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Microbiology > E2- Mono and Lyme Disease > Flashcards

E2- Mono and Lyme Disease Flashcards

1
Q

What is the causative agent of Mononucleosis?

A

Epstein-Barr virus

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2
Q

What cancer in linked to the EBV?

A

Burkitt’s lymphoma (In regions in Africa- environmental, occurs earlier in life)

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3
Q

Where does the primary EBV replicate?

A

Oropharynx and eventually reaches lymph nodes

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4
Q

What type of cell is infected by EBV?

A

B cell infection inducing polyclonal expansion of lymphocytes

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5
Q

How does Mononucleosis present?

A 
Sore throat (palatal enanthem with petechial lesions)
Lymphadenopathy
Fever
Hepatomegaly/splenomegaly
Increased liver enzymes and jaundice
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6
Q

What type of cell appears in circulation of Mononucleosis and what does it do?

A 
Atypical lymphocytes (Downey Cells)
Controls and halts infections
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7
Q

What generates most of the sxs in Mononucleosis?

A

T cell response

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8
Q

How is Mononucleosis transmitted?

A

Person-to-person

Virus is found in saliva for ~1 mo

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9
Q

What age group has the highest incidence of Mononucleosis?

A

17-25

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10
Q

What is used to dx Mononucleosis?

A 
Monospot test (if pt has heterophile antibodies it will agglutinate in horse RBCs)
Confirm via serology (IgM, anti-VCA)
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11
Q

What is used to tx Mononucleosis?

A

Symptomatic

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12
Q

What is the monospot test dependent upon? Why?

A

Age

Pre-teen pts may not have strong heterophile antibody response

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13
Q

What is the main difference bteween EBV and Cytomegalovirus (CMV)?

A

CMV does not produce heterophile antibodies

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14
Q

Who is CMV most problematic for?

A

Transplant and immunosuppressed pts

Pregnant women

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15
Q

If you give penicillin to a pt with mono, what will happen?

A

Penicillin reaction-rash

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16
Q

Who man be a source of many CMV infections?

A

Children with minor colds

17
Q

How is Mumps controlled?

A

Vaccines (MMR)

18
Q

Who should not receive the MMR vaccine?

A

Egg or neomycin sensitive pts

19
Q

What is the causative agent of Lyme disease?

A

Borrelia burgdorferi

20
Q

What disease is Lyme disease similar to?

A

Syphilis

21
Q

What are the clinical manifestations of stage 1 of Lyme disease?

A

Acute localized rash
Erythema migrans at site of tick bite
Bulls eye rash (only in 80% of pts and fades in less than 1 mo)
Flu-like sxs

22
Q

What are the clinical manifestations of stage 2 of Lyme disease?

A

Subacute disseminated disease (2 wks- months later)
Flu-like sxs
Asymmetric arthritis attacks (swelling/pain of large joints- kn ees)
Multiple annular skin lesions
(hepatitis, meningitis, follicular conjunctivitis are less common)

23
Q

What are the clinical manifestations of stage 3 of Lyme disease?

A

Chronic disease
Musculoskeletal manifestations
Arthritis attacks become more persistent and last longer

24
Q

What are the tick vectors of Lyme disease?

A

Deer tick or black legged tick

25
Q

What are some small animal reservoirs of Lyme disease?

A

Rodents, rats, mice, and birds

26
Q

A substantial portion of human infections are transmitted by ticks in what stage?

A

Nymphal stage (very small)

27
Q

How is Lyme disease dx?

A

Serology- EIA plus Western blot if EIA is positive

28
Q

What is a problem with serology testing for Lyme disease?

A

False positives

29
Q

When do pts typically become positive in serology testing of Lyme disease?

A

4th week of infection

30
Q

What may occur after treatment of Lyme disease?

A

Post Treatment Lyme Disease Syndrome

Lingering fatigue, pain, and joint problems

31
Q

How is Lyme disease prevented?

A

Avoidance of vector contact

Repellents with DEET

32
Q

What is the treatment of CMV?

A

Ganciclovir and immunoglobulin

33
Q

What is the treatment for symptomatic Lyme disease?

A

Amoxicillin or doxycycline for 10-21 days

Microbiology (23 decks)

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