Urethral Surgery

Question 1

Hetrick and Davidow, JAVMA, 2013:
Recurrent feline urethral obstruction

1. Overall recurrence rates at 24 hours and 30 days after initial urinary catheterization?
2. Administration of which drug was associated with lower recurrence rates?
3. Use of what sized urinary catheter was associated with lower recurrence rates?
4. Was there any association between duration of urinary catheterization, administration of antimicrobials or meloxicam, or consistent administration of pain relief during initial urethral catheterization and recurrent urethral obstruction?

Answer 1

Hetrick and Davidow, JAVMA, 2013:

1. Overall recurrence rates: 11% at 24 hours and 24% at 30 days after initial urinary catheterization
2. Administration of prazosin was associated with lower recurrence rates compared to administration of phenoxybenzamine
3. Use of a 3.5Fr urinary catheter was associated with lower recurrence rates compared to use of a 5Fr urinary catheter
4. No, there was no association between duration of urinary catheterization, administration of antimicrobials or meloxicam, or consistent administration of pain relief during initial urethral catheterization and recurrent urethral obstruction

Question 2

Hill, JVIM, 2014:
Urethral stent placement in dogs

1. Continence rates?
2. Long-term clinical outcome?

Answer 2

Hill, JVIM, 2014:

1. 55% continent, 27% mildly incontinent, 9% moderately incontinent, 9% severely incontinent
2. Excellent long-term outcome

Question 3

Brace, Vet Surg, 2014:
Self-expanding metallic stents for non-urolith urethral obstruction in cats

1. Outcomes?
2. Continence rates?

Answer 3

Brace, Vet Surg, 2014:

1. 39% excellent outcomes, 12% good outcomes, 25% fair outcomes, 25% poor outcomes
2. 50% continent, 25% moderately incontinent, 25% severely incontinent

Question 4

Carr, Vet Surg, 2014:
Urethral prolapse in dogs

1. What breed had a 367 odds ratio for urethral prolapse compared to other breeds?
2. Most common early post-op complication?
3. What was associated with less post-op hemorrhage?
4. Recurrence rate?
5. Castration status did not affect prolapse development or outcome - true or false?

Answer 4

Carr, Vet Surg, 2014:

1. English Bulldogs had a 367 odds ratio for urethral prolapse compared to other breeds
2. Most common early post-op complication: hemorrhage (39%)
3. A simple continuous suture pattern for resection and anastomosis was associated with less post-op hemorrhage
4. Recurrence rate: 57%
5. True

Question 5

Frem, JAVMA, 2017:
Use of poliglecaprone 25 for perineal urethrostomy in cats

1. Minor and major short-term complication rates?
2. Minor long-term complication rate?
3. What was associated with the development of minor short-term complications?
4. Was the use of an indwelling urinary catheter post-op associated with post-op complications?

Answer 5

Frem, JAVMA, 2017:

1. Short-term complication rates: 18% minor, 2% major
2. Minor long-term complication rate: 42%
3. Pre-op UTI was associated with the development of minor short-term complications
4. No, use of an indwelling urinary catheter post-op was not associated with post-op complications

Question 6

Seitz, JAVMA, 2018:
Indwelling catheter placement in cats

What % of cats developed recurrent urethral obstruction?

Answer 6

Seitz, JAVMA, 2018:

42% developed recurrent urethral obstruction