exit of CN X - Vagus nerve
Jugular foramen
2092
Vagus nerve has parasympathetic innervation of what organs
```
🔹Heart
🔹Lungs
🔹Digestive tract (stomach, intestines)
🔹Kidney
🔹Liver
```
2093
If you cut the vagus nerve, what happens to the heart's function
Increase force of contraction and heart rate
2094
Parasympathetic innervation of vagus nerve to heart =
Decrease force of contraction and heart rate
"VAGUS ang nag papaVAGAL ng heart"
2095
Once you cut the vagus nerve, digestive tract =
Slow or decreased digestion
| kasi parasympathetic func sa stomach is increased digestion = rest and digest
2096
Gag reflex - motor func
Vagus nerve - CN X
2097
Gag reflex - sensory
Glossopharyngeal - CN IX
2098
Base of the tongue: general and taste sensation
Vagus nerve
2099
The nerve that ENTERS and EXITS the skull
Spinal accessory nerve (XI)
2100
Where does the CN XI enter?
Foramen magnum
2101
Where does the CN XI exit?
Jugular foramen
2102
Muscles that are innervated by CN XI
🔹Trapezius
| 🔹Sternocleidomastoid
2103
Dse assoc with sternocleidomastoid
Torticollis aka "Wry neck"
2104
Sternocleido mastoid rotates chin towards what side
Opposite side of the body
2105
Foramen of exit of Hypoglossal nerve
Hypoglossal canal
| May sariling canal si bakla
2106
Innervates extrinsic muscles of tongue except Palatoglossus
Hypoglossal nerve
2107
Extrinsic muscles innervated by Hypoglossal nerve
Genioglossus
Styloglossus
Hyoglossus
2108
Palatoglossus is innervated by
Pharyngeal plexus (IX, X, XI)
2109
Moves tongue inferiorly and anteriorly
Genioglossus
2110
Move tongue inferiorly
Hyoglossus
2111
Moves tongue superiorly and posteriorly
Styloglossus
2112
Moves tongue superiorly towards palate and moves palate inferiorly towards tongue
Palatoglossus
2113
Longest intracranial nerve
Trochlear nerve CN IV
2114
Largest nerve supplying HEAD and NECK
Trigeminal nerve CN V
2115
What is neuralgia in CN V (trigeminal)
Tic Douloureux
2116
DOC for Tic Douloureux aka Trigeminal neuralgia
Tegretol (Carbamazepine)
2117
Largest cranial nerve supplying the Human Body
CN X - Vagus nerve
2118
Largest nerve in the human body
Sciatic nerve
2119
What is the Wandering nerve
CN X - Vagus nerve
2120
What innervates the Parotid gland
CN IX - Glossopharyngeal nerve
2121
What innervates the submandibular and sublingual glands
CN VII - Chorda tympani
2122
What cranial nerve assoc with Chorda tympani
CN VII - Facial nerve
2123
What cranial nerves with Parasympathetic innervation
Parasympathetic:
III - Pupil: Miosis = Pupillary constriction
VII - Subli/Submd = increase saliva secretion
IX - Parotid = increase saliva
X - Heart = decrease rate
GIT = increase metabolism
2124
What are the Vit K-dependent clotting factors produced by the Liver
CF II - Prothrombin
VII - Stable factor
IX - Christmas factor
X - Stuart factor
2125
CF 1
Fibrinogen
2126
CF 2
Prothrombin
2127
CF 3
Thromboplastin (Tissue factor)
2128
CF 4
Calcium
2129
CF 5
Labile factor
2130
CF 7
Stable factor
2131
CF 8
Antihemophilic factor
2132
CF 10
Stuart factor
2133
CF 11
Plasmathromboplastin Antecedent
2134
CF 12
Hagemann factor
2135
CF 13
Fibrin stabilizing factor
2136
Clotting factor deficient in Hemophilia A
CF 8 - Antihemophilic factor (8 - A - Anti)
2137
Deficient in Hemophilia B
CF 9 - Christmas factor
2138
Deficient in Hemophilia C
CF 11 - Plasma thromboplastin antecedent
2139
Most important clotting factor
CF 8 - Antihemohilic factor
2140
Cloting time
8 to 15 minutes
2141
Bleeding time
1 to 3 mins
2142
Bleeding is possible to stop even without blood clot because of
Platelet plug
2143
2 components of blood clot
Platelets and Fibrin
2144
Meshlike structure
Fibrin
2145
Electrolyte important for blot clotting
Calcium
2146
2 pathways in coagulation cascade
Intrinsic and extrinsic pathways
2147
Pathway wherein body is capable of forming blood clot without exposure to external environment
Intrinsic pathway
2148
Pathway in formation of blood clot wherein body is exposed to external environment
Extrinsic pathway
2149
Common factor of INTRINSIC and EXTRINSIC pathway
CF 10 - Stuart factor
2150
What are attached to CF 10
"CaVX"
Calcium
CF V - Labile factor
2151
Precursor of Fibrin
Fibrinogen
2152
Best to form blot clot: for clotting factors to meet
Pressure pack
2153
CaVX waits for
Prothrombin
2154
Converts Prothrombin to Thrombin
Ca V X
2155
Precursor of Thrombin
Prothrombin (II)
2156
Liver produces what clotting factor that is also the precursor of fibrin
Fibrinogen (I)
2157
Thrombin waits for what clotting factor to produce Fibrin (XIII)
CF 1 - Fibrinogen
2158
In hemophelia:
Problem?
Clotting time =
Bleeding time =
✔️Clotting time increased
| ✔️Normal bleeding time
2159
Lab test that measures how fast can the EXTRINSIC pathway activate Factor 10 (stuart factor)
"PeT"
Prothrombin time
2160
Normal PT (Prothrombin time)
PT = 9 to 13s
2161
Lab test that measures how fast can INTRINSIC pathway activate Factor X
Partial prothrombin time ("PTiT")
2162
Normal PTT (Partial thromboplastin time)
PTT = 25 to 35s
2163
Normal bleeding time
1-3s
| *boards = 2-3s*
2164
Normal platelet count
150,000-450,000 cells/mL
2165
Normal RBC count
5M cells/mL
2166
Life span of platelets
10 days
2167
Most numerous papillae
Filiform
2168
Only papillae without taste buds
Filiform
2169
Mushroom or fungus shape. Loc at the TIPS and SIDES of tongue
Fungiform
2170
Found posterolaterally of tongue
Foliate
2171
✔️Found in V shape sulcus of tongue.
✔️Largest
✔️Least numerous papillae
Circumvallate
2172
4 sensory branches of CN V3
🔹Long buccal nerve
🔹Lingual nerve
🔹IAN - mental/incisive nerve
🔹Auriculotemporal nerve
2173
4 motor branches of CN V3
TIME muscles
2174
4 other muscles that is innervated by CN V3
🔹Tensor tympani
🔹Tensor veli palatini
🔹Mylohyoid
🔹Ant belly of digastric
2175
Innervates the buccal mucosa of mandibular molars
Long buccal nerve
2176
Anterior /3 of tongue (general)
Lingual nerve
2177
Anterior 2/3 of tongue (taste)
Chorda tympani of Facial nerve (CN VII)
2178
Posterior 1/3 of tongue (general and taste)
CN IX - Glossopharyngeal
2179
Base of tongue (general and taste)
CN X - Vagus nerve
2180
Terminal branch of IAN
🔹Mental nerve (go for this✨)
| 🔹Incisive nerve
2181
Innervates the lower anterior teeth
Incisive nerve
2182
Exit of nasopalatine nerve or "Nerve of Scarpa"
Incisive foramen
2183
Innervates the TMJ and Scalp
Auriculotemporal nerve
2184
Syndrome associated with STURGE-WEBER Syndrome (Path of CN V - birthmark)
Portwine stain
2185
Other name for Sturge-Weber syndrome
Encephalogeminal Angiomatosis
2186
Is a rare congenital neurological and skin disorder. It is one of the phakomatoses and is often assoc with portwine stains of the face, glaucoma, seizures, mental retardation, and ipsilateral leptomeningeal angioma
Sturge-Weber syndrome (Encephalotrigeminal angiomatosis)
2187
Foramen of exit of Abducens nerve (CN VI)
SOF
2188
What muscle is innervated by CN VI
Lateral rectus of the eye
2189
Foramen exit of Facial nerve
Stylomastoid foramen
2190
Control scalp muscles around ear
Auricular nerve (Facial nerve)
2191
Innervates the Posterior belly of Digastric
Facial nerve
2192
5 major branches in Parotid gland (Facial nerve)
"The Zebra Bump My Car"
```
Temporal
Zygomatic
Buccal
Mandibular
Cervical
```
2193
What innervates the Parotid gland
CN IX - Glossopharyngeal nerve
2194
Parasympathetic innervation of Facial nerve (Chroda tympani)
Submandibular and sublingual gland
2195
3 other names for CN VIII
🔹Vestibulocochlear nerve
🔹Acoustic nerve
🔹Auditory nerve
2196
Foramen of exit of CN VIII - Vestibulocochlear nerve
Internal acoustic meatus
2197
Nerve for sense of Hearing
Vestibulocochlear nerve
2198
3 parts of the outer ear
🔹Auricle
🔹Ear canal
🔹Tympanic membrane/Eardrum
2199
Examples of Elastic Cartilages
🔹Pinna/Auricle
🔹Epiglottis
🔹Eustachian tube
2200
What is found in the middle ear
🔹Auditory Ossicles
| 🔹Eustachian tube
2201
What structures are found in the inner ear
🔹Cochlea
| 🔹Semicircular canals
2202
Receptor organ for hearing
Organ of corti
2203
Sensory receptors for hearing
"Hair-ing"
Hair cells
2204
Contains semicircular fluids for balance
Semicircular canals
2205
Foramen of exit of CN IX - Glossopharyngeal nerve
Jugular foramen
2206
Nerves that exits in the Jugular foramen
IX - Glossopharyngeal
X - vagus
X - Spinal accessory nerve
2207
Parasympathetic innervation of Glossopharyngeal nerve
Parotid gland
2208
General and taste sensation of Posterior 1/3 of the tongue
Glssopharyngeal (CN IX)
2209
Nerves involved in the Pharyngeal plexus
IX
X
XI
2210
Innervates all muscles of Palate and Pharynx
Pharyngeal plexus
2211
2 exceptions of Pharyngeal plexus
🔹Tensor veli palatini (V3)
| 🔹Stylopharyngeus (IX)
2212
Innervates the superior pharyngeal constrictor
Pharyngeal plexus
2213
Foramen of exit of CN X - Vagus nerve
Jugular foramen
2214
Vagus nerve has parasympathetic innervation of what organs
```
🔹Heart
🔹Lungs
🔹Digestive tract (stomach, intestines)
🔹Kidney
🔹Liver
```
2215
If you cut the vagus nerve, what happens to the heart's function
Increase force of contraction and heart rate
2216
Parasympathetic innervation of vagus nerve to heart =
Decrease force of contraction and heart rate
"VAGUS ang nag papaVAGAL ng heart"
2217
Once you cut the vagus nerve, digestive tract =
Slow or decreased digestion
| kasi parasympathetic func sa stomach is increased digestion = rest and digest
2218
Gag reflex - motor func
Vagus nerve - CN X
2219
Gag reflex - sensory
Glossopharyngeal - CN IX
2220
Base of the tongue: general and taste sensation
Vagus nerve
2221
The nerve that ENTERS and EXITS the skull
Spinal accessory nerve (XI)
2222
Where does the CN XI enter?
Foramen magnum
2223
Where does the CN XI exit?
Jugular foramen
2224
Muscles that are innervated by CN XI
🔹Trapezius
| 🔹Sternocleidomastoid
2225
Dse assoc with sternocleidomastoid
Torticollis aka "Wry neck"
2226
Sternocleido mastoid rotates chin towards what side
Opposite side of the body
2227
Foramen of exit of Hypoglossal nerve
Hypoglossal canal
| May sariling canal si bakla
2228
Innervates extrinsic muscles of tongue except Palatoglossus
Hypoglossal nerve
2229
Extrinsic muscles innervated by Hypoglossal nerve
Genioglossus
Styloglossus
Hyoglossus
2230
Palatoglossus is innervated by
Pharyngeal plexus (IX, X, XI)
2231
Moves tongue inferiorly and anteriorly
Genioglossus
2232
Move tongue inferiorly
Hyoglossus
2233
Moves tongue superiorly and posteriorly
Styloglossus
2234
Moves tongue superiorly towards palate and moves palate inferiorly towards tongue
Palatoglossus
2235
Longest intracranial nerve
Trochlear nerve CN IV
2236
Largest nerve supplying HEAD and NECK
Trigeminal nerve CN V
2237
What is neuralgia in CN V (trigeminal)
Tic Douloureux
2238
DOC for Tic Douloureux aka Trigeminal neuralgia
Tegretol (Carbamazepine)
2239
Largest cranial nerve supplying the Human Body
CN X - Vagus nerve
2240
Largest nerve in the human body
Sciatic nerve
2241
What is the Wandering nerve
CN X - Vagus nerve
2242
What innervates the Parotid gland
CN IX - Glossopharyngeal nerve
2243
What innervates the submandibular and sublingual glands
CN VII - Chorda tympani
2244
What cranial nerve assoc with Chorda tympani
CN VII - Facial nerve
2245
What cranial nerves with Parasympathetic innervation
Parasympathetic:
III - Pupil: Miosis = Pupillary constriction
VII - Subli/Submd = increase saliva secretion
IX - Parotid = increase saliva
X - Heart = decrease rate
GIT = increase metabolism
2246
What are the Vit K-dependent clotting factors produced by the Liver
CF II - Prothrombin
VII - Stable factor
IX - Christmas factor
X - Stuart factor
2247
CF 1
Fibrinogen
2248
CF 2
Prothrombin
2249
CF 3
Thromboplastin (Tissue factor)
2250
CF 4
Calcium
2251
CF 5
Labile factor
2252
CF 7
Stable factor
2253
CF 8
Antihemophilic factor
2254
CF 10
Stuart factor
2255
CF 11
Plasmathromboplastin Antecedent
2256
CF 12
Hagemann factor
2257
CF 13
Fibrin stabilizing factor
2258
Clotting factor deficient in Hemophilia A
CF 8 - Antihemophilic factor (8 - A - Anti)
2259
Deficient in Hemophilia B
CF 9 - Christmas factor
2260
Deficient in Hemophilia C
CF 11 - Plasma thromboplastin antecedent
2261
Most important clotting factor
CF 8 - Antihemohilic factor
2262
Cloting time
8 to 15 minutes
2263
Bleeding time
1 to 3 mins
2264
Bleeding is possible to stop even without blood clot because of
Platelet plug
2265
2 components of blood clot
Platelets and Fibrin
2266
Meshlike structure
Fibrin
2267
Electrolyte important for blot clotting
Calcium
2268
2 pathways in coagulation cascade
Intrinsic and extrinsic pathways
2269
Pathway wherein body is capable of forming blood clot without exposure to external environment
Intrinsic pathway
2270
Pathway in formation of blood clot wherein body is exposed to external environment
Extrinsic pathway
2271
Common factor of INTRINSIC and EXTRINSIC pathway
CF 10 - Stuart factor
2272
What are attached to CF 10
"CaVX"
Calcium
CF V - Labile factor
2273
Precursor of Fibrin
Fibrinogen
2274
Best to form blot clot: for clotting factors to meet
Pressure pack
2275
CaVX waits for
Prothrombin
2276
Converts Prothrombin to Thrombin
Ca V X
2277
Precursor of Thrombin
Prothrombin (II)
2278
Liver produces what clotting factor that is also the precursor of fibrin
Fibrinogen (I)
2279
Thrombin waits for what clotting factor to produce Fibrin (XIII)
CF 1 - Fibrinogen
2280
In hemophelia:
Problem?
Clotting time =
Bleeding time =
✔️Clotting time increased
| ✔️Normal bleeding time
2281
Lab test that measures how fast can the EXTRINSIC pathway activate Factor 10 (stuart factor)
"PeT"
Prothrombin time
2282
Normal PT (Prothrombin time)
PT = 9 to 13s
2283
Lab test that measures how fast can INTRINSIC pathway activate Factor X
Partial prothrombin time ("PTiT")
2284
Normal PTT (Partial thromboplastin time)
PTT = 25 to 35s
2285
Normal bleeding time
1-3s
| *boards = 2-3s*
2286
Normal platelet count
150,000-450,000 cells/mL
2287
Normal RBC count
5M cells/mL
2288
Life span of platelets
10 days
2289
Most numerous papillae
Filiform
2290
Only papillae without taste buds
Filiform
2291
Mushroom or fungus shape. Loc at the TIPS and SIDES of tongue
Fungiform
2292
Found posterolaterally of tongue
Foliate
2293
✔️Found in V shape sulcus of tongue.
✔️Largest
✔️Least numerous papillae
Circumvallate
2294
4 sensory branches of CN V3
🔹Long buccal nerve
🔹Lingual nerve
🔹IAN - mental/incisive nerve
🔹Auriculotemporal nerve
2295
4 motor branches of CN V3
TIME muscles
2296
4 other muscles that is innervated by CN V3
🔹Tensor tympani
🔹Tensor veli palatini
🔹Mylohyoid
🔹Ant belly of digastric
2297
Innervates the buccal mucosa of mandibular molars
Long buccal nerve
2298
Anterior /3 of tongue (general)
Lingual nerve
2299
Anterior 2/3 of tongue (taste)
Chorda tympani of Facial nerve (CN VII)
2300
Posterior 1/3 of tongue (general and taste)
CN IX - Glossopharyngeal
2301
Base of tongue (general and taste)
CN X - Vagus nerve
2302
Terminal branch of IAN
🔹Mental nerve (go for this✨)
| 🔹Incisive nerve
2303
Innervates the lower anterior teeth
Incisive nerve
2304
Exit of nasopalatine nerve or "Nerve of Scarpa"
Incisive foramen
2305
Innervates the TMJ and Scalp
Auriculotemporal nerve
2306
Syndrome associated with STURGE-WEBER Syndrome (Path of CN V - birthmark)
Portwine stain
2307
Other name for Sturge-Weber syndrome
Encephalogeminal Angiomatosis
2308
Is a rare congenital neurological and skin disorder. It is one of the phakomatoses and is often assoc with portwine stains of the face, glaucoma, seizures, mental retardation, and ipsilateral leptomeningeal angioma
Sturge-Weber syndrome (Encephalotrigeminal angiomatosis)
2309
Foramen of exit of Abducens nerve (CN VI)
SOF
2310
What muscle is innervated by CN VI
Lateral rectus of the eye
2311
Foramen exit of Facial nerve
Stylomastoid foramen
2312
Control scalp muscles around ear
Auricular nerve (Facial nerve)
2313
Innervates the Posterior belly of Digastric
Facial nerve
2314
5 major branches in Parotid gland (Facial nerve)
"The Zebra Bump My Car"
```
Temporal
Zygomatic
Buccal
Mandibular
Cervical
```
2315
What innervates the Parotid gland
CN IX - Glossopharyngeal nerve
2316
Parasympathetic innervation of Facial nerve (Chroda tympani)
Submandibular and sublingual gland
2317
3 other names for CN VIII
🔹Vestibulocochlear nerve
🔹Acoustic nerve
🔹Auditory nerve
2318
Foramen of exit of CN VIII - Vestibulocochlear nerve
Internal acoustic meatus
2319
Nerve for sense of Hearing
Vestibulocochlear nerve
2320
3 parts of the outer ear
🔹Auricle
🔹Ear canal
🔹Tympanic membrane/Eardrum
2321
Examples of Elastic Cartilages
🔹Pinna/Auricle
🔹Epiglottis
🔹Eustachian tube
2322
What is found in the middle ear
🔹Auditory Ossicles
| 🔹Eustachian tube
2323
What structures are found in the inner ear
🔹Cochlea
| 🔹Semicircular canals
2324
Receptor organ for hearing
Organ of corti
2325
Sensory receptors for hearing
"Hair-ing"
Hair cells
2326
Contains semicircular fluids for balance
Semicircular canals
2327
Foramen of exit of CN IX - Glossopharyngeal nerve
Jugular foramen
2328
Nerves that exits in the Jugular foramen
IX - Glossopharyngeal
X - vagus
X - Spinal accessory nerve
2329
Parasympathetic innervation of Glossopharyngeal nerve
Parotid gland
2330
General and taste sensation of Posterior 1/3 of the tongue
Glssopharyngeal (CN IX)
2331
Nerves involved in the Pharyngeal plexus
IX
X
XI
2332
Innervates all muscles of Palate and Pharynx
Pharyngeal plexus
2333
2 exceptions of Pharyngeal plexus
🔹Tensor veli palatini (V3)
| 🔹Stylopharyngeus (IX)
2334
Innervates the superior pharyngeal constrictor
Pharyngeal plexus
2335
Foramen of exit of CN X - Vagus nerve
Jugular foramen
2336
Vagus nerve has parasympathetic innervation of what organs
```
🔹Heart
🔹Lungs
🔹Digestive tract (stomach, intestines)
🔹Kidney
🔹Liver
```
2337
If you cut the vagus nerve, what happens to the heart's function
Increase force of contraction and heart rate
2338
Parasympathetic innervation of vagus nerve to heart =
Decrease force of contraction and heart rate
"VAGUS ang nag papaVAGAL ng heart"
2339
Once you cut the vagus nerve, digestive tract =
Slow or decreased digestion
| kasi parasympathetic func sa stomach is increased digestion = rest and digest
2340
Gag reflex - motor func
Vagus nerve - CN X
2341
Gag reflex - sensory
Glossopharyngeal - CN IX
2342
Base of the tongue: general and taste sensation
Vagus nerve
2343
The nerve that ENTERS and EXITS the skull
Spinal accessory nerve (XI)
2344
Where does the CN XI enter?
Foramen magnum
2345
Where does the CN XI exit?
Jugular foramen
2346
Muscles that are innervated by CN XI
🔹Trapezius
| 🔹Sternocleidomastoid
2347
Dse assoc with sternocleidomastoid
Torticollis aka "Wry neck"
2348
Sternocleido mastoid rotates chin towards what side
Opposite side of the body
2349
Foramen of exit of Hypoglossal nerve
Hypoglossal canal
| May sariling canal si bakla
2350
Innervates extrinsic muscles of tongue except Palatoglossus
Hypoglossal nerve
2351
Extrinsic muscles innervated by Hypoglossal nerve
Genioglossus
Styloglossus
Hyoglossus
2352
Palatoglossus is innervated by
Pharyngeal plexus (IX, X, XI)
2353
Moves tongue inferiorly and anteriorly
Genioglossus
2354
Move tongue inferiorly
Hyoglossus
2355
Moves tongue superiorly and posteriorly
Styloglossus
2356
Moves tongue superiorly towards palate and moves palate inferiorly towards tongue
Palatoglossus
2357
Longest intracranial nerve
Trochlear nerve CN IV
2358
Largest nerve supplying HEAD and NECK
Trigeminal nerve CN V
2359
What is neuralgia in CN V (trigeminal)
Tic Douloureux
2360
DOC for Tic Douloureux aka Trigeminal neuralgia
Tegretol (Carbamazepine)
2361
Largest cranial nerve supplying the Human Body
CN X - Vagus nerve
2362
Largest nerve in the human body
Sciatic nerve
2363
What is the Wandering nerve
CN X - Vagus nerve
2364
What innervates the Parotid gland
CN IX - Glossopharyngeal nerve
2365
What innervates the submandibular and sublingual glands
CN VII - Chorda tympani
2366
What cranial nerve assoc with Chorda tympani
CN VII - Facial nerve
2367
What cranial nerves with Parasympathetic innervation
Parasympathetic:
III - Pupil: Miosis = Pupillary constriction
VII - Subli/Submd = increase saliva secretion
IX - Parotid = increase saliva
X - Heart = decrease rate
GIT = increase metabolism
2368
What are the Vit K-dependent clotting factors produced by the Liver
CF II - Prothrombin
VII - Stable factor
IX - Christmas factor
X - Stuart factor
2369
CF 1
Fibrinogen
2370
CF 2
Prothrombin
2371
CF 3
Thromboplastin (Tissue factor)
2372
CF 4
Calcium
2373
CF 5
Labile factor
2374
CF 7
Stable factor
2375
CF 8
Antihemophilic factor
2376
CF 10
Stuart factor
2377
CF 11
Plasmathromboplastin Antecedent
2378
CF 12
Hagemann factor
2379
CF 13
Fibrin stabilizing factor
2380
Clotting factor deficient in Hemophilia A
CF 8 - Antihemophilic factor (8 - A - Anti)
2381
Deficient in Hemophilia B
CF 9 - Christmas factor
2382
Deficient in Hemophilia C
CF 11 - Plasma thromboplastin antecedent
2383
Most important clotting factor
CF 8 - Antihemohilic factor
2384
Cloting time
8 to 15 minutes
2385
Bleeding time
1 to 3 mins
2386
Bleeding is possible to stop even without blood clot because of
Platelet plug
2387
2 components of blood clot
Platelets and Fibrin
2388
Meshlike structure
Fibrin
2389
Electrolyte important for blot clotting
Calcium
2390
2 pathways in coagulation cascade
Intrinsic and extrinsic pathways
2391
Pathway wherein body is capable of forming blood clot without exposure to external environment
Intrinsic pathway
2392
Pathway in formation of blood clot wherein body is exposed to external environment
Extrinsic pathway
2393
Common factor of INTRINSIC and EXTRINSIC pathway
CF 10 - Stuart factor
2394
What are attached to CF 10
"CaVX"
Calcium
CF V - Labile factor
2395
Precursor of Fibrin
Fibrinogen
2396
Best to form blot clot: for clotting factors to meet
Pressure pack
2397
CaVX waits for
Prothrombin
2398
Converts Prothrombin to Thrombin
Ca V X
2399
Precursor of Thrombin
Prothrombin (II)
2400
Liver produces what clotting factor that is also the precursor of fibrin
Fibrinogen (I)
2401
Thrombin waits for what clotting factor to produce Fibrin (XIII)
CF 1 - Fibrinogen
2402
In hemophelia:
Problem?
Clotting time =
Bleeding time =
✔️Clotting time increased
| ✔️Normal bleeding time
2403
Lab test that measures how fast can the EXTRINSIC pathway activate Factor 10 (stuart factor)
"PeT"
Prothrombin time
2404
Normal PT (Prothrombin time)
PT = 9 to 13s
2405
Lab test that measures how fast can INTRINSIC pathway activate Factor X
Partial prothrombin time ("PTiT")
2406
Normal PTT (Partial thromboplastin time)
PTT = 25 to 35s
2407
Normal bleeding time
1-3s
| *boards = 2-3s*
2408
Normal platelet count
150,000-450,000 cells/mL
2409
Normal RBC count
5M cells/mL
2410
Life span of platelets
10 days
2411
Most numerous papillae
Filiform
2412
Only papillae without taste buds
Filiform
2413
Mushroom or fungus shape. Loc at the TIPS and SIDES of tongue
Fungiform
2414
Found posterolaterally of tongue
Foliate
2415
✔️Found in V shape sulcus of tongue.
✔️Largest
✔️Least numerous papillae
Circumvallate
2416
4 sensory branches of CN V3
🔹Long buccal nerve
🔹Lingual nerve
🔹IAN - mental/incisive nerve
🔹Auriculotemporal nerve
2417
4 motor branches of CN V3
TIME muscles
2418
4 other muscles that is innervated by CN V3
🔹Tensor tympani
🔹Tensor veli palatini
🔹Mylohyoid
🔹Ant belly of digastric
2419
Innervates the buccal mucosa of mandibular molars
Long buccal nerve
2420
Anterior /3 of tongue (general)
Lingual nerve
2421
Anterior 2/3 of tongue (taste)
Chorda tympani of Facial nerve (CN VII)
2422
Posterior 1/3 of tongue (general and taste)
CN IX - Glossopharyngeal
2423
Base of tongue (general and taste)
CN X - Vagus nerve
2424
Terminal branch of IAN
🔹Mental nerve (go for this✨)
| 🔹Incisive nerve
2425
Innervates the lower anterior teeth
Incisive nerve
2426
Exit of nasopalatine nerve or "Nerve of Scarpa"
Incisive foramen
2427
Innervates the TMJ and Scalp
Auriculotemporal nerve
2428
Syndrome associated with STURGE-WEBER Syndrome (Path of CN V - birthmark)
Portwine stain
2429
Other name for Sturge-Weber syndrome
Encephalogeminal Angiomatosis
2430
Is a rare congenital neurological and skin disorder. It is one of the phakomatoses and is often assoc with portwine stains of the face, glaucoma, seizures, mental retardation, and ipsilateral leptomeningeal angioma
Sturge-Weber syndrome (Encephalotrigeminal angiomatosis)
2431
Foramen of exit of Abducens nerve (CN VI)
SOF
2432
What muscle is innervated by CN VI
Lateral rectus of the eye
2433
Foramen exit of Facial nerve
Stylomastoid foramen
2434
Control scalp muscles around ear
Auricular nerve (Facial nerve)
2435
Innervates the Posterior belly of Digastric
Facial nerve
2436
5 major branches in Parotid gland (Facial nerve)
"The Zebra Bump My Car"
```
Temporal
Zygomatic
Buccal
Mandibular
Cervical
```
2437
What innervates the Parotid gland
CN IX - Glossopharyngeal nerve
2438
Parasympathetic innervation of Facial nerve (Chroda tympani)
Submandibular and sublingual gland
2439
3 other names for CN VIII
🔹Vestibulocochlear nerve
🔹Acoustic nerve
🔹Auditory nerve
2440
Foramen of exit of CN VIII - Vestibulocochlear nerve
Internal acoustic meatus
2441
Nerve for sense of Hearing
Vestibulocochlear nerve
2442
3 parts of the outer ear
🔹Auricle
🔹Ear canal
🔹Tympanic membrane/Eardrum
2443
Examples of Elastic Cartilages
🔹Pinna/Auricle
🔹Epiglottis
🔹Eustachian tube
2444
What is found in the middle ear
🔹Auditory Ossicles
| 🔹Eustachian tube
2445
What structures are found in the inner ear
🔹Cochlea
| 🔹Semicircular canals
2446
Receptor organ for hearing
Organ of corti
2447
Sensory receptors for hearing
"Hair-ing"
Hair cells
2448
Contains semicircular fluids for balance
Semicircular canals
2449
Foramen of exit of CN IX - Glossopharyngeal nerve
Jugular foramen
2450
Nerves that exits in the Jugular foramen
IX - Glossopharyngeal
X - vagus
X - Spinal accessory nerve
2451
Parasympathetic innervation of Glossopharyngeal nerve
Parotid gland
2452
General and taste sensation of Posterior 1/3 of the tongue
Glssopharyngeal (CN IX)
2453
Nerves involved in the Pharyngeal plexus
IX
X
XI
2454
Innervates all muscles of Palate and Pharynx
Pharyngeal plexus
2455
2 exceptions of Pharyngeal plexus
🔹Tensor veli palatini (V3)
| 🔹Stylopharyngeus (IX)
2456
Innervates the superior pharyngeal constrictor
Pharyngeal plexus
2457
Foramen of exit of CN X - Vagus nerve
Jugular foramen
2458
Vagus nerve has parasympathetic innervation of what organs
```
🔹Heart
🔹Lungs
🔹Digestive tract (stomach, intestines)
🔹Kidney
🔹Liver
```
2459
If you cut the vagus nerve, what happens to the heart's function
Increase force of contraction and heart rate
2460
Parasympathetic innervation of vagus nerve to heart =
Decrease force of contraction and heart rate
"VAGUS ang nag papaVAGAL ng heart"
2461
Once you cut the vagus nerve, digestive tract =
Slow or decreased digestion
| kasi parasympathetic func sa stomach is increased digestion = rest and digest
2462
Gag reflex - motor func
Vagus nerve - CN X
2463
Gag reflex - sensory
Glossopharyngeal - CN IX
2464
Base of the tongue: general and taste sensation
Vagus nerve
2465
The nerve that ENTERS and EXITS the skull
Spinal accessory nerve (XI)
2466
Where does the CN XI enter?
Foramen magnum
2467
Where does the CN XI exit?
Jugular foramen
2468
Muscles that are innervated by CN XI
🔹Trapezius
| 🔹Sternocleidomastoid
2469
Dse assoc with sternocleidomastoid
Torticollis aka "Wry neck"
2470
Sternocleido mastoid rotates chin towards what side
Opposite side of the body
2471
Foramen of exit of Hypoglossal nerve
Hypoglossal canal
| May sariling canal si bakla
2472
Innervates extrinsic muscles of tongue except Palatoglossus
Hypoglossal nerve
2473
Extrinsic muscles innervated by Hypoglossal nerve
Genioglossus
Styloglossus
Hyoglossus
2474
Palatoglossus is innervated by
Pharyngeal plexus (IX, X, XI)
2475
Moves tongue inferiorly and anteriorly
Genioglossus
2476
Move tongue inferiorly
Hyoglossus
2477
Moves tongue superiorly and posteriorly
Styloglossus
2478
Moves tongue superiorly towards palate and moves palate inferiorly towards tongue
Palatoglossus
2479
Longest intracranial nerve
Trochlear nerve CN IV
2480
Largest nerve supplying HEAD and NECK
Trigeminal nerve CN V
2481
What is neuralgia in CN V (trigeminal)
Tic Douloureux
2482
DOC for Tic Douloureux aka Trigeminal neuralgia
Tegretol (Carbamazepine)
2483
Largest cranial nerve supplying the Human Body
CN X - Vagus nerve
2484
Largest nerve in the human body
Sciatic nerve
2485
What is the Wandering nerve
CN X - Vagus nerve
2486
What innervates the Parotid gland
CN IX - Glossopharyngeal nerve
2487
What innervates the submandibular and sublingual glands
CN VII - Chorda tympani
2488
What cranial nerve assoc with Chorda tympani
CN VII - Facial nerve
2489
What cranial nerves with Parasympathetic innervation
Parasympathetic:
III - Pupil: Miosis = Pupillary constriction
VII - Subli/Submd = increase saliva secretion
IX - Parotid = increase saliva
X - Heart = decrease rate
GIT = increase metabolism
2490
What are the Vit K-dependent clotting factors produced by the Liver
CF II - Prothrombin
VII - Stable factor
IX - Christmas factor
X - Stuart factor
2491
CF 1
Fibrinogen
2492
CF 2
Prothrombin
2493
CF 3
Thromboplastin (Tissue factor)
2494
CF 4
Calcium
2495
CF 5
Labile factor
2496
CF 7
Stable factor
2497
CF 8
Antihemophilic factor
2498
CF 10
Stuart factor
2499
CF 11
Plasmathromboplastin Antecedent
2500
CF 12
Hagemann factor
2501
CF 13
Fibrin stabilizing factor
2502
Clotting factor deficient in Hemophilia A
CF 8 - Antihemophilic factor (8 - A - Anti)
2503
Deficient in Hemophilia B
CF 9 - Christmas factor
2504
Deficient in Hemophilia C
CF 11 - Plasma thromboplastin antecedent
2505
Most important clotting factor
CF 8 - Antihemohilic factor
2506
Cloting time
8 to 15 minutes
2507
Bleeding time
1 to 3 mins
2508
Bleeding is possible to stop even without blood clot because of
Platelet plug
2509
2 components of blood clot
Platelets and Fibrin
2510
Meshlike structure
Fibrin
2511
Electrolyte important for blot clotting
Calcium
2512
2 pathways in coagulation cascade
Intrinsic and extrinsic pathways
2513
Pathway wherein body is capable of forming blood clot without exposure to external environment
Intrinsic pathway
2514
Pathway in formation of blood clot wherein body is exposed to external environment
Extrinsic pathway
2515
Common factor of INTRINSIC and EXTRINSIC pathway
CF 10 - Stuart factor
2516
What are attached to CF 10
"CaVX"
Calcium
CF V - Labile factor
2517
Precursor of Fibrin
Fibrinogen
2518
Best to form blot clot: for clotting factors to meet
Pressure pack
2519
CaVX waits for
Prothrombin
2520
Converts Prothrombin to Thrombin
Ca V X
2521
Precursor of Thrombin
Prothrombin (II)
2522
Liver produces what clotting factor that is also the precursor of fibrin
Fibrinogen (I)
2523
Thrombin waits for what clotting factor to produce Fibrin (XIII)
CF 1 - Fibrinogen
2524
In hemophelia:
Problem?
Clotting time =
Bleeding time =
✔️Clotting time increased
| ✔️Normal bleeding time
2525
Lab test that measures how fast can the EXTRINSIC pathway activate Factor 10 (stuart factor)
"PeT"
Prothrombin time
2526
Normal PT (Prothrombin time)
PT = 9 to 13s
2527
Lab test that measures how fast can INTRINSIC pathway activate Factor X
Partial prothrombin time ("PTiT")
2528
Normal PTT (Partial thromboplastin time)
PTT = 25 to 35s
2529
Normal bleeding time
1-3s
| *boards = 2-3s*
2530
Normal platelet count
150,000-450,000 cells/mL
2531
Normal RBC count
5M cells/mL
2532
Life span of platelets
10 days
2533
Most numerous papillae
Filiform
2534
Only papillae without taste buds
Filiform
2535
Mushroom or fungus shape. Loc at the TIPS and SIDES of tongue
Fungiform
2536
Found posterolaterally of tongue
Foliate
2537
✔️Found in V shape sulcus of tongue.
✔️Largest
✔️Least numerous papillae
Circumvallate
2538
4 sensory branches of CN V3
🔹Long buccal nerve
🔹Lingual nerve
🔹IAN - mental/incisive nerve
🔹Auriculotemporal nerve
2539
4 motor branches of CN V3
TIME muscles
2540
4 other muscles that is innervated by CN V3
🔹Tensor tympani
🔹Tensor veli palatini
🔹Mylohyoid
🔹Ant belly of digastric
2541
Innervates the buccal mucosa of mandibular molars
Long buccal nerve
2542
Anterior /3 of tongue (general)
Lingual nerve
2543
Anterior 2/3 of tongue (taste)
Chorda tympani of Facial nerve (CN VII)
2544
Posterior 1/3 of tongue (general and taste)
CN IX - Glossopharyngeal
2545
Base of tongue (general and taste)
CN X - Vagus nerve
2546
Terminal branch of IAN
🔹Mental nerve (go for this✨)
| 🔹Incisive nerve
2547
Innervates the lower anterior teeth
Incisive nerve
2548
Exit of nasopalatine nerve or "Nerve of Scarpa"
Incisive foramen
2549
Innervates the TMJ and Scalp
Auriculotemporal nerve
2550
Syndrome associated with STURGE-WEBER Syndrome (Path of CN V - birthmark)
Portwine stain
2551
Other name for Sturge-Weber syndrome
Encephalogeminal Angiomatosis
2552
Is a rare congenital neurological and skin disorder. It is one of the phakomatoses and is often assoc with portwine stains of the face, glaucoma, seizures, mental retardation, and ipsilateral leptomeningeal angioma
Sturge-Weber syndrome (Encephalotrigeminal angiomatosis)
2553
Foramen of exit of Abducens nerve (CN VI)
SOF
2554
What muscle is innervated by CN VI
Lateral rectus of the eye
2555
Foramen exit of Facial nerve
Stylomastoid foramen
2556
Control scalp muscles around ear
Auricular nerve (Facial nerve)
2557
Innervates the Posterior belly of Digastric
Facial nerve
2558
5 major branches in Parotid gland (Facial nerve)
"The Zebra Bump My Car"
```
Temporal
Zygomatic
Buccal
Mandibular
Cervical
```
2559
What innervates the Parotid gland
CN IX - Glossopharyngeal nerve
2560
Parasympathetic innervation of Facial nerve (Chroda tympani)
Submandibular and sublingual gland
2561
3 other names for CN VIII
🔹Vestibulocochlear nerve
🔹Acoustic nerve
🔹Auditory nerve
2562
Foramen of exit of CN VIII - Vestibulocochlear nerve
Internal acoustic meatus
2563
Nerve for sense of Hearing
Vestibulocochlear nerve
2564
3 parts of the outer ear
🔹Auricle
🔹Ear canal
🔹Tympanic membrane/Eardrum
2565
Examples of Elastic Cartilages
🔹Pinna/Auricle
🔹Epiglottis
🔹Eustachian tube
2566
What is found in the middle ear
🔹Auditory Ossicles
| 🔹Eustachian tube
2567
What structures are found in the inner ear
🔹Cochlea
| 🔹Semicircular canals
2568
Receptor organ for hearing
Organ of corti
2569
Sensory receptors for hearing
"Hair-ing"
Hair cells
2570
Contains semicircular fluids for balance
Semicircular canals
2571
Foramen of exit of CN IX - Glossopharyngeal nerve
Jugular foramen
2572
Nerves that exits in the Jugular foramen
IX - Glossopharyngeal
X - vagus
X - Spinal accessory nerve
2573
Parasympathetic innervation of Glossopharyngeal nerve
Parotid gland
2574
General and taste sensation of Posterior 1/3 of the tongue
Glssopharyngeal (CN IX)
2575
Nerves involved in the Pharyngeal plexus
IX
X
XI
2576
Innervates all muscles of Palate and Pharynx
Pharyngeal plexus
2577
2 exceptions of Pharyngeal plexus
🔹Tensor veli palatini (V3)
| 🔹Stylopharyngeus (IX)
2578
Innervates the superior pharyngeal constrictor
Pharyngeal plexus
2579
Foramen of exit of CN X - Vagus nerve
Jugular foramen
2580
Vagus nerve has parasympathetic innervation of what organs
```
🔹Heart
🔹Lungs
🔹Digestive tract (stomach, intestines)
🔹Kidney
🔹Liver
```
2581
If you cut the vagus nerve, what happens to the heart's function
Increase force of contraction and heart rate
2582
Parasympathetic innervation of vagus nerve to heart =
Decrease force of contraction and heart rate
"VAGUS ang nag papaVAGAL ng heart"
2583
Once you cut the vagus nerve, digestive tract =
Slow or decreased digestion
| kasi parasympathetic func sa stomach is increased digestion = rest and digest
2584
Gag reflex - motor func
Vagus nerve - CN X
2585
Gag reflex - sensory
Glossopharyngeal - CN IX
2586
Base of the tongue: general and taste sensation
Vagus nerve
2587
The nerve that ENTERS and EXITS the skull
Spinal accessory nerve (XI)
2588
Where does the CN XI enter?
Foramen magnum
2589
Where does the CN XI exit?
Jugular foramen
2590
Muscles that are innervated by CN XI
🔹Trapezius
| 🔹Sternocleidomastoid
2591
Dse assoc with sternocleidomastoid
Torticollis aka "Wry neck"
2592
Sternocleido mastoid rotates chin towards what side
Opposite side of the body
2593
Foramen of exit of Hypoglossal nerve
Hypoglossal canal
| May sariling canal si bakla
2594
Innervates extrinsic muscles of tongue except Palatoglossus
Hypoglossal nerve
2595
Extrinsic muscles innervated by Hypoglossal nerve
Genioglossus
Styloglossus
Hyoglossus
2596
Palatoglossus is innervated by
Pharyngeal plexus (IX, X, XI)
2597
Moves tongue inferiorly and anteriorly
Genioglossus
2598
Move tongue inferiorly
Hyoglossus
2599
Moves tongue superiorly and posteriorly
Styloglossus
2600
Moves tongue superiorly towards palate and moves palate inferiorly towards tongue
Palatoglossus
2601
Longest intracranial nerve
Trochlear nerve CN IV
2602
Largest nerve supplying HEAD and NECK
Trigeminal nerve CN V
2603
What is neuralgia in CN V (trigeminal)
Tic Douloureux
2604
DOC for Tic Douloureux aka Trigeminal neuralgia
Tegretol (Carbamazepine)
2605
Largest cranial nerve supplying the Human Body
CN X - Vagus nerve
2606
Largest nerve in the human body
Sciatic nerve
2607
What is the Wandering nerve
CN X - Vagus nerve
2608
What innervates the Parotid gland
CN IX - Glossopharyngeal nerve
2609
What innervates the submandibular and sublingual glands
CN VII - Chorda tympani
2610
What cranial nerve assoc with Chorda tympani
CN VII - Facial nerve
2611
What cranial nerves with Parasympathetic innervation
Parasympathetic:
III - Pupil: Miosis = Pupillary constriction
VII - Subli/Submd = increase saliva secretion
IX - Parotid = increase saliva
X - Heart = decrease rate
GIT = increase metabolism
2612
What are the Vit K-dependent clotting factors produced by the Liver
CF II - Prothrombin
VII - Stable factor
IX - Christmas factor
X - Stuart factor
2613
CF 1
Fibrinogen
2614
CF 2
Prothrombin
2615
CF 3
Thromboplastin (Tissue factor)
2616
CF 4
Calcium
2617
CF 5
Labile factor
2618
CF 7
Stable factor
2619
CF 8
Antihemophilic factor
2620
CF 10
Stuart factor
2621
CF 11
Plasmathromboplastin Antecedent
2622
CF 12
Hagemann factor
2623
CF 13
Fibrin stabilizing factor
2624
Clotting factor deficient in Hemophilia A
CF 8 - Antihemophilic factor (8 - A - Anti)
2625
Deficient in Hemophilia B
CF 9 - Christmas factor
2626
Deficient in Hemophilia C
CF 11 - Plasma thromboplastin antecedent
2627
Most important clotting factor
CF 8 - Antihemohilic factor
2628
Cloting time
8 to 15 minutes
2629
Bleeding time
1 to 3 mins
2630
Bleeding is possible to stop even without blood clot because of
Platelet plug
2631
2 components of blood clot
Platelets and Fibrin
2632
Meshlike structure
Fibrin
2633
Electrolyte important for blot clotting
Calcium
2634
2 pathways in coagulation cascade
Intrinsic and extrinsic pathways
2635
Pathway wherein body is capable of forming blood clot without exposure to external environment
Intrinsic pathway
2636
Pathway in formation of blood clot wherein body is exposed to external environment
Extrinsic pathway
2637
Common factor of INTRINSIC and EXTRINSIC pathway
CF 10 - Stuart factor
2638
What are attached to CF 10
"CaVX"
Calcium
CF V - Labile factor
2639
Precursor of Fibrin
Fibrinogen
2640
Best to form blot clot: for clotting factors to meet
Pressure pack
2641
CaVX waits for
Prothrombin
2642
Converts Prothrombin to Thrombin
Ca V X
2643
Precursor of Thrombin
Prothrombin (II)
2644
Liver produces what clotting factor that is also the precursor of fibrin
Fibrinogen (I)
2645
Thrombin waits for what clotting factor to produce Fibrin (XIII)
CF 1 - Fibrinogen
2646
In hemophelia:
Problem?
Clotting time =
Bleeding time =
✔️Clotting time increased
| ✔️Normal bleeding time
2647
Lab test that measures how fast can the EXTRINSIC pathway activate Factor 10 (stuart factor)
"PeT"
Prothrombin time
2648
Normal PT (Prothrombin time)
PT = 9 to 13s
2649
Lab test that measures how fast can INTRINSIC pathway activate Factor X
Partial prothrombin time ("PTiT")
2650
Normal PTT (Partial thromboplastin time)
PTT = 25 to 35s
2651
Normal bleeding time
1-3s
| *boards = 2-3s*
2652
Normal platelet count
150,000-450,000 cells/mL
2653
Normal RBC count
5M cells/mL
2654
Life span of platelets
10 days
2655
Most numerous papillae
Filiform
2656
Only papillae without taste buds
Filiform
2657
Mushroom or fungus shape. Loc at the TIPS and SIDES of tongue
Fungiform
2658
Found posterolaterally of tongue
Foliate
2659
✔️Found in V shape sulcus of tongue.
✔️Largest
✔️Least numerous papillae
Circumvallate
2660
4 sensory branches of CN V3
🔹Long buccal nerve
🔹Lingual nerve
🔹IAN - mental/incisive nerve
🔹Auriculotemporal nerve
2661
4 motor branches of CN V3
TIME muscles
2662
4 other muscles that is innervated by CN V3
🔹Tensor tympani
🔹Tensor veli palatini
🔹Mylohyoid
🔹Ant belly of digastric
2663
Innervates the buccal mucosa of mandibular molars
Long buccal nerve
2664
Anterior /3 of tongue (general)
Lingual nerve
2665
Anterior 2/3 of tongue (taste)
Chorda tympani of Facial nerve (CN VII)
2666
Posterior 1/3 of tongue (general and taste)
CN IX - Glossopharyngeal
2667
Base of tongue (general and taste)
CN X - Vagus nerve
2668
Terminal branch of IAN
🔹Mental nerve (go for this✨)
| 🔹Incisive nerve
2669
Innervates the lower anterior teeth
Incisive nerve
2670
Exit of nasopalatine nerve or "Nerve of Scarpa"
Incisive foramen
2671
Innervates the TMJ and Scalp
Auriculotemporal nerve
2672
Syndrome associated with STURGE-WEBER Syndrome (Path of CN V - birthmark)
Portwine stain
2673
Other name for Sturge-Weber syndrome
Encephalogeminal Angiomatosis
2674
Is a rare congenital neurological and skin disorder. It is one of the phakomatoses and is often assoc with portwine stains of the face, glaucoma, seizures, mental retardation, and ipsilateral leptomeningeal angioma
Sturge-Weber syndrome (Encephalotrigeminal angiomatosis)
2675
Foramen of exit of Abducens nerve (CN VI)
SOF
2676
What muscle is innervated by CN VI
Lateral rectus of the eye
2677
Foramen exit of Facial nerve
Stylomastoid foramen
2678
Control scalp muscles around ear
Auricular nerve (Facial nerve)
2679
Innervates the Posterior belly of Digastric
Facial nerve
2680
5 major branches in Parotid gland (Facial nerve)
"The Zebra Bump My Car"
```
Temporal
Zygomatic
Buccal
Mandibular
Cervical
```
2681
What innervates the Parotid gland
CN IX - Glossopharyngeal nerve
2682
Parasympathetic innervation of Facial nerve (Chroda tympani)
Submandibular and sublingual gland
2683
3 other names for CN VIII
🔹Vestibulocochlear nerve
🔹Acoustic nerve
🔹Auditory nerve
2684
Foramen of exit of CN VIII - Vestibulocochlear nerve
Internal acoustic meatus
2685
Nerve for sense of Hearing
Vestibulocochlear nerve
2686
3 parts of the outer ear
🔹Auricle
🔹Ear canal
🔹Tympanic membrane/Eardrum
2687
Examples of Elastic Cartilages
🔹Pinna/Auricle
🔹Epiglottis
🔹Eustachian tube
2688
What is found in the middle ear
🔹Auditory Ossicles
| 🔹Eustachian tube
2689
What structures are found in the inner ear
🔹Cochlea
| 🔹Semicircular canals
2690
Receptor organ for hearing
Organ of corti
2691
Sensory receptors for hearing
"Hair-ing"
Hair cells
2692
Contains semicircular fluids for balance
Semicircular canals
2693
Foramen of exit of CN IX - Glossopharyngeal nerve
Jugular foramen
2694
Nerves that exits in the Jugular foramen
IX - Glossopharyngeal
X - vagus
X - Spinal accessory nerve
2695
Parasympathetic innervation of Glossopharyngeal nerve
Parotid gland
2696
General and taste sensation of Posterior 1/3 of the tongue
Glssopharyngeal (CN IX)
2697
Nerves involved in the Pharyngeal plexus
IX
X
XI
2698
Innervates all muscles of Palate and Pharynx
Pharyngeal plexus
2699
2 exceptions of Pharyngeal plexus
🔹Tensor veli palatini (V3)
| 🔹Stylopharyngeus (IX)
2700
Innervates the superior pharyngeal constrictor
Pharyngeal plexus
2701
Foramen of exit of CN X - Vagus nerve
Jugular foramen
2702
Vagus nerve has parasympathetic innervation of what organs
```
🔹Heart
🔹Lungs
🔹Digestive tract (stomach, intestines)
🔹Kidney
🔹Liver
```
2703
If you cut the vagus nerve, what happens to the heart's function
Increase force of contraction and heart rate
2704
Parasympathetic innervation of vagus nerve to heart =
Decrease force of contraction and heart rate
"VAGUS ang nag papaVAGAL ng heart"
2705
Once you cut the vagus nerve, digestive tract =
Slow or decreased digestion
| kasi parasympathetic func sa stomach is increased digestion = rest and digest
2706
Gag reflex - motor func
Vagus nerve - CN X
2707
Gag reflex - sensory
Glossopharyngeal - CN IX
2708
Base of the tongue: general and taste sensation
Vagus nerve
2709
The nerve that ENTERS and EXITS the skull
Spinal accessory nerve (XI)
2710
Where does the CN XI enter?
Foramen magnum
2711
Where does the CN XI exit?
Jugular foramen
2712
Muscles that are innervated by CN XI
🔹Trapezius
| 🔹Sternocleidomastoid
2713
Dse assoc with sternocleidomastoid
Torticollis aka "Wry neck"
2714
Sternocleido mastoid rotates chin towards what side
Opposite side of the body
2715
Foramen of exit of Hypoglossal nerve
Hypoglossal canal
| May sariling canal si bakla
2716
Innervates extrinsic muscles of tongue except Palatoglossus
Hypoglossal nerve
2717
Extrinsic muscles innervated by Hypoglossal nerve
Genioglossus
Styloglossus
Hyoglossus
2718
Palatoglossus is innervated by
Pharyngeal plexus (IX, X, XI)
2719
Moves tongue inferiorly and anteriorly
Genioglossus
2720
Move tongue inferiorly
Hyoglossus
2721
Moves tongue superiorly and posteriorly
Styloglossus
2722
Moves tongue superiorly towards palate and moves palate inferiorly towards tongue
Palatoglossus
2723
Longest intracranial nerve
Trochlear nerve CN IV
2724
Largest nerve supplying HEAD and NECK
Trigeminal nerve CN V
2725
What is neuralgia in CN V (trigeminal)
Tic Douloureux
2726
DOC for Tic Douloureux aka Trigeminal neuralgia
Tegretol (Carbamazepine)
2727
Largest cranial nerve supplying the Human Body
CN X - Vagus nerve
2728
Largest nerve in the human body
Sciatic nerve
2729
What is the Wandering nerve
CN X - Vagus nerve
2730
What innervates the Parotid gland
CN IX - Glossopharyngeal nerve
2731
What innervates the submandibular and sublingual glands
CN VII - Chorda tympani
2732
What cranial nerve assoc with Chorda tympani
CN VII - Facial nerve
2733
What cranial nerves with Parasympathetic innervation
Parasympathetic:
III - Pupil: Miosis = Pupillary constriction
VII - Subli/Submd = increase saliva secretion
IX - Parotid = increase saliva
X - Heart = decrease rate
GIT = increase metabolism
2734
What are the Vit K-dependent clotting factors produced by the Liver
CF II - Prothrombin
VII - Stable factor
IX - Christmas factor
X - Stuart factor
2735
CF 1
Fibrinogen
2736
CF 2
Prothrombin
2737
CF 3
Thromboplastin (Tissue factor)
2738
CF 4
Calcium
2739
CF 5
Labile factor
2740
CF 7
Stable factor
2741
CF 8
Antihemophilic factor
2742
CF 10
Stuart factor
2743
CF 11
Plasmathromboplastin Antecedent
2744
CF 12
Hagemann factor
2745
CF 13
Fibrin stabilizing factor
2746
Clotting factor deficient in Hemophilia A
CF 8 - Antihemophilic factor (8 - A - Anti)
2747
Deficient in Hemophilia B
CF 9 - Christmas factor
2748
Deficient in Hemophilia C
CF 11 - Plasma thromboplastin antecedent
2749
Most important clotting factor
CF 8 - Antihemohilic factor
2750
Cloting time
8 to 15 minutes
2751
Bleeding time
1 to 3 mins
2752
Bleeding is possible to stop even without blood clot because of
Platelet plug
2753
2 components of blood clot
Platelets and Fibrin
2754
Meshlike structure
Fibrin
2755
Electrolyte important for blot clotting
Calcium
2756
2 pathways in coagulation cascade
Intrinsic and extrinsic pathways
2757
Pathway wherein body is capable of forming blood clot without exposure to external environment
Intrinsic pathway
2758
Pathway in formation of blood clot wherein body is exposed to external environment
Extrinsic pathway
2759
Common factor of INTRINSIC and EXTRINSIC pathway
CF 10 - Stuart factor
2760
What are attached to CF 10
"CaVX"
Calcium
CF V - Labile factor
2761
Precursor of Fibrin
Fibrinogen
2762
Best to form blot clot: for clotting factors to meet
Pressure pack
2763
CaVX waits for
Prothrombin
2764
Converts Prothrombin to Thrombin
Ca V X
2765
Precursor of Thrombin
Prothrombin (II)
2766
Liver produces what clotting factor that is also the precursor of fibrin
Fibrinogen (I)
2767
Thrombin waits for what clotting factor to produce Fibrin (XIII)
CF 1 - Fibrinogen
2768
In hemophelia:
Problem?
Clotting time =
Bleeding time =
✔️Clotting time increased
| ✔️Normal bleeding time
2769
Lab test that measures how fast can the EXTRINSIC pathway activate Factor 10 (stuart factor)
"PeT"
Prothrombin time
2770
Normal PT (Prothrombin time)
PT = 9 to 13s
2771
Lab test that measures how fast can INTRINSIC pathway activate Factor X
Partial prothrombin time ("PTiT")
2772
Normal PTT (Partial thromboplastin time)
PTT = 25 to 35s
2773
Normal bleeding time
1-3s
| *boards = 2-3s*
2774
Normal platelet count
150,000-450,000 cells/mL
2775
Normal RBC count
5M cells/mL
2776
Life span of platelets
10 days
2777
Most numerous papillae
Filiform
2778
Only papillae without taste buds
Filiform
2779
Mushroom or fungus shape. Loc at the TIPS and SIDES of tongue
Fungiform
2780
Found posterolaterally of tongue
Foliate
2781
✔️Found in V shape sulcus of tongue.
✔️Largest
✔️Least numerous papillae
Circumvallate
2782
4 sensory branches of CN V3
🔹Long buccal nerve
🔹Lingual nerve
🔹IAN - mental/incisive nerve
🔹Auriculotemporal nerve
2783
4 motor branches of CN V3
TIME muscles
2784
4 other muscles that is innervated by CN V3
🔹Tensor tympani
🔹Tensor veli palatini
🔹Mylohyoid
🔹Ant belly of digastric
2785
Innervates the buccal mucosa of mandibular molars
Long buccal nerve
2786
Anterior /3 of tongue (general)
Lingual nerve
2787
Anterior 2/3 of tongue (taste)
Chorda tympani of Facial nerve (CN VII)
2788
Posterior 1/3 of tongue (general and taste)
CN IX - Glossopharyngeal
2789
Base of tongue (general and taste)
CN X - Vagus nerve
2790
Terminal branch of IAN
🔹Mental nerve (go for this✨)
| 🔹Incisive nerve
2791
Innervates the lower anterior teeth
Incisive nerve
2792
Exit of nasopalatine nerve or "Nerve of Scarpa"
Incisive foramen
2793
Innervates the TMJ and Scalp
Auriculotemporal nerve
2794
Syndrome associated with STURGE-WEBER Syndrome (Path of CN V - birthmark)
Portwine stain
2795
Other name for Sturge-Weber syndrome
Encephalogeminal Angiomatosis
2796
Is a rare congenital neurological and skin disorder. It is one of the phakomatoses and is often assoc with portwine stains of the face, glaucoma, seizures, mental retardation, and ipsilateral leptomeningeal angioma
Sturge-Weber syndrome (Encephalotrigeminal angiomatosis)
2797
Foramen of exit of Abducens nerve (CN VI)
SOF
2798
What muscle is innervated by CN VI
Lateral rectus of the eye
2799
Foramen exit of Facial nerve
Stylomastoid foramen
2800
Control scalp muscles around ear
Auricular nerve (Facial nerve)
2801
Innervates the Posterior belly of Digastric
Facial nerve
2802
5 major branches in Parotid gland (Facial nerve)
"The Zebra Bump My Car"
```
Temporal
Zygomatic
Buccal
Mandibular
Cervical
```
2803
What innervates the Parotid gland
CN IX - Glossopharyngeal nerve
2804
Parasympathetic innervation of Facial nerve (Chroda tympani)
Submandibular and sublingual gland
2805
3 other names for CN VIII
🔹Vestibulocochlear nerve
🔹Acoustic nerve
🔹Auditory nerve
2806
Foramen of exit of CN VIII - Vestibulocochlear nerve
Internal acoustic meatus
2807
Nerve for sense of Hearing
Vestibulocochlear nerve
2808
3 parts of the outer ear
🔹Auricle
🔹Ear canal
🔹Tympanic membrane/Eardrum
2809
Examples of Elastic Cartilages
🔹Pinna/Auricle
🔹Epiglottis
🔹Eustachian tube
2810
What is found in the middle ear
🔹Auditory Ossicles
| 🔹Eustachian tube
2811
What structures are found in the inner ear
🔹Cochlea
| 🔹Semicircular canals
2812
Receptor organ for hearing
Organ of corti
2813
Sensory receptors for hearing
"Hair-ing"
Hair cells
2814
Contains semicircular fluids for balance
Semicircular canals
2815
Foramen of exit of CN IX - Glossopharyngeal nerve
Jugular foramen
2816
Nerves that exits in the Jugular foramen
IX - Glossopharyngeal
X - vagus
X - Spinal accessory nerve
2817
Parasympathetic innervation of Glossopharyngeal nerve
Parotid gland
2818
General and taste sensation of Posterior 1/3 of the tongue
Glssopharyngeal (CN IX)
2819
Nerves involved in the Pharyngeal plexus
IX
X
XI
2820
Innervates all muscles of Palate and Pharynx
Pharyngeal plexus
2821
2 exceptions of Pharyngeal plexus
🔹Tensor veli palatini (V3)
| 🔹Stylopharyngeus (IX)
2822
Innervates the superior pharyngeal constrictor
Pharyngeal plexus
2823
Foramen of exit of CN X - Vagus nerve
Jugular foramen
2824
Vagus nerve has parasympathetic innervation of what organs
```
🔹Heart
🔹Lungs
🔹Digestive tract (stomach, intestines)
🔹Kidney
🔹Liver
```
2825
If you cut the vagus nerve, what happens to the heart's function
Increase force of contraction and heart rate
2826
Parasympathetic innervation of vagus nerve to heart =
Decrease force of contraction and heart rate
"VAGUS ang nag papaVAGAL ng heart"
2827
Once you cut the vagus nerve, digestive tract =
Slow or decreased digestion
| kasi parasympathetic func sa stomach is increased digestion = rest and digest
2828
Gag reflex - motor func
Vagus nerve - CN X
2829
Gag reflex - sensory
Glossopharyngeal - CN IX
2830
Base of the tongue: general and taste sensation
Vagus nerve
2831
The nerve that ENTERS and EXITS the skull
Spinal accessory nerve (XI)
2832
Where does the CN XI enter?
Foramen magnum
2833
Where does the CN XI exit?
Jugular foramen
2834
Muscles that are innervated by CN XI
🔹Trapezius
| 🔹Sternocleidomastoid
2835
Dse assoc with sternocleidomastoid
Torticollis aka "Wry neck"
2836
Sternocleido mastoid rotates chin towards what side
Opposite side of the body
2837
Foramen of exit of Hypoglossal nerve
Hypoglossal canal
| May sariling canal si bakla
2838
Innervates extrinsic muscles of tongue except Palatoglossus
Hypoglossal nerve
2839
Extrinsic muscles innervated by Hypoglossal nerve
Genioglossus
Styloglossus
Hyoglossus
2840
Palatoglossus is innervated by
Pharyngeal plexus (IX, X, XI)
2841
Moves tongue inferiorly and anteriorly
Genioglossus
2842
Move tongue inferiorly
Hyoglossus
2843
Moves tongue superiorly and posteriorly
Styloglossus
2844
Moves tongue superiorly towards palate and moves palate inferiorly towards tongue
Palatoglossus
2845
Longest intracranial nerve
Trochlear nerve CN IV
2846
Largest nerve supplying HEAD and NECK
Trigeminal nerve CN V
2847
What is neuralgia in CN V (trigeminal)
Tic Douloureux
2848
DOC for Tic Douloureux aka Trigeminal neuralgia
Tegretol (Carbamazepine)
2849
Largest cranial nerve supplying the Human Body
CN X - Vagus nerve
2850
Largest nerve in the human body
Sciatic nerve
2851
What is the Wandering nerve
CN X - Vagus nerve
2852
What innervates the Parotid gland
CN IX - Glossopharyngeal nerve
2853
What innervates the submandibular and sublingual glands
CN VII - Chorda tympani
2854
What cranial nerve assoc with Chorda tympani
CN VII - Facial nerve
2855
What cranial nerves with Parasympathetic innervation
Parasympathetic:
III - Pupil: Miosis = Pupillary constriction
VII - Subli/Submd = increase saliva secretion
IX - Parotid = increase saliva
X - Heart = decrease rate
GIT = increase metabolism
2856
What are the Vit K-dependent clotting factors produced by the Liver
CF II - Prothrombin
VII - Stable factor
IX - Christmas factor
X - Stuart factor
2857
CF 1
Fibrinogen
2858
CF 2
Prothrombin
2859
CF 3
Thromboplastin (Tissue factor)
2860
CF 4
Calcium
2861
CF 5
Labile factor
2862
CF 7
Stable factor
2863
CF 8
Antihemophilic factor
2864
CF 10
Stuart factor
2865
CF 11
Plasmathromboplastin Antecedent
2866
CF 12
Hagemann factor
2867
CF 13
Fibrin stabilizing factor
2868
Clotting factor deficient in Hemophilia A
CF 8 - Antihemophilic factor (8 - A - Anti)
2869
Deficient in Hemophilia B
CF 9 - Christmas factor
2870
Deficient in Hemophilia C
CF 11 - Plasma thromboplastin antecedent
2871
Most important clotting factor
CF 8 - Antihemohilic factor
2872
Cloting time
8 to 15 minutes
2873
Bleeding time
1 to 3 mins
2874
Bleeding is possible to stop even without blood clot because of
Platelet plug
2875
2 components of blood clot
Platelets and Fibrin
2876
Meshlike structure
Fibrin
2877
Electrolyte important for blot clotting
Calcium
2878
2 pathways in coagulation cascade
Intrinsic and extrinsic pathways
2879
Pathway wherein body is capable of forming blood clot without exposure to external environment
Intrinsic pathway
2880
Pathway in formation of blood clot wherein body is exposed to external environment
Extrinsic pathway
2881
Common factor of INTRINSIC and EXTRINSIC pathway
CF 10 - Stuart factor
2882
What are attached to CF 10
"CaVX"
Calcium
CF V - Labile factor
2883
Precursor of Fibrin
Fibrinogen
2884
Best to form blot clot: for clotting factors to meet
Pressure pack
2885
CaVX waits for
Prothrombin
2886
Converts Prothrombin to Thrombin
Ca V X
2887
Precursor of Thrombin
Prothrombin (II)
2888
Liver produces what clotting factor that is also the precursor of fibrin
Fibrinogen (I)
2889
Thrombin waits for what clotting factor to produce Fibrin (XIII)
CF 1 - Fibrinogen
2890
In hemophelia:
Problem?
Clotting time =
Bleeding time =
✔️Clotting time increased
| ✔️Normal bleeding time
2891
Lab test that measures how fast can the EXTRINSIC pathway activate Factor 10 (stuart factor)
"PeT"
Prothrombin time
2892
Normal PT (Prothrombin time)
PT = 9 to 13s
2893
Lab test that measures how fast can INTRINSIC pathway activate Factor X
Partial prothrombin time ("PTiT")
2894
Normal PTT (Partial thromboplastin time)
PTT = 25 to 35s
2895
Normal bleeding time
1-3s
| *boards = 2-3s*
2896
Normal platelet count
150,000-450,000 cells/mL
2897
Normal RBC count
5M cells/mL
2898
Life span of platelets
10 days
2899
Most numerous papillae
Filiform
2900
Only papillae without taste buds
Filiform
2901
Mushroom or fungus shape. Loc at the TIPS and SIDES of tongue
Fungiform
2902
Found posterolaterally of tongue
Foliate
2903
✔️Found in V shape sulcus of tongue.
✔️Largest
✔️Least numerous papillae
Circumvallate
2904
4 sensory branches of CN V3
🔹Long buccal nerve
🔹Lingual nerve
🔹IAN - mental/incisive nerve
🔹Auriculotemporal nerve
2905
4 motor branches of CN V3
TIME muscles
2906
4 other muscles that is innervated by CN V3
🔹Tensor tympani
🔹Tensor veli palatini
🔹Mylohyoid
🔹Ant belly of digastric
2907
Innervates the buccal mucosa of mandibular molars
Long buccal nerve
2908
Anterior /3 of tongue (general)
Lingual nerve
2909
Anterior 2/3 of tongue (taste)
Chorda tympani of Facial nerve (CN VII)
2910
Posterior 1/3 of tongue (general and taste)
CN IX - Glossopharyngeal
2911
Base of tongue (general and taste)
CN X - Vagus nerve
2912
Terminal branch of IAN
🔹Mental nerve (go for this✨)
| 🔹Incisive nerve
2913
Innervates the lower anterior teeth
Incisive nerve
2914
Exit of nasopalatine nerve or "Nerve of Scarpa"
Incisive foramen
2915
Innervates the TMJ and Scalp
Auriculotemporal nerve
2916
Syndrome associated with STURGE-WEBER Syndrome (Path of CN V - birthmark)
Portwine stain
2917
Other name for Sturge-Weber syndrome
Encephalogeminal Angiomatosis
2918
Is a rare congenital neurological and skin disorder. It is one of the phakomatoses and is often assoc with portwine stains of the face, glaucoma, seizures, mental retardation, and ipsilateral leptomeningeal angioma
Sturge-Weber syndrome (Encephalotrigeminal angiomatosis)
2919
Foramen of exit of Abducens nerve (CN VI)
SOF
2920
What muscle is innervated by CN VI
Lateral rectus of the eye
2921
Foramen exit of Facial nerve
Stylomastoid foramen
2922
Control scalp muscles around ear
Auricular nerve (Facial nerve)
2923
Innervates the Posterior belly of Digastric
Facial nerve
2924
5 major branches in Parotid gland (Facial nerve)
"The Zebra Bump My Car"
```
Temporal
Zygomatic
Buccal
Mandibular
Cervical
```
2925
What innervates the Parotid gland
CN IX - Glossopharyngeal nerve
2926
Parasympathetic innervation of Facial nerve (Chroda tympani)
Submandibular and sublingual gland
2927
3 other names for CN VIII
🔹Vestibulocochlear nerve
🔹Acoustic nerve
🔹Auditory nerve
2928
Foramen of exit of CN VIII - Vestibulocochlear nerve
Internal acoustic meatus
2929
Nerve for sense of Hearing
Vestibulocochlear nerve
2930
3 parts of the outer ear
🔹Auricle
🔹Ear canal
🔹Tympanic membrane/Eardrum
2931
Examples of Elastic Cartilages
🔹Pinna/Auricle
🔹Epiglottis
🔹Eustachian tube
2932
What is found in the middle ear
🔹Auditory Ossicles
| 🔹Eustachian tube
2933
What structures are found in the inner ear
🔹Cochlea
| 🔹Semicircular canals
2934
Receptor organ for hearing
Organ of corti
2935
Sensory receptors for hearing
"Hair-ing"
Hair cells
2936
Contains semicircular fluids for balance
Semicircular canals
2937
Foramen of exit of CN IX - Glossopharyngeal nerve
Jugular foramen
2938
Nerves that exits in the Jugular foramen
IX - Glossopharyngeal
X - vagus
X - Spinal accessory nerve
2939
Parasympathetic innervation of Glossopharyngeal nerve
Parotid gland
2940
General and taste sensation of Posterior 1/3 of the tongue
Glssopharyngeal (CN IX)
2941
Nerves involved in the Pharyngeal plexus
IX
X
XI
2942
Innervates all muscles of Palate and Pharynx
Pharyngeal plexus
2943
2 exceptions of Pharyngeal plexus
🔹Tensor veli palatini (V3)
| 🔹Stylopharyngeus (IX)
2944
Innervates the superior pharyngeal constrictor
Pharyngeal plexus
2945
Foramen of exit of CN X - Vagus nerve
Jugular foramen
2946
Vagus nerve has parasympathetic innervation of what organs
```
🔹Heart
🔹Lungs
🔹Digestive tract (stomach, intestines)
🔹Kidney
🔹Liver
```
2947
If you cut the vagus nerve, what happens to the heart's function
Increase force of contraction and heart rate
2948
Parasympathetic innervation of vagus nerve to heart =
Decrease force of contraction and heart rate
"VAGUS ang nag papaVAGAL ng heart"
2949
Once you cut the vagus nerve, digestive tract =
Slow or decreased digestion
| kasi parasympathetic func sa stomach is increased digestion = rest and digest
2950
Gag reflex - motor func
Vagus nerve - CN X
2951
Gag reflex - sensory
Glossopharyngeal - CN IX
2952
Base of the tongue: general and taste sensation
Vagus nerve
2953
The nerve that ENTERS and EXITS the skull
Spinal accessory nerve (XI)
2954
Where does the CN XI enter?
Foramen magnum
2955
Where does the CN XI exit?
Jugular foramen
2956
Muscles that are innervated by CN XI
🔹Trapezius
| 🔹Sternocleidomastoid
2957
Dse assoc with sternocleidomastoid
Torticollis aka "Wry neck"
2958
Sternocleido mastoid rotates chin towards what side
Opposite side of the body
2959
Foramen of exit of Hypoglossal nerve
Hypoglossal canal
| May sariling canal si bakla
2960
Innervates extrinsic muscles of tongue except Palatoglossus
Hypoglossal nerve
2961
Extrinsic muscles innervated by Hypoglossal nerve
Genioglossus
Styloglossus
Hyoglossus
2962
Palatoglossus is innervated by
Pharyngeal plexus (IX, X, XI)
2963
Moves tongue inferiorly and anteriorly
Genioglossus
2964
Move tongue inferiorly
Hyoglossus
2965
Moves tongue superiorly and posteriorly
Styloglossus
2966
Moves tongue superiorly towards palate and moves palate inferiorly towards tongue
Palatoglossus
2967
Longest intracranial nerve
Trochlear nerve CN IV
2968
Largest nerve supplying HEAD and NECK
Trigeminal nerve CN V
2969
What is neuralgia in CN V (trigeminal)
Tic Douloureux
2970
DOC for Tic Douloureux aka Trigeminal neuralgia
Tegretol (Carbamazepine)
2971
Largest cranial nerve supplying the Human Body
CN X - Vagus nerve
2972
Largest nerve in the human body
Sciatic nerve
2973
What is the Wandering nerve
CN X - Vagus nerve
2974
What innervates the Parotid gland
CN IX - Glossopharyngeal nerve
2975
What innervates the submandibular and sublingual glands
CN VII - Chorda tympani
2976
What cranial nerve assoc with Chorda tympani
CN VII - Facial nerve
2977
What cranial nerves with Parasympathetic innervation
Parasympathetic:
III - Pupil: Miosis = Pupillary constriction
VII - Subli/Submd = increase saliva secretion
IX - Parotid = increase saliva
X - Heart = decrease rate
GIT = increase metabolism
2978
What are the Vit K-dependent clotting factors produced by the Liver
CF II - Prothrombin
VII - Stable factor
IX - Christmas factor
X - Stuart factor
2979
CF 1
Fibrinogen
2980
CF 2
Prothrombin
2981
CF 3
Thromboplastin (Tissue factor)
2982
CF 4
Calcium
2983
CF 5
Labile factor
2984
CF 7
Stable factor
2985
CF 8
Antihemophilic factor
2986
CF 10
Stuart factor
2987
CF 11
Plasmathromboplastin Antecedent
2988
CF 12
Hagemann factor
2989
CF 13
Fibrin stabilizing factor
2990
Clotting factor deficient in Hemophilia A
CF 8 - Antihemophilic factor (8 - A - Anti)
2991
Deficient in Hemophilia B
CF 9 - Christmas factor
2992
Deficient in Hemophilia C
CF 11 - Plasma thromboplastin antecedent
2993
Most important clotting factor
CF 8 - Antihemohilic factor
2994
Cloting time
8 to 15 minutes
2995
Bleeding time
1 to 3 mins
2996
Bleeding is possible to stop even without blood clot because of
Platelet plug
2997
2 components of blood clot
Platelets and Fibrin
2998
Meshlike structure
Fibrin
2999
Electrolyte important for blot clotting
Calcium
3000
2 pathways in coagulation cascade
Intrinsic and extrinsic pathways
3001
Pathway wherein body is capable of forming blood clot without exposure to external environment
Intrinsic pathway
3002
Pathway in formation of blood clot wherein body is exposed to external environment
Extrinsic pathway
3003
Common factor of INTRINSIC and EXTRINSIC pathway
CF 10 - Stuart factor
3004
What are attached to CF 10
"CaVX"
Calcium
CF V - Labile factor
3005
Precursor of Fibrin
Fibrinogen
3006
Best to form blot clot: for clotting factors to meet
Pressure pack
3007
CaVX waits for
Prothrombin
3008
Converts Prothrombin to Thrombin
Ca V X
3009
Precursor of Thrombin
Prothrombin (II)
3010
Liver produces what clotting factor that is also the precursor of fibrin
Fibrinogen (I)
3011
Thrombin waits for what clotting factor to produce Fibrin (XIII)
CF 1 - Fibrinogen
3012
In hemophelia:
Problem?
Clotting time =
Bleeding time =
✔️Clotting time increased
| ✔️Normal bleeding time
3013
Lab test that measures how fast can the EXTRINSIC pathway activate Factor 10 (stuart factor)
"PeT"
Prothrombin time
3014
Normal PT (Prothrombin time)
PT = 9 to 13s
3015
Lab test that measures how fast can INTRINSIC pathway activate Factor X
Partial prothrombin time ("PTiT")
3016
Normal PTT (Partial thromboplastin time)
PTT = 25 to 35s
3017
Normal bleeding time
1-3s
| *boards = 2-3s*
3018
Normal platelet count
150,000-450,000 cells/mL
3019
Normal RBC count
5M cells/mL
3020
Life span of platelets
10 days
3021
Most numerous papillae
Filiform
3022
Only papillae without taste buds
Filiform
3023
Mushroom or fungus shape. Loc at the TIPS and SIDES of tongue
Fungiform
3024
Found posterolaterally of tongue
Foliate
3025
✔️Found in V shape sulcus of tongue.
✔️Largest
✔️Least numerous papillae
Circumvallate
3026
4 sensory branches of CN V3
🔹Long buccal nerve
🔹Lingual nerve
🔹IAN - mental/incisive nerve
🔹Auriculotemporal nerve
3027
4 motor branches of CN V3
TIME muscles
3028
4 other muscles that is innervated by CN V3
🔹Tensor tympani
🔹Tensor veli palatini
🔹Mylohyoid
🔹Ant belly of digastric
3029
Innervates the buccal mucosa of mandibular molars
Long buccal nerve
3030
Anterior /3 of tongue (general)
Lingual nerve
3031
Anterior 2/3 of tongue (taste)
Chorda tympani of Facial nerve (CN VII)
3032
Posterior 1/3 of tongue (general and taste)
CN IX - Glossopharyngeal
3033
Base of tongue (general and taste)
CN X - Vagus nerve
3034
Terminal branch of IAN
🔹Mental nerve (go for this✨)
| 🔹Incisive nerve
3035
Innervates the lower anterior teeth
Incisive nerve
3036
Exit of nasopalatine nerve or "Nerve of Scarpa"
Incisive foramen
3037
Innervates the TMJ and Scalp
Auriculotemporal nerve
3038
Syndrome associated with STURGE-WEBER Syndrome (Path of CN V - birthmark)
Portwine stain
3039
Other name for Sturge-Weber syndrome
Encephalogeminal Angiomatosis
3040
Is a rare congenital neurological and skin disorder. It is one of the phakomatoses and is often assoc with portwine stains of the face, glaucoma, seizures, mental retardation, and ipsilateral leptomeningeal angioma
Sturge-Weber syndrome (Encephalotrigeminal angiomatosis)
3041
Foramen of exit of Abducens nerve (CN VI)
SOF
3042
What muscle is innervated by CN VI
Lateral rectus of the eye
3043
Foramen exit of Facial nerve
Stylomastoid foramen
3044
Control scalp muscles around ear
Auricular nerve (Facial nerve)
3045
Innervates the Posterior belly of Digastric
Facial nerve
3046
5 major branches in Parotid gland (Facial nerve)
"The Zebra Bump My Car"
```
Temporal
Zygomatic
Buccal
Mandibular
Cervical
```
3047
What innervates the Parotid gland
CN IX - Glossopharyngeal nerve
3048
Parasympathetic innervation of Facial nerve (Chroda tympani)
Submandibular and sublingual gland
3049
3 other names for CN VIII
🔹Vestibulocochlear nerve
🔹Acoustic nerve
🔹Auditory nerve
3050
Foramen of exit of CN VIII - Vestibulocochlear nerve
Internal acoustic meatus
3051
Nerve for sense of Hearing
Vestibulocochlear nerve
3052
3 parts of the outer ear
🔹Auricle
🔹Ear canal
🔹Tympanic membrane/Eardrum
3053
Examples of Elastic Cartilages
🔹Pinna/Auricle
🔹Epiglottis
🔹Eustachian tube
3054
What is found in the middle ear
🔹Auditory Ossicles
| 🔹Eustachian tube
3055
What structures are found in the inner ear
🔹Cochlea
| 🔹Semicircular canals
3056
Receptor organ for hearing
Organ of corti
3057
Sensory receptors for hearing
"Hair-ing"
Hair cells
3058
Contains semicircular fluids for balance
Semicircular canals
3059
Foramen of exit of CN IX - Glossopharyngeal nerve
Jugular foramen
3060
Nerves that exits in the Jugular foramen
IX - Glossopharyngeal
X - vagus
X - Spinal accessory nerve
3061
Parasympathetic innervation of Glossopharyngeal nerve
Parotid gland
3062
General and taste sensation of Posterior 1/3 of the tongue
Glssopharyngeal (CN IX)
3063
Nerves involved in the Pharyngeal plexus
IX
X
XI
3064
Innervates all muscles of Palate and Pharynx
Pharyngeal plexus
3065
2 exceptions of Pharyngeal plexus
🔹Tensor veli palatini (V3)
| 🔹Stylopharyngeus (IX)
3066
Innervates the superior pharyngeal constrictor
Pharyngeal plexus
3067
Foramen of exit of CN X - Vagus nerve
Jugular foramen
3068
Vagus nerve has parasympathetic innervation of what organs
```
🔹Heart
🔹Lungs
🔹Digestive tract (stomach, intestines)
🔹Kidney
🔹Liver
```
3069
If you cut the vagus nerve, what happens to the heart's function
Increase force of contraction and heart rate
3070
Parasympathetic innervation of vagus nerve to heart =
Decrease force of contraction and heart rate
"VAGUS ang nag papaVAGAL ng heart"
3071
Once you cut the vagus nerve, digestive tract =
Slow or decreased digestion
| kasi parasympathetic func sa stomach is increased digestion = rest and digest
3072
Gag reflex - motor func
Vagus nerve - CN X
3073
Gag reflex - sensory
Glossopharyngeal - CN IX
3074
Base of the tongue: general and taste sensation
Vagus nerve
3075
The nerve that ENTERS and EXITS the skull
Spinal accessory nerve (XI)
3076
Where does the CN XI enter?
Foramen magnum
3077
Where does the CN XI exit?
Jugular foramen
3078
Muscles that are innervated by CN XI
🔹Trapezius
| 🔹Sternocleidomastoid
3079
Dse assoc with sternocleidomastoid
Torticollis aka "Wry neck"
3080
Sternocleido mastoid rotates chin towards what side
Opposite side of the body
3081
Foramen of exit of Hypoglossal nerve
Hypoglossal canal
| May sariling canal si bakla
3082
Innervates extrinsic muscles of tongue except Palatoglossus
Hypoglossal nerve
3083
Extrinsic muscles innervated by Hypoglossal nerve
Genioglossus
Styloglossus
Hyoglossus
3084
Palatoglossus is innervated by
Pharyngeal plexus (IX, X, XI)
3085
Moves tongue inferiorly and anteriorly
Genioglossus
3086
Move tongue inferiorly
Hyoglossus
3087
Moves tongue superiorly and posteriorly
Styloglossus
3088
Moves tongue superiorly towards palate and moves palate inferiorly towards tongue
Palatoglossus
3089
Longest intracranial nerve
Trochlear nerve CN IV
3090
Largest nerve supplying HEAD and NECK
Trigeminal nerve CN V
3091
What is neuralgia in CN V (trigeminal)
Tic Douloureux
3092
DOC for Tic Douloureux aka Trigeminal neuralgia
Tegretol (Carbamazepine)
3093
Largest cranial nerve supplying the Human Body
CN X - Vagus nerve
3094
Largest nerve in the human body
Sciatic nerve
3095
What is the Wandering nerve
CN X - Vagus nerve
3096
What innervates the Parotid gland
CN IX - Glossopharyngeal nerve
3097
What innervates the submandibular and sublingual glands
CN VII - Chorda tympani
3098
What cranial nerve assoc with Chorda tympani
CN VII - Facial nerve
3099
What cranial nerves with Parasympathetic innervation
Parasympathetic:
III - Pupil: Miosis = Pupillary constriction
VII - Subli/Submd = increase saliva secretion
IX - Parotid = increase saliva
X - Heart = decrease rate
GIT = increase metabolism
3100
What are the Vit K-dependent clotting factors produced by the Liver
CF II - Prothrombin
VII - Stable factor
IX - Christmas factor
X - Stuart factor
3101
CF 1
Fibrinogen
3102
CF 2
Prothrombin
3103
CF 3
Thromboplastin (Tissue factor)
3104
CF 4
Calcium
3105
CF 5
Labile factor
3106
CF 7
Stable factor
3107
CF 8
Antihemophilic factor
3108
CF 10
Stuart factor
3109
CF 11
Plasmathromboplastin Antecedent
3110
CF 12
Hagemann factor
3111
CF 13
Fibrin stabilizing factor
3112
Clotting factor deficient in Hemophilia A
CF 8 - Antihemophilic factor (8 - A - Anti)
3113
Deficient in Hemophilia B
CF 9 - Christmas factor
3114
Deficient in Hemophilia C
CF 11 - Plasma thromboplastin antecedent
3115
Most important clotting factor
CF 8 - Antihemohilic factor
3116
Cloting time
8 to 15 minutes
3117
Bleeding time
1 to 3 mins
3118
Bleeding is possible to stop even without blood clot because of
Platelet plug
3119
2 components of blood clot
Platelets and Fibrin
3120
Meshlike structure
Fibrin
3121
Electrolyte important for blot clotting
Calcium
3122
2 pathways in coagulation cascade
Intrinsic and extrinsic pathways
3123
Pathway wherein body is capable of forming blood clot without exposure to external environment
Intrinsic pathway
3124
Pathway in formation of blood clot wherein body is exposed to external environment
Extrinsic pathway
3125
Common factor of INTRINSIC and EXTRINSIC pathway
CF 10 - Stuart factor
3126
What are attached to CF 10
"CaVX"
Calcium
CF V - Labile factor
3127
Precursor of Fibrin
Fibrinogen
3128
Best to form blot clot: for clotting factors to meet
Pressure pack
3129
CaVX waits for
Prothrombin
3130
Converts Prothrombin to Thrombin
Ca V X
3131
Precursor of Thrombin
Prothrombin (II)
3132
Liver produces what clotting factor that is also the precursor of fibrin
Fibrinogen (I)
3133
Thrombin waits for what clotting factor to produce Fibrin (XIII)
CF 1 - Fibrinogen
3134
In hemophelia:
Problem?
Clotting time =
Bleeding time =
✔️Clotting time increased
| ✔️Normal bleeding time
3135
Lab test that measures how fast can the EXTRINSIC pathway activate Factor 10 (stuart factor)
"PeT"
Prothrombin time
3136
Normal PT (Prothrombin time)
PT = 9 to 13s
3137
Lab test that measures how fast can INTRINSIC pathway activate Factor X
Partial prothrombin time ("PTiT")
3138
Normal PTT (Partial thromboplastin time)
PTT = 25 to 35s
3139
Normal bleeding time
1-3s
| *boards = 2-3s*
3140
Normal platelet count
150,000-450,000 cells/mL
3141
Normal RBC count
5M cells/mL
3142
Life span of platelets
10 days
3143
Most numerous papillae
Filiform
3144
Only papillae without taste buds
Filiform
3145
Mushroom or fungus shape. Loc at the TIPS and SIDES of tongue
Fungiform
3146
Found posterolaterally of tongue
Foliate
3147
✔️Found in V shape sulcus of tongue.
✔️Largest
✔️Least numerous papillae
Circumvallate
3148
4 sensory branches of CN V3
🔹Long buccal nerve
🔹Lingual nerve
🔹IAN - mental/incisive nerve
🔹Auriculotemporal nerve
3149
4 motor branches of CN V3
TIME muscles
3150
4 other muscles that is innervated by CN V3
🔹Tensor tympani
🔹Tensor veli palatini
🔹Mylohyoid
🔹Ant belly of digastric
3151
Innervates the buccal mucosa of mandibular molars
Long buccal nerve
3152
Anterior /3 of tongue (general)
Lingual nerve
3153
Anterior 2/3 of tongue (taste)
Chorda tympani of Facial nerve (CN VII)
3154
Posterior 1/3 of tongue (general and taste)
CN IX - Glossopharyngeal
3155
Base of tongue (general and taste)
CN X - Vagus nerve
3156
Terminal branch of IAN
🔹Mental nerve (go for this✨)
| 🔹Incisive nerve
3157
Innervates the lower anterior teeth
Incisive nerve
3158
Exit of nasopalatine nerve or "Nerve of Scarpa"
Incisive foramen
3159
Innervates the TMJ and Scalp
Auriculotemporal nerve
3160
Syndrome associated with STURGE-WEBER Syndrome (Path of CN V - birthmark)
Portwine stain
3161
Other name for Sturge-Weber syndrome
Encephalogeminal Angiomatosis
3162
Is a rare congenital neurological and skin disorder. It is one of the phakomatoses and is often assoc with portwine stains of the face, glaucoma, seizures, mental retardation, and ipsilateral leptomeningeal angioma
Sturge-Weber syndrome (Encephalotrigeminal angiomatosis)
3163
Foramen of exit of Abducens nerve (CN VI)
SOF
3164
What muscle is innervated by CN VI
Lateral rectus of the eye
3165
Foramen exit of Facial nerve
Stylomastoid foramen
3166
Control scalp muscles around ear
Auricular nerve (Facial nerve)
3167
Innervates the Posterior belly of Digastric
Facial nerve
3168
5 major branches in Parotid gland (Facial nerve)
"The Zebra Bump My Car"
```
Temporal
Zygomatic
Buccal
Mandibular
Cervical
```
3169
What innervates the Parotid gland
CN IX - Glossopharyngeal nerve
3170
Parasympathetic innervation of Facial nerve (Chroda tympani)
Submandibular and sublingual gland
3171
3 other names for CN VIII
🔹Vestibulocochlear nerve
🔹Acoustic nerve
🔹Auditory nerve
3172
Foramen of exit of CN VIII - Vestibulocochlear nerve
Internal acoustic meatus
3173
Nerve for sense of Hearing
Vestibulocochlear nerve
3174
3 parts of the outer ear
🔹Auricle
🔹Ear canal
🔹Tympanic membrane/Eardrum
3175
Examples of Elastic Cartilages
🔹Pinna/Auricle
🔹Epiglottis
🔹Eustachian tube
3176
What is found in the middle ear
🔹Auditory Ossicles
| 🔹Eustachian tube
3177
What structures are found in the inner ear
🔹Cochlea
| 🔹Semicircular canals
3178
Receptor organ for hearing
Organ of corti
3179
Sensory receptors for hearing
"Hair-ing"
Hair cells
3180
Contains semicircular fluids for balance
Semicircular canals
3181
Foramen of exit of CN IX - Glossopharyngeal nerve
Jugular foramen
3182
Nerves that exits in the Jugular foramen
IX - Glossopharyngeal
X - vagus
X - Spinal accessory nerve
3183
Parasympathetic innervation of Glossopharyngeal nerve
Parotid gland
3184
General and taste sensation of Posterior 1/3 of the tongue
Glssopharyngeal (CN IX)
3185
Nerves involved in the Pharyngeal plexus
IX
X
XI
3186
Innervates all muscles of Palate and Pharynx
Pharyngeal plexus
3187
2 exceptions of Pharyngeal plexus
🔹Tensor veli palatini (V3)
| 🔹Stylopharyngeus (IX)
3188
Innervates the superior pharyngeal constrictor
Pharyngeal plexus
3189
Foramen of exit of CN X - Vagus nerve
Jugular foramen
3190
Vagus nerve has parasympathetic innervation of what organs
```
🔹Heart
🔹Lungs
🔹Digestive tract (stomach, intestines)
🔹Kidney
🔹Liver
```
3191
If you cut the vagus nerve, what happens to the heart's function
Increase force of contraction and heart rate
3192
Parasympathetic innervation of vagus nerve to heart =
Decrease force of contraction and heart rate
"VAGUS ang nag papaVAGAL ng heart"
3193
Once you cut the vagus nerve, digestive tract =
Slow or decreased digestion
| kasi parasympathetic func sa stomach is increased digestion = rest and digest
3194
Gag reflex - motor func
Vagus nerve - CN X
3195
Gag reflex - sensory
Glossopharyngeal - CN IX
3196
Base of the tongue: general and taste sensation
Vagus nerve
3197
The nerve that ENTERS and EXITS the skull
Spinal accessory nerve (XI)
3198
Where does the CN XI enter?
Foramen magnum
3199
Where does the CN XI exit?
Jugular foramen
3200
Muscles that are innervated by CN XI
🔹Trapezius
| 🔹Sternocleidomastoid
3201
Dse assoc with sternocleidomastoid
Torticollis aka "Wry neck"
3202
Sternocleido mastoid rotates chin towards what side
Opposite side of the body
3203
Foramen of exit of Hypoglossal nerve
Hypoglossal canal
| May sariling canal si bakla
3204
Innervates extrinsic muscles of tongue except Palatoglossus
Hypoglossal nerve
3205
Extrinsic muscles innervated by Hypoglossal nerve
Genioglossus
Styloglossus
Hyoglossus
3206
Palatoglossus is innervated by
Pharyngeal plexus (IX, X, XI)
3207
Moves tongue inferiorly and anteriorly
Genioglossus
3208
Move tongue inferiorly
Hyoglossus
3209
Moves tongue superiorly and posteriorly
Styloglossus
3210
Moves tongue superiorly towards palate and moves palate inferiorly towards tongue
Palatoglossus
3211
Longest intracranial nerve
Trochlear nerve CN IV
3212
Largest nerve supplying HEAD and NECK
Trigeminal nerve CN V
3213
What is neuralgia in CN V (trigeminal)
Tic Douloureux
3214
DOC for Tic Douloureux aka Trigeminal neuralgia
Tegretol (Carbamazepine)
3215
Largest cranial nerve supplying the Human Body
CN X - Vagus nerve
3216
Largest nerve in the human body
Sciatic nerve
3217
What is the Wandering nerve
CN X - Vagus nerve
3218
What innervates the Parotid gland
CN IX - Glossopharyngeal nerve
3219
What innervates the submandibular and sublingual glands
CN VII - Chorda tympani
3220
What cranial nerve assoc with Chorda tympani
CN VII - Facial nerve
3221
What cranial nerves with Parasympathetic innervation
Parasympathetic:
III - Pupil: Miosis = Pupillary constriction
VII - Subli/Submd = increase saliva secretion
IX - Parotid = increase saliva
X - Heart = decrease rate
GIT = increase metabolism
3222
What are the Vit K-dependent clotting factors produced by the Liver
CF II - Prothrombin
VII - Stable factor
IX - Christmas factor
X - Stuart factor
3223
CF 1
Fibrinogen
3224
CF 2
Prothrombin
3225
CF 3
Thromboplastin (Tissue factor)
3226
CF 4
Calcium
3227
CF 5
Labile factor
3228
CF 7
Stable factor
3229
CF 8
Antihemophilic factor
3230
CF 10
Stuart factor
3231
CF 11
Plasmathromboplastin Antecedent
3232
CF 12
Hagemann factor
3233
CF 13
Fibrin stabilizing factor
3234
Clotting factor deficient in Hemophilia A
CF 8 - Antihemophilic factor (8 - A - Anti)
3235
Deficient in Hemophilia B
CF 9 - Christmas factor
3236
Deficient in Hemophilia C
CF 11 - Plasma thromboplastin antecedent
3237
Most important clotting factor
CF 8 - Antihemohilic factor
3238
Cloting time
8 to 15 minutes
3239
Bleeding time
1 to 3 mins
3240
Bleeding is possible to stop even without blood clot because of
Platelet plug
3241
2 components of blood clot
Platelets and Fibrin
3242
Meshlike structure
Fibrin
3243
Electrolyte important for blot clotting
Calcium
3244
2 pathways in coagulation cascade
Intrinsic and extrinsic pathways
3245
Pathway wherein body is capable of forming blood clot without exposure to external environment
Intrinsic pathway
3246
Pathway in formation of blood clot wherein body is exposed to external environment
Extrinsic pathway
3247
Common factor of INTRINSIC and EXTRINSIC pathway
CF 10 - Stuart factor
3248
What are attached to CF 10
"CaVX"
Calcium
CF V - Labile factor
3249
Precursor of Fibrin
Fibrinogen
3250
Best to form blot clot: for clotting factors to meet
Pressure pack
3251
CaVX waits for
Prothrombin
3252
Converts Prothrombin to Thrombin
Ca V X
3253
Precursor of Thrombin
Prothrombin (II)
3254
Liver produces what clotting factor that is also the precursor of fibrin
Fibrinogen (I)
3255
Thrombin waits for what clotting factor to produce Fibrin (XIII)
CF 1 - Fibrinogen
3256
In hemophelia:
Problem?
Clotting time =
Bleeding time =
✔️Clotting time increased
| ✔️Normal bleeding time
3257
Lab test that measures how fast can the EXTRINSIC pathway activate Factor 10 (stuart factor)
"PeT"
Prothrombin time
3258
Normal PT (Prothrombin time)
PT = 9 to 13s
3259
Lab test that measures how fast can INTRINSIC pathway activate Factor X
Partial prothrombin time ("PTiT")
3260
Normal PTT (Partial thromboplastin time)
PTT = 25 to 35s
3261
Normal bleeding time
1-3s
| *boards = 2-3s*
3262
Normal platelet count
150,000-450,000 cells/mL
3263
Normal RBC count
5M cells/mL
3264
Life span of platelets
10 days
3265
Most numerous papillae
Filiform
3266
Only papillae without taste buds
Filiform
3267
Mushroom or fungus shape. Loc at the TIPS and SIDES of tongue
Fungiform
3268
Found posterolaterally of tongue
Foliate
3269
✔️Found in V shape sulcus of tongue.
✔️Largest
✔️Least numerous papillae
Circumvallate
3270
4 sensory branches of CN V3
🔹Long buccal nerve
🔹Lingual nerve
🔹IAN - mental/incisive nerve
🔹Auriculotemporal nerve
3271
4 motor branches of CN V3
TIME muscles
3272
4 other muscles that is innervated by CN V3
🔹Tensor tympani
🔹Tensor veli palatini
🔹Mylohyoid
🔹Ant belly of digastric
3273
Innervates the buccal mucosa of mandibular molars
Long buccal nerve
3274
Anterior /3 of tongue (general)
Lingual nerve
3275
Anterior 2/3 of tongue (taste)
Chorda tympani of Facial nerve (CN VII)
3276
Posterior 1/3 of tongue (general and taste)
CN IX - Glossopharyngeal
3277
Base of tongue (general and taste)
CN X - Vagus nerve
3278
Terminal branch of IAN
🔹Mental nerve (go for this✨)
| 🔹Incisive nerve
3279
Innervates the lower anterior teeth
Incisive nerve
3280
Exit of nasopalatine nerve or "Nerve of Scarpa"
Incisive foramen
3281
Innervates the TMJ and Scalp
Auriculotemporal nerve
3282
Syndrome associated with STURGE-WEBER Syndrome (Path of CN V - birthmark)
Portwine stain
3283
Other name for Sturge-Weber syndrome
Encephalogeminal Angiomatosis
3284
Is a rare congenital neurological and skin disorder. It is one of the phakomatoses and is often assoc with portwine stains of the face, glaucoma, seizures, mental retardation, and ipsilateral leptomeningeal angioma
Sturge-Weber syndrome (Encephalotrigeminal angiomatosis)
3285
Foramen of exit of Abducens nerve (CN VI)
SOF
3286
What muscle is innervated by CN VI
Lateral rectus of the eye
3287
Foramen exit of Facial nerve
Stylomastoid foramen
3288
Control scalp muscles around ear
Auricular nerve (Facial nerve)
3289
Innervates the Posterior belly of Digastric
Facial nerve
3290
5 major branches in Parotid gland (Facial nerve)
"The Zebra Bump My Car"
```
Temporal
Zygomatic
Buccal
Mandibular
Cervical
```
3291
What innervates the Parotid gland
CN IX - Glossopharyngeal nerve
3292
Parasympathetic innervation of Facial nerve (Chroda tympani)
Submandibular and sublingual gland
3293
3 other names for CN VIII
🔹Vestibulocochlear nerve
🔹Acoustic nerve
🔹Auditory nerve
3294
Foramen of exit of CN VIII - Vestibulocochlear nerve
Internal acoustic meatus
3295
Nerve for sense of Hearing
Vestibulocochlear nerve
3296
3 parts of the outer ear
🔹Auricle
🔹Ear canal
🔹Tympanic membrane/Eardrum
3297
Examples of Elastic Cartilages
🔹Pinna/Auricle
🔹Epiglottis
🔹Eustachian tube
3298
What is found in the middle ear
🔹Auditory Ossicles
| 🔹Eustachian tube
3299
What structures are found in the inner ear
🔹Cochlea
| 🔹Semicircular canals
3300
Receptor organ for hearing
Organ of corti
3301
Sensory receptors for hearing
"Hair-ing"
Hair cells
3302
Contains semicircular fluids for balance
Semicircular canals
3303
Foramen of exit of CN IX - Glossopharyngeal nerve
Jugular foramen
3304
Nerves that exits in the Jugular foramen
IX - Glossopharyngeal
X - vagus
X - Spinal accessory nerve
3305
Parasympathetic innervation of Glossopharyngeal nerve
Parotid gland
3306
General and taste sensation of Posterior 1/3 of the tongue
Glssopharyngeal (CN IX)
3307
Nerves involved in the Pharyngeal plexus
IX
X
XI
3308
Innervates all muscles of Palate and Pharynx
Pharyngeal plexus
3309
2 exceptions of Pharyngeal plexus
🔹Tensor veli palatini (V3)
| 🔹Stylopharyngeus (IX)
3310
Innervates the superior pharyngeal constrictor
Pharyngeal plexus
3311
Foramen of exit of CN X - Vagus nerve
Jugular foramen
3312
Vagus nerve has parasympathetic innervation of what organs
```
🔹Heart
🔹Lungs
🔹Digestive tract (stomach, intestines)
🔹Kidney
🔹Liver
```
3313
If you cut the vagus nerve, what happens to the heart's function
Increase force of contraction and heart rate
3314
Parasympathetic innervation of vagus nerve to heart =
Decrease force of contraction and heart rate
"VAGUS ang nag papaVAGAL ng heart"
3315
Once you cut the vagus nerve, digestive tract =
Slow or decreased digestion
| kasi parasympathetic func sa stomach is increased digestion = rest and digest
3316
Gag reflex - motor func
Vagus nerve - CN X
3317
Gag reflex - sensory
Glossopharyngeal - CN IX
3318
Base of the tongue: general and taste sensation
Vagus nerve
3319
The nerve that ENTERS and EXITS the skull
Spinal accessory nerve (XI)
3320
Where does the CN XI enter?
Foramen magnum
3321
Where does the CN XI exit?
Jugular foramen
3322
Muscles that are innervated by CN XI
🔹Trapezius
| 🔹Sternocleidomastoid
3323
Dse assoc with sternocleidomastoid
Torticollis aka "Wry neck"
3324
Sternocleido mastoid rotates chin towards what side
Opposite side of the body
3325
Foramen of exit of Hypoglossal nerve
Hypoglossal canal
| May sariling canal si bakla
3326
Innervates extrinsic muscles of tongue except Palatoglossus
Hypoglossal nerve
3327
Extrinsic muscles innervated by Hypoglossal nerve
Genioglossus
Styloglossus
Hyoglossus
3328
Palatoglossus is innervated by
Pharyngeal plexus (IX, X, XI)
3329
Moves tongue inferiorly and anteriorly
Genioglossus
3330
Move tongue inferiorly
Hyoglossus
3331
Moves tongue superiorly and posteriorly
Styloglossus
3332
Moves tongue superiorly towards palate and moves palate inferiorly towards tongue
Palatoglossus
3333
Longest intracranial nerve
Trochlear nerve CN IV
3334
Largest nerve supplying HEAD and NECK
Trigeminal nerve CN V
3335
What is neuralgia in CN V (trigeminal)
Tic Douloureux
3336
DOC for Tic Douloureux aka Trigeminal neuralgia
Tegretol (Carbamazepine)
3337
Largest cranial nerve supplying the Human Body
CN X - Vagus nerve
3338
Largest nerve in the human body
Sciatic nerve
3339
What is the Wandering nerve
CN X - Vagus nerve
3340
What innervates the Parotid gland
CN IX - Glossopharyngeal nerve
3341
What innervates the submandibular and sublingual glands
CN VII - Chorda tympani
3342
What cranial nerve assoc with Chorda tympani
CN VII - Facial nerve
3343
What cranial nerves with Parasympathetic innervation
Parasympathetic:
III - Pupil: Miosis = Pupillary constriction
VII - Subli/Submd = increase saliva secretion
IX - Parotid = increase saliva
X - Heart = decrease rate
GIT = increase metabolism
3344
What are the Vit K-dependent clotting factors produced by the Liver
CF II - Prothrombin
VII - Stable factor
IX - Christmas factor
X - Stuart factor
3345
CF 1
Fibrinogen
3346
CF 2
Prothrombin
3347
CF 3
Thromboplastin (Tissue factor)
3348
CF 4
Calcium
3349
CF 5
Labile factor
3350
CF 7
Stable factor
3351
CF 8
Antihemophilic factor
3352
CF 10
Stuart factor
3353
CF 11
Plasmathromboplastin Antecedent
3354
CF 12
Hagemann factor
3355
CF 13
Fibrin stabilizing factor
3356
Clotting factor deficient in Hemophilia A
CF 8 - Antihemophilic factor (8 - A - Anti)
3357
Deficient in Hemophilia B
CF 9 - Christmas factor
3358
Deficient in Hemophilia C
CF 11 - Plasma thromboplastin antecedent
3359
Most important clotting factor
CF 8 - Antihemohilic factor
3360
Cloting time
8 to 15 minutes
3361
Bleeding time
1 to 3 mins
3362
Bleeding is possible to stop even without blood clot because of
Platelet plug
3363
2 components of blood clot
Platelets and Fibrin
3364
Meshlike structure
Fibrin
3365
Electrolyte important for blot clotting
Calcium
3366
2 pathways in coagulation cascade
Intrinsic and extrinsic pathways
3367
Pathway wherein body is capable of forming blood clot without exposure to external environment
Intrinsic pathway
3368
Pathway in formation of blood clot wherein body is exposed to external environment
Extrinsic pathway
3369
Common factor of INTRINSIC and EXTRINSIC pathway
CF 10 - Stuart factor
3370
What are attached to CF 10
"CaVX"
Calcium
CF V - Labile factor
3371
Precursor of Fibrin
Fibrinogen
3372
Best to form blot clot: for clotting factors to meet
Pressure pack
3373
CaVX waits for
Prothrombin
3374
Converts Prothrombin to Thrombin
Ca V X
3375
Precursor of Thrombin
Prothrombin (II)
3376
Liver produces what clotting factor that is also the precursor of fibrin
Fibrinogen (I)
3377
Thrombin waits for what clotting factor to produce Fibrin (XIII)
CF 1 - Fibrinogen
3378
In hemophelia:
Problem?
Clotting time =
Bleeding time =
✔️Clotting time increased
| ✔️Normal bleeding time
3379
Lab test that measures how fast can the EXTRINSIC pathway activate Factor 10 (stuart factor)
"PeT"
Prothrombin time
3380
Normal PT (Prothrombin time)
PT = 9 to 13s
3381
Lab test that measures how fast can INTRINSIC pathway activate Factor X
Partial prothrombin time ("PTiT")
3382
Normal PTT (Partial thromboplastin time)
PTT = 25 to 35s
3383
Normal bleeding time
1-3s
| *boards = 2-3s*
3384
Normal platelet count
150,000-450,000 cells/mL
3385
Normal RBC count
5M cells/mL
3386
Life span of platelets
10 days
3387
Most numerous papillae
Filiform
3388
Only papillae without taste buds
Filiform
3389
Mushroom or fungus shape. Loc at the TIPS and SIDES of tongue
Fungiform
3390
Found posterolaterally of tongue
Foliate
3391
✔️Found in V shape sulcus of tongue.
✔️Largest
✔️Least numerous papillae
Circumvallate
3392
4 sensory branches of CN V3
🔹Long buccal nerve
🔹Lingual nerve
🔹IAN - mental/incisive nerve
🔹Auriculotemporal nerve
3393
4 motor branches of CN V3
TIME muscles
3394
4 other muscles that is innervated by CN V3
🔹Tensor tympani
🔹Tensor veli palatini
🔹Mylohyoid
🔹Ant belly of digastric
3395
Innervates the buccal mucosa of mandibular molars
Long buccal nerve
3396
Anterior /3 of tongue (general)
Lingual nerve
3397
Anterior 2/3 of tongue (taste)
Chorda tympani of Facial nerve (CN VII)
3398
Posterior 1/3 of tongue (general and taste)
CN IX - Glossopharyngeal
3399
Base of tongue (general and taste)
CN X - Vagus nerve
3400
Terminal branch of IAN
🔹Mental nerve (go for this✨)
| 🔹Incisive nerve
3401
Innervates the lower anterior teeth
Incisive nerve
3402
Exit of nasopalatine nerve or "Nerve of Scarpa"
Incisive foramen
3403
Innervates the TMJ and Scalp
Auriculotemporal nerve
3404
Syndrome associated with STURGE-WEBER Syndrome (Path of CN V - birthmark)
Portwine stain
3405
Other name for Sturge-Weber syndrome
Encephalogeminal Angiomatosis
3406
Is a rare congenital neurological and skin disorder. It is one of the phakomatoses and is often assoc with portwine stains of the face, glaucoma, seizures, mental retardation, and ipsilateral leptomeningeal angioma
Sturge-Weber syndrome (Encephalotrigeminal angiomatosis)
3407
Foramen of exit of Abducens nerve (CN VI)
SOF
3408
What muscle is innervated by CN VI
Lateral rectus of the eye
3409
Foramen exit of Facial nerve
Stylomastoid foramen
3410
Control scalp muscles around ear
Auricular nerve (Facial nerve)
3411
Innervates the Posterior belly of Digastric
Facial nerve
3412
5 major branches in Parotid gland (Facial nerve)
"The Zebra Bump My Car"
```
Temporal
Zygomatic
Buccal
Mandibular
Cervical
```
3413
What innervates the Parotid gland
CN IX - Glossopharyngeal nerve
3414
Parasympathetic innervation of Facial nerve (Chroda tympani)
Submandibular and sublingual gland
3415
3 other names for CN VIII
🔹Vestibulocochlear nerve
🔹Acoustic nerve
🔹Auditory nerve
3416
Foramen of exit of CN VIII - Vestibulocochlear nerve
Internal acoustic meatus
3417
Nerve for sense of Hearing
Vestibulocochlear nerve
3418
3 parts of the outer ear
🔹Auricle
🔹Ear canal
🔹Tympanic membrane/Eardrum
3419
Examples of Elastic Cartilages
🔹Pinna/Auricle
🔹Epiglottis
🔹Eustachian tube
3420
What is found in the middle ear
🔹Auditory Ossicles
| 🔹Eustachian tube
3421
What structures are found in the inner ear
🔹Cochlea
| 🔹Semicircular canals
3422
Receptor organ for hearing
Organ of corti
3423
Sensory receptors for hearing
"Hair-ing"
Hair cells
3424
Contains semicircular fluids for balance
Semicircular canals
3425
Foramen of exit of CN IX - Glossopharyngeal nerve
Jugular foramen
3426
Nerves that exits in the Jugular foramen
IX - Glossopharyngeal
X - vagus
X - Spinal accessory nerve
3427
Parasympathetic innervation of Glossopharyngeal nerve
Parotid gland
3428
General and taste sensation of Posterior 1/3 of the tongue
Glssopharyngeal (CN IX)
3429
Nerves involved in the Pharyngeal plexus
IX
X
XI
3430
Innervates all muscles of Palate and Pharynx
Pharyngeal plexus
3431
2 exceptions of Pharyngeal plexus
🔹Tensor veli palatini (V3)
| 🔹Stylopharyngeus (IX)
3432
Innervates the superior pharyngeal constrictor
Pharyngeal plexus
3433
Foramen of exit of CN X - Vagus nerve
Jugular foramen
3434
Vagus nerve has parasympathetic innervation of what organs
```
🔹Heart
🔹Lungs
🔹Digestive tract (stomach, intestines)
🔹Kidney
🔹Liver
```
3435
If you cut the vagus nerve, what happens to the heart's function
Increase force of contraction and heart rate
3436
Parasympathetic innervation of vagus nerve to heart =
Decrease force of contraction and heart rate
"VAGUS ang nag papaVAGAL ng heart"
3437
Once you cut the vagus nerve, digestive tract =
Slow or decreased digestion
| kasi parasympathetic func sa stomach is increased digestion = rest and digest
3438
Gag reflex - motor func
Vagus nerve - CN X
3439
Gag reflex - sensory
Glossopharyngeal - CN IX
3440
Base of the tongue: general and taste sensation
Vagus nerve
3441
The nerve that ENTERS and EXITS the skull
Spinal accessory nerve (XI)
3442
Where does the CN XI enter?
Foramen magnum
3443
Where does the CN XI exit?
Jugular foramen
3444
Muscles that are innervated by CN XI
🔹Trapezius
| 🔹Sternocleidomastoid
3445
Dse assoc with sternocleidomastoid
Torticollis aka "Wry neck"
3446
Sternocleido mastoid rotates chin towards what side
Opposite side of the body
3447
Foramen of exit of Hypoglossal nerve
Hypoglossal canal
| May sariling canal si bakla
3448
Innervates extrinsic muscles of tongue except Palatoglossus
Hypoglossal nerve
3449
Extrinsic muscles innervated by Hypoglossal nerve
Genioglossus
Styloglossus
Hyoglossus
3450
Palatoglossus is innervated by
Pharyngeal plexus (IX, X, XI)
3451
Moves tongue inferiorly and anteriorly
Genioglossus
3452
Move tongue inferiorly
Hyoglossus
3453
Moves tongue superiorly and posteriorly
Styloglossus
3454
Moves tongue superiorly towards palate and moves palate inferiorly towards tongue
Palatoglossus
3455
Longest intracranial nerve
Trochlear nerve CN IV
3456
Largest nerve supplying HEAD and NECK
Trigeminal nerve CN V
3457
What is neuralgia in CN V (trigeminal)
Tic Douloureux
3458
DOC for Tic Douloureux aka Trigeminal neuralgia
Tegretol (Carbamazepine)
3459
Largest cranial nerve supplying the Human Body
CN X - Vagus nerve
3460
Largest nerve in the human body
Sciatic nerve
3461
What is the Wandering nerve
CN X - Vagus nerve
3462
What innervates the Parotid gland
CN IX - Glossopharyngeal nerve
3463
What innervates the submandibular and sublingual glands
CN VII - Chorda tympani
3464
What cranial nerve assoc with Chorda tympani
CN VII - Facial nerve
3465
What cranial nerves with Parasympathetic innervation
Parasympathetic:
III - Pupil: Miosis = Pupillary constriction
VII - Subli/Submd = increase saliva secretion
IX - Parotid = increase saliva
X - Heart = decrease rate
GIT = increase metabolism
3466
What are the Vit K-dependent clotting factors produced by the Liver
CF II - Prothrombin
VII - Stable factor
IX - Christmas factor
X - Stuart factor
3467
CF 1
Fibrinogen
3468
CF 2
Prothrombin
3469
CF 3
Thromboplastin (Tissue factor)
3470
CF 4
Calcium
3471
CF 5
Labile factor
3472
CF 7
Stable factor
3473
CF 8
Antihemophilic factor
3474
CF 10
Stuart factor
3475
CF 11
Plasmathromboplastin Antecedent
3476
CF 12
Hagemann factor
3477
CF 13
Fibrin stabilizing factor
3478
Clotting factor deficient in Hemophilia A
CF 8 - Antihemophilic factor (8 - A - Anti)
3479
Deficient in Hemophilia B
CF 9 - Christmas factor
3480
Deficient in Hemophilia C
CF 11 - Plasma thromboplastin antecedent
3481
Most important clotting factor
CF 8 - Antihemohilic factor
3482
Cloting time
8 to 15 minutes
3483
Bleeding time
1 to 3 mins
3484
Bleeding is possible to stop even without blood clot because of
Platelet plug
3485
2 components of blood clot
Platelets and Fibrin
3486
Meshlike structure
Fibrin
3487
Electrolyte important for blot clotting
Calcium
3488
2 pathways in coagulation cascade
Intrinsic and extrinsic pathways
3489
Pathway wherein body is capable of forming blood clot without exposure to external environment
Intrinsic pathway
3490
Pathway in formation of blood clot wherein body is exposed to external environment
Extrinsic pathway
3491
Common factor of INTRINSIC and EXTRINSIC pathway
CF 10 - Stuart factor
3492
What are attached to CF 10
"CaVX"
Calcium
CF V - Labile factor
3493
Precursor of Fibrin
Fibrinogen
3494
Best to form blot clot: for clotting factors to meet
Pressure pack
3495
CaVX waits for
Prothrombin
3496
Converts Prothrombin to Thrombin
Ca V X
3497
Precursor of Thrombin
Prothrombin (II)
3498
Liver produces what clotting factor that is also the precursor of fibrin
Fibrinogen (I)
3499
Thrombin waits for what clotting factor to produce Fibrin (XIII)
CF 1 - Fibrinogen
3500
In hemophelia:
Problem?
Clotting time =
Bleeding time =
✔️Clotting time increased
| ✔️Normal bleeding time
3501
Lab test that measures how fast can the EXTRINSIC pathway activate Factor 10 (stuart factor)
"PeT"
Prothrombin time
3502
Normal PT (Prothrombin time)
PT = 9 to 13s
3503
Lab test that measures how fast can INTRINSIC pathway activate Factor X
Partial prothrombin time ("PTiT")
3504
Normal PTT (Partial thromboplastin time)
PTT = 25 to 35s
3505
Normal bleeding time
1-3s
| *boards = 2-3s*
3506
Normal platelet count
150,000-450,000 cells/mL
3507
Normal RBC count
5M cells/mL
3508
Life span of platelets
10 days
3509
Most numerous papillae
Filiform
3510
Only papillae without taste buds
Filiform
3511
Mushroom or fungus shape. Loc at the TIPS and SIDES of tongue
Fungiform
3512
Found posterolaterally of tongue
Foliate
3513
✔️Found in V shape sulcus of tongue.
✔️Largest
✔️Least numerous papillae
Circumvallate
3514
4 sensory branches of CN V3
🔹Long buccal nerve
🔹Lingual nerve
🔹IAN - mental/incisive nerve
🔹Auriculotemporal nerve
3515
4 motor branches of CN V3
TIME muscles
3516
4 other muscles that is innervated by CN V3
🔹Tensor tympani
🔹Tensor veli palatini
🔹Mylohyoid
🔹Ant belly of digastric
3517
Innervates the buccal mucosa of mandibular molars
Long buccal nerve
3518
Anterior /3 of tongue (general)
Lingual nerve
3519
Anterior 2/3 of tongue (taste)
Chorda tympani of Facial nerve (CN VII)
3520
Posterior 1/3 of tongue (general and taste)
CN IX - Glossopharyngeal
3521
Base of tongue (general and taste)
CN X - Vagus nerve
3522
Terminal branch of IAN
🔹Mental nerve (go for this✨)
| 🔹Incisive nerve
3523
Innervates the lower anterior teeth
Incisive nerve
3524
Exit of nasopalatine nerve or "Nerve of Scarpa"
Incisive foramen
3525
Innervates the TMJ and Scalp
Auriculotemporal nerve
3526
Syndrome associated with STURGE-WEBER Syndrome (Path of CN V - birthmark)
Portwine stain
3527
Other name for Sturge-Weber syndrome
Encephalogeminal Angiomatosis
3528
Is a rare congenital neurological and skin disorder. It is one of the phakomatoses and is often assoc with portwine stains of the face, glaucoma, seizures, mental retardation, and ipsilateral leptomeningeal angioma
Sturge-Weber syndrome (Encephalotrigeminal angiomatosis)
3529
Foramen of exit of Abducens nerve (CN VI)
SOF
3530
What muscle is innervated by CN VI
Lateral rectus of the eye
3531
Foramen exit of Facial nerve
Stylomastoid foramen
3532
Control scalp muscles around ear
Auricular nerve (Facial nerve)
3533
Innervates the Posterior belly of Digastric
Facial nerve
3534
5 major branches in Parotid gland (Facial nerve)
"The Zebra Bump My Car"
```
Temporal
Zygomatic
Buccal
Mandibular
Cervical
```
3535
What innervates the Parotid gland
CN IX - Glossopharyngeal nerve
3536
Parasympathetic innervation of Facial nerve (Chroda tympani)
Submandibular and sublingual gland
3537
3 other names for CN VIII
🔹Vestibulocochlear nerve
🔹Acoustic nerve
🔹Auditory nerve
3538
Foramen of exit of CN VIII - Vestibulocochlear nerve
Internal acoustic meatus
3539
Nerve for sense of Hearing
Vestibulocochlear nerve
3540
3 parts of the outer ear
🔹Auricle
🔹Ear canal
🔹Tympanic membrane/Eardrum
3541
Examples of Elastic Cartilages
🔹Pinna/Auricle
🔹Epiglottis
🔹Eustachian tube
3542
What is found in the middle ear
🔹Auditory Ossicles
| 🔹Eustachian tube
3543
What structures are found in the inner ear
🔹Cochlea
| 🔹Semicircular canals
3544
Receptor organ for hearing
Organ of corti
3545
Sensory receptors for hearing
"Hair-ing"
Hair cells
3546
Contains semicircular fluids for balance
Semicircular canals
3547
Foramen of exit of CN IX - Glossopharyngeal nerve
Jugular foramen
3548
Nerves that exits in the Jugular foramen
IX - Glossopharyngeal
X - vagus
X - Spinal accessory nerve
3549
Parasympathetic innervation of Glossopharyngeal nerve
Parotid gland
3550
General and taste sensation of Posterior 1/3 of the tongue
Glssopharyngeal (CN IX)
3551
Nerves involved in the Pharyngeal plexus
IX
X
XI
3552
Innervates all muscles of Palate and Pharynx
Pharyngeal plexus
3553
2 exceptions of Pharyngeal plexus
🔹Tensor veli palatini (V3)
| 🔹Stylopharyngeus (IX)
3554
Innervates the superior pharyngeal constrictor
Pharyngeal plexus
3555
Foramen of exit of CN X - Vagus nerve
Jugular foramen
3556
Vagus nerve has parasympathetic innervation of what organs
```
🔹Heart
🔹Lungs
🔹Digestive tract (stomach, intestines)
🔹Kidney
🔹Liver
```
3557
If you cut the vagus nerve, what happens to the heart's function
Increase force of contraction and heart rate
3558
Parasympathetic innervation of vagus nerve to heart =
Decrease force of contraction and heart rate
"VAGUS ang nag papaVAGAL ng heart"
3559
Once you cut the vagus nerve, digestive tract =
Slow or decreased digestion
| kasi parasympathetic func sa stomach is increased digestion = rest and digest
3560
Gag reflex - motor func
Vagus nerve - CN X
3561
Gag reflex - sensory
Glossopharyngeal - CN IX
3562
Base of the tongue: general and taste sensation
Vagus nerve
3563
The nerve that ENTERS and EXITS the skull
Spinal accessory nerve (XI)
3564
Where does the CN XI enter?
Foramen magnum
3565
Where does the CN XI exit?
Jugular foramen
3566
Muscles that are innervated by CN XI
🔹Trapezius
| 🔹Sternocleidomastoid
3567
Dse assoc with sternocleidomastoid
Torticollis aka "Wry neck"
3568
Sternocleido mastoid rotates chin towards what side
Opposite side of the body
3569
Foramen of exit of Hypoglossal nerve
Hypoglossal canal
| May sariling canal si bakla
3570
Innervates extrinsic muscles of tongue except Palatoglossus
Hypoglossal nerve
3571
Extrinsic muscles innervated by Hypoglossal nerve
Genioglossus
Styloglossus
Hyoglossus
3572
Palatoglossus is innervated by
Pharyngeal plexus (IX, X, XI)
3573
Moves tongue inferiorly and anteriorly
Genioglossus
3574
Move tongue inferiorly
Hyoglossus
3575
Moves tongue superiorly and posteriorly
Styloglossus
3576
Moves tongue superiorly towards palate and moves palate inferiorly towards tongue
Palatoglossus
3577
Longest intracranial nerve
Trochlear nerve CN IV
3578
Largest nerve supplying HEAD and NECK
Trigeminal nerve CN V
3579
What is neuralgia in CN V (trigeminal)
Tic Douloureux
3580
DOC for Tic Douloureux aka Trigeminal neuralgia
Tegretol (Carbamazepine)
3581
Largest cranial nerve supplying the Human Body
CN X - Vagus nerve
3582
Largest nerve in the human body
Sciatic nerve
3583
What is the Wandering nerve
CN X - Vagus nerve
3584
What innervates the Parotid gland
CN IX - Glossopharyngeal nerve
3585
What innervates the submandibular and sublingual glands
CN VII - Chorda tympani
3586
What cranial nerve assoc with Chorda tympani
CN VII - Facial nerve
3587
What cranial nerves with Parasympathetic innervation
Parasympathetic:
III - Pupil: Miosis = Pupillary constriction
VII - Subli/Submd = increase saliva secretion
IX - Parotid = increase saliva
X - Heart = decrease rate
GIT = increase metabolism
3588
What are the Vit K-dependent clotting factors produced by the Liver
CF II - Prothrombin
VII - Stable factor
IX - Christmas factor
X - Stuart factor
3589
CF 1
Fibrinogen
3590
CF 2
Prothrombin
3591
CF 3
Thromboplastin (Tissue factor)
3592
CF 4
Calcium
3593
CF 5
Labile factor
3594
CF 7
Stable factor
3595
CF 8
Antihemophilic factor
3596
CF 10
Stuart factor
3597
CF 11
Plasmathromboplastin Antecedent
3598
CF 12
Hagemann factor
3599
CF 13
Fibrin stabilizing factor
3600
Clotting factor deficient in Hemophilia A
CF 8 - Antihemophilic factor (8 - A - Anti)
3601
Deficient in Hemophilia B
CF 9 - Christmas factor
3602
Deficient in Hemophilia C
CF 11 - Plasma thromboplastin antecedent
3603
Most important clotting factor
CF 8 - Antihemohilic factor
3604
Cloting time
8 to 15 minutes
3605
Bleeding time
1 to 3 mins
3606
Bleeding is possible to stop even without blood clot because of
Platelet plug
3607
2 components of blood clot
Platelets and Fibrin
3608
Meshlike structure
Fibrin
3609
Electrolyte important for blot clotting
Calcium
3610
2 pathways in coagulation cascade
Intrinsic and extrinsic pathways
3611
Pathway wherein body is capable of forming blood clot without exposure to external environment
Intrinsic pathway
3612
Pathway in formation of blood clot wherein body is exposed to external environment
Extrinsic pathway
3613
Common factor of INTRINSIC and EXTRINSIC pathway
CF 10 - Stuart factor
3614
What are attached to CF 10
"CaVX"
Calcium
CF V - Labile factor
3615
Precursor of Fibrin
Fibrinogen
3616
Best to form blot clot: for clotting factors to meet
Pressure pack
3617
CaVX waits for
Prothrombin
3618
Converts Prothrombin to Thrombin
Ca V X
3619
Precursor of Thrombin
Prothrombin (II)
3620
Liver produces what clotting factor that is also the precursor of fibrin
Fibrinogen (I)
3621
Thrombin waits for what clotting factor to produce Fibrin (XIII)
CF 1 - Fibrinogen
3622
In hemophelia:
Problem?
Clotting time =
Bleeding time =
✔️Clotting time increased
| ✔️Normal bleeding time
3623
Lab test that measures how fast can the EXTRINSIC pathway activate Factor 10 (stuart factor)
"PeT"
Prothrombin time
3624
Normal PT (Prothrombin time)
PT = 9 to 13s
3625
Lab test that measures how fast can INTRINSIC pathway activate Factor X
Partial prothrombin time ("PTiT")
3626
Normal PTT (Partial thromboplastin time)
PTT = 25 to 35s
3627
Normal bleeding time
1-3s
| *boards = 2-3s*
3628
Normal platelet count
150,000-450,000 cells/mL
3629
Normal RBC count
5M cells/mL
3630
Life span of platelets
10 days
3631
Most numerous papillae
Filiform
3632
Only papillae without taste buds
Filiform
3633
Mushroom or fungus shape. Loc at the TIPS and SIDES of tongue
Fungiform
3634
Found posterolaterally of tongue
Foliate
3635
✔️Found in V shape sulcus of tongue.
✔️Largest
✔️Least numerous papillae
Circumvallate
