Chapter 5: Integumentary System

Question 1

Carbuncle

Answer 1

A skin infection that often involves a group of hair follicles. The infected material forms a lump, which occurs deep in the skin: the medical term for multiple boils.

Question 2

Cold Sore

Answer 2

A lesion that typically occurs in or around the mouth and is caused by a dormant herpes simplex virus that may be reactivated by factors such as stress, fever, or sunburn. Also called fever blister.

Question 3

Comedo

Answer 3

The primary sign of acne consisting of an englarged pore filled with skin debris, bacteria, and sebum (oil); the medical term for blackhead.

Question 4

Dermatology

Answer 4

The branch of medicine concerned with the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of diseases of the skin, hair, and nails.

Question 5

Eczema

Answer 5

Rash characterized by inflamed, itchy, dry, scaly, or irritated skin.

Question 6

Frostbite

Answer 6

Injury to body tissues caused by exposure to below-freezing temperatures, typically affecting the nose, fingers, or toes and sometimes resulting in gangrene.

Question 7

Furuncle

Answer 7

A skin infection involving an entire hair follicle and nearby skin tissue; the medical term for a boil.

Question 8

Gangrene

Answer 8

A term that describes dead or dying body tissue that occurs because the local blood supply to the tissue either lost or inadequate to keep the tissue alive.

Question 9

Impetigo

Answer 9

An infection of the surface of the skin, caused by staphylococcus (“staph”) or streptococcus (“strep”) bacteria.

Question 10

Nevus

Answer 10

A benign pigmented spot on the skin such as a mole.

Question 11

Onycholysis

Answer 11

A nail disorder characterized by a spontaneous separation of the nail bed starting at the distal free margin and progressing proximally.

Question 12

Pallor

Answer 12

An unhealthy pale appearance.

Question 13

Porphyria

Answer 13

A rare hereditary disease in which the blood pigment hemorglobin is abnormally metabolized. Porphyrins are excreted in the urine, which becomes dark; other symptoms include mental disturbances and extreme sensitivity of the skin to light.

Question 14

Rosacea

Answer 14

A condition in which certain facial blood vessels enlarge giving the cheeks and nose a flushed appearance.

Question 15

Scleroderma

Answer 15

An idiopathic chronic autoimmune disease characterized by hardening and contraction of the skin and connective tissue, either locally or throughout the body.

Question 16

Tinea

Answer 16

A skin infection caused by fungus; also called ringworm.

Question 17

Urticaria

Answer 17

Skin condition characterized by red, itchy, raised areas that appear in varying shapes and sizes; commonly called hives.

Question 18

Aprocrine Sweat Glands

Answer 18

A mode of secretion in which the glandular cell sheds portions of its cytoplasm.

Question 19

Arrector Pili Muscle

Answer 19

Smooth muscle whose contractions force hairs to stand erect.

Question 20

Carotene

Answer 20

A yellowish-orange pigment, found in carrots, sweet potatoes, and other vegetables, that the body can convert to vitamin A.

Question 21

Cerumen

Answer 21

The waxy secretion of the ceruminous glands along the external acoustic meatus.

Question 22

Ceruminous Glands

Answer 22

Integumentary glands the secrete cerumen.

Question 23

Cortex

Answer 23

The outer layer or region of an organ or bone.

Question 24

Cutaneous Membrane

Answer 24

The epidermis and papillary layer of the dermis.

Question 25

Cuticle

Answer 25

The layer of dead, keratinized cells that surrounds the shaft of a hair for nails.

Question 26

Cyanosis

Answer 26

An abnormal bluish coloration of the skin due to the presence of deoxygenated blood in vessels near the body surface.

Question 27

Dermatitis

Answer 27

An inflammation of the skin.

Question 28

Eccrine Sweat Glands

Answer 28

Sweat glands of the skin that produce a watery secretion.

Question 29

Eponychium

Answer 29

A narrow zone of stratum corneum that extends across the surface of a nail at its exposed base; also called the cuticle.

Question 30

Hair Follicles

Answer 30

An accessory structures of the integument; a tube lined by a stratified squamous epithelium that begins at the surface of the skin and ends at the hair papilla.

Question 31

Hairs

Answer 31

A keratinous strand produced by epithelial cells of the hair follicle.

Question 32

Hypodermic Needle

Answer 32

A needle inserted through the skin to introduce drugs into the subcutaneous layer.

Question 33

Integument

Answer 33

The skin.

Question 34

Keratin

Answer 34

The tough, fibrous protein component of nails, hair, calluses, and the general integumentary surface.

Question 35

Mammary Glands

Answer 35

Milk-producing glands of the female breasts.

Question 36

Medulla

Answer 36

The inner layer or core of an organ.

Question 37

Melanin

Answer 37

The red-yellow or brown-black pigments produced by the melanocytes of the skin.

Question 38

Melanocytes

Answer 38

A specialized cell in the deeper layers of the stratified epithelium of the skin; responsible for the production of melanin.

Question 39

Nails

Answer 39

A keratinous structure produced by epithelial cells of the nail root.

Question 40

Scar Tissue

Answer 40

The thick collagenous tissue that forms at an injury site.

Question 41

Sebaceous Glands

Answer 41

Glands that secrete sebum; normally associated with hair follicles.

Question 42

Sebum

Answer 42

A waxy secretion that coats the surfaces of hairs.

Question 43

Sensible Perspiration

Answer 43

Water loss due to secretion by sweat glands.