Chapter 17: Fluids and Electrolytes- Intro

Question 1

What are the two major body fluid compartments?

Answer 1

Intracellular

Extracellular

Question 2

What are the two subcompartments of extracellular fluid?

Answer 2

Interstitial fluid (in between cells)

Intravascular fluid (plasma)

Question 3

What percentage of body weight is in fluid?

Answer 3

60%

Question 4

What percentage of body fluid is intracellular?

Answer 4

2/3

Question 5

What percentage of body fluid is extracellular?

Answer 5

1/3

Question 6

What is the composition of body fluid?

Answer 6

Fluids = 60% total body weight:I

ntracellular = 40% total body weight

Extracellular = 20% total body weight

Question 7

On average, what percentage of ideal body weight does blood account for in adults?

Answer 7

≈7%

Question 8

How many liters of blood are in a 70-kg man?

Answer 8

0.07 × 70 = 5 liters

Question 9

What is the physiologic response to hypovolemia?

Answer 9

Sodium/H2O retention via renin → aldosterone, water retention via ADH

vasoconstriction via angiotensin II and sympathetics, low urine output and tachycardia (early), hypotension (late)