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Pharmacology II > Exam #3 AEs > Flashcards

Exam #3 AEs Flashcards

1
Q

AEs of FSH (hMG) and LH (hCG) (2)?

A
  • Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (ovarian enlargement)

- Multiple pregnancies

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2
Q

AEs of Estrogen (3)?

A
  • Migraines
  • Blood clots/accelerated blood clotting
  • Endometrial hyperplasia (why always combined with P)
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3
Q

AE of Clomiphene?

A

Multiple pregnancies

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4
Q

AEs of combination contraception (P + E) (4)?

A
  • CVD issues (clotting, HTN, migraine, stroke)
  • Women 35+ AND smoker
  • Teratogenic
  • Infertility
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5
Q

What are four COMMON AEs associated with combination contraception (P + E)?

A
  • Weight gain
  • Nausea
  • Edema
  • Depression
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6
Q

Long-term AEs of Progestin-ONLY (2, early vs. late)?

A
  • Early: breakthrough bleeding

- Late: amenorrhea

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7
Q

AEs of Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT) (2)?

A
  • Breast CA

- CV risks (if 10+ years post-menopause)

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8
Q

AEs of androgens (3)?

A
  • Acne/oily skin
  • Decreased HDL
  • Psych changes
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9
Q

What additional AE is seen with androgens in MALES?

A

Decreased spermatogenesis (high exogenous T → low LH/FSH via negative FB)

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10
Q

What two additional AEs are seen with androgens in FEMALES?

A
  • Masculinization

- Pseudohermaphroditism in fetus

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11
Q

AEs of Finasteride (Propecia)?

A
  • Gynecomastia

- ED

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12
Q

AEs of Insulin use (2)?

A
  • Hypoglycemia (incudes cognitive dysfunction)

- Weight gain

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13
Q

AE of Flutamide?

A

Antiandrogen

- Hepatotoxicity (reversible)

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14
Q

AE of Metformin (3)? Which is most common, and which is most dangerous?

A
  • Diarrhea = most common
  • Lactic acidosis = most dangerous
  • Vitamin B12 deficiency
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15
Q

Two DM drug classes that have AE of weight gain?

A
  • TZDs

- SUs

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16
Q

DM drug class that has AE of hypoglycemia?

A

SUs

17
Q

Two DM drug classes that have AE of pancreatitis?

A
  • GLP-1 Receptor Agonists

- DPP-4 Inhibitors

18
Q

AE of GLP-1 Receptor Agonists?

A

Pancreatitis

19
Q

AE of DPP-4 Inhibitors?

A

Pancreatitis

20
Q

AE of SGLT2 Inhibitors?

A

Female GU issues (mycotic infections, UTI, urinary frequency)

21
Q

AEs of TZDs (2)?

A
  • Weight gain

- Edema

22
Q

AE of Acarbose and Miglitol?

A

Flatulance

- Alpha-Glucosidase Inhibitors

23
Q

AE of SUs (2)?

A
  • Hypoglycemia

- Weight gain

24
Q

AE of Repaglinide?

A

Hypoglycemia

- Meglitinides

25
Q

AE of Pramlintide?

A

Hypoglycemia WHEN combined with Insulin (should be always)

26
Q

AEs of Oxytocin (3)?

A
  • Water intoxication with convulsions (ADH-like)
  • Uterine rupture with high doses
  • Sinus bradycardia in fetus
27
Q

AEs of Dinoprostone, Carboprost tromethamine, Misoprostol (2)?

A
  • GI disturbances

- DIARRHEA (especially Dinoprostone)

28
Q

AE of Indomethacin?

A

Partial closure of fetal ductus arteriosus (because PGs used to keep it open, and no PG synthesis)

29
Q

AE of hypothyroid drugs? Recommended plan if AEs present?

A

Hyperthyroid sxs

- Reduce dose (or stop short term then resume at lower dose)

30
Q

AEs of Methimazole, PTU (3)? Which is most common?

A
  • Itching/skin rash = most common
  • Granulocytopenia and agranulocytosis
  • Goiter
31
Q

AE of PTU?

A

Severe liver injury/Acute liver failure = BLACK BOX warning

32
Q

AEs of Calcitonin (3)?

A
  • Allergic reaction (comes from salmon)
  • Rhinitis/sinusitis = intranasal
  • N/V = injection
33
Q

AEs of Teriparatide and Abaloparatide (2)?

A
  • Hypercalcemia

- Hypercalciuria

34
Q

AEs of Alendronate, Risedronate, Ibandronate, Zoledronic Acid (4)?

A
  • N/V
  • Osteonecrosis of jaw bone
  • Atypical bone fractrures
  • Renal toxicity if given too fast (IV)
35
Q

AEs associated with long-term use of Glucocorticoids (4)? Which is also associated with short-term use?

A
  • CNS (short-term use too)
  • Infection
  • Hyperglycemia
  • Osteoporosis
36
Q

Important AE associated with long-term use of Glucocorticoids? What can be done to avoid this?

A

Iatrogenic Adrenal Insufficiency (Cushing’s-like) = HPA depression
- TAPER to avoid this (no abrupt discontinuation)

Pharmacology II (20 decks)

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