Renal Surgery

Question 1

Rahal, JAVMA, 2014:
Giant kidney worms

1. What % of dogs required nephrectomy?
2. What % of dogs had parasites free within the abdominal cavity?
3. Were ultrasound and CT more effective for detecting giant kidney worms in the kidney or the abdominal cavity?

Answer 1

Rahal, JAVMA, 2014:

1. 87% required nephrectomy
2. 47% had parasites free within the abdominal cavity
3. Ultrasound and CT were more effective for detecting the parasites in the kidney than in the abdominal cavity

Question 2

Kuntz, JAVMA, 2015:
Double pigtail ureteral stunting for renal-sparing treatment of obstructive pyonephrosis

1. Intra-op complication rate?
2. Short-term complications?
3. Long-term complications?
4. What % of the dogs developed recurrent UTIs?

Answer 2

Kuntz, JAVMA, 2015:

1. Intra-op complication rate: 14%
2. Short-term complications: bladder hematoma, transient dysuria
3. Long-term complications: stent encrustation, stent migration, tissue proliferation at the ureterovesicular junction
4. 54% developed recurrent UTIs

Question 3

Crivellenti, JAVMA, 2018:
Core needle renal biopsies vs laparotomy or laparoscopic biopsies

1. What factor(s) were associated with the number of glomeruli obtained per needle core specimen?
2. Specimens obtained by which approach(es) more commonly contained medullary tissue?

Answer 3

Crivellenti, JAVMA, 2018:

1. Factors associated with the number of glomeruli obtained per needle core specimen: needle gauge, patient age, serum creatinine concentration, degree of proteinuria
2. Specimens obtained via laparotomy or laparoscopic approaches more commonly contained medullary tissue compared to ultrasound-guided approaches

Question 4

McAloney, JAVMA, 2018:
Cytologic examination of renal FNAs

1. What % of specimens had slides adequate for interpretation?
2. Sensitivity of cytologic examination for detection of neoplastic vs non-neoplastic conditions?
3. Specificity of cytologic examination for detection of neoplastic vs non-neoplastic conditions?

Answer 4

McAloney, JAVMA, 2018:

1. 72% of specimens had slides adequate for interpretation
2. Sensitivity of cytologic examination: 78% for neoplastic conditions vs 50% for non-neoplastic conditions
3. Specificity of cytologic examination: 50% for neoplastic conditions vs 77% for non-neoplastic conditions

Question 5

Petrovsky, JAVMA, 2019:
Endoscopic nephrolithotomy

1. What was the most common nephrolith type?
2. Procedure-related complications?
3. Mortality rate?

Answer 5

Petrovsky, JAVMA, 2019:

1. Most common nephrolith type was calcium oxalate
2. Procedure-related complications: renal puncture-associated hemorrhage requiring blood transfusion, renal capsule tear, ureteral puncture
3. Mortality rate: 0%