Chapter 50: IBD- Crohn's Disease Flashcards
1
Q
Crohn’s disease:
Incidence
A
3–6/100,000
2
Q
At-risk population
A
- High in the Jewish population
- low in the African black population
- similarrates between African American and U.S. white populations
3
Q
Sex?
A
Female > male
4
Q
Distribution?
A
Bimodal distribution (i.e., two peaks in incidence):
- peak incidence at 25 to 40 years of age
- second bimodal distribution peak at 50 to 65 years of age
5
Q
Crohn’s disease initial symptoms
A
- Abdominal pain
- diarrhea
- fever
- weight loss
- anal disease
6
Q
Crohn’s disease anatomic distribution
A
Classic phrasing “mouth to anus”
- Small bowel only (20%)
- Small bowel and colon (40%)
- Colon only (30%)
7
Q
Crohn’s disease route of spread
A
Small bowel, colon, or both with “skip areas” of normal bowel; hence, the name “regional enteritis”
8
Q
Bowel wall involvement
A
Full thickness (transmural involvement)
9
Q
Anal involvemement
A
Common:
- fistulae
- abscesses
- fissures
- ulcers
10
Q
Rectal involvement
A
Rare
11
Q
Mucosal findings
A
- Aphthoid ulcers
- Granulomas
- Linear ulcers
- Transverse fissures
- Swollen mucosa
- Full-thickness wall involvement
12
Q
Diagnostic tests
A
- Colonoscopy with biopsy
- barium enema
- UGI with small bowel follow through
- stool cultures
13
Q
Complications
A
- Anal fistula/abscess
- fistula
- stricture
- perforation
- abscesses
- toxic megacolon
- colovesical fistula
- enterovaginal fistula
- hemorrhage
- obstruction
- cancer
14
Q
Cancer risk
A
Overall increased risk, but about half that of ulcerative colitis
15
Q
Incidence of toxic megacolon
A
≈5%
