Midtarsal joint

Question 1

Midtarsal joint composed of 2 joints

Answer 1

1. Talonavicular

2. Calcaneocuboid

Question 2

Midtarsal joint composed of 2 axes

Answer 2

1. Longitudinal midtarsal joint axis (LMJA)

2. Oblique Midtarsal Joint Axis (OMJA)

Question 3

Midtarsal joint is —————-and each axis is ————–

Answer 3

Biaxial

Triplanar

Question 4

LMJA is ———from the transverse plane

Answer 4

15º

Question 5

LMJA is———-from the sagittal plane

Answer 5

9º

Question 6

LMJA is ———-from the frontal plane

Answer 6

75º

Question 7

LMJA provides primarily ———plane motion

Answer 7

Frontal

Question 8

OMJA is located ——–from the transverse plane

Answer 8

52º

Question 9

OMJA is located ———-from the Sagittal plane

Answer 9

57º

Question 10

OMJA is located ———-from the frontal plane

Answer 10

38º

Question 11

Primary motion at the OMJA is

Answer 11

dorsiflexion/ platarflexion ( Sagittal plane)

with equal amount of abduction/adduction (transverse plane)

Question 12

The OMJA is sometimes referred to as

Answer 12

secondary ankle joint

Question 13

The OMJA is sometimes referred to as secondary ankle joint because

Answer 13

The OMJA can provide dorsiflexion.

Question 14

The range of motion of the midtarsal joint is highly dependent upon the position of

Answer 14

subtalar joint

Question 15

As the subtalar joint pronates

Answer 15

The axis becomes more parallel and we get increased ROM

Question 16

As the axis becomes more oblique

Answer 16

we get decreased ROM

Question 17

The relationship of the axis determines

Answer 17

what kind of motion is available

Question 18

What is Elftman’s theory?

Answer 18

• As the subtalar joint becomes pronated, the 2 axes become more parallel, increasing the mid tarsal range of motion available
• As the subtalar joint supinates, the 2 axes become more divergent, causing decreased range of motion available at the midtarsal joint .

Question 19

pronation of mid-tarsal joint , causes

Answer 19

increase in midtarsal joint range of motion

Question 20

Supination of midtarsal joint, causes

Answer 20

decrease in midtarasl joint range of motion

Question 21

Elfman’s theory suggests that if the subtalar joint is in neutral position, the maximally pronated position of the forefoot

Answer 21

should be perpendicular to the calcaneal bisection

Question 22

If the subtalar joint is maximally supinated,the maximally everted (pronated)position of midtarsal joint (forefoot relative to the rear foot)

Answer 22

may be inverted relative to the calcaneal bisection

Question 23

If the subtalar joint is maximally pronated, the maximally everted (pronated) position of the midtarsal joint

Answer 23

may demonstrate an everted position of the forefoot relative to the rearfoot (Calcaneal bisection)
for these make sure you look at the pictures

Question 24

when subtalar joint pronates

Answer 24

the OMJA and the LMJA are parallel to each other

Question 25

For measuring the midtarsal joint,

Answer 25

you want the subtalar joint in the neutral position and midtarsal maximally pronated

Question 26

For each subtalar joint position how many positions are available at the midtarsal joint?

Answer 26

1. Maximally supinated 2. Supinated 3. Maximally pronated

Question 27

In off-weight bearing (OKC) the -------joint effects the ------------joint position and ROM

Answer 27

Subtalar | midtarsal

Question 28

The -----------joint DOES NOT effect -----------joint in OKC

Answer 28

Midtarsal | Subtalar

Question 29

What is the "locked" position of midtarsal joint?

Answer 29

Maximally pronated position

Question 30

Locked position of midtarsal joint provides

Answer 30

Stability of the foot during gait

Question 31

If the midtarsal joint is not maximally pronated

Answer 31

it is supinated

Question 32

Midtarsal joint locking occurs as a result of

Answer 32

- cuboid rotating until its dorsal border touch the anterior overhang of the calcaneus - soft tissue effects - Although ligaments contribute to the stability the Peroneus longus and Posterior tibial muscles are important as well

Question 33

Fibularis longus acts to

Answer 33

- stabilize the 1st ray - Resisting inversion force of the midtarsal joint - Stabilize the 1st ray against the lesser tarsus

Question 34

The tibialis posterior applies

Answer 34

an adduction moment to the lesser tarsus

Question 35

Tibialis posteior and Fibularis longus function together or against each other to

Answer 35

prevent excessive motion at the midtarsal joint

Question 36

What is the dominant plane of the midtarsal joint and why?

Answer 36

Because the LMJA is so close to the transverse and sagittal planes, dominance other that frontal plane is unlikely it is basically saying that there is more angulation to the frontal plabe

Question 37

What are dominant plane(s) at OMJA?

Answer 37

Transverse and Sagittal planes -mostly sagittal though (because they almost have equal angulations) changes from normal will very likely produce dominant motion in one plane.

Question 38

Sagittal plane dominance ~Motion at the OMJA will be increase in the ----------plane , particularly in the direction of -----------

Answer 38

Sagittal plane | Dorsiflexion

Question 39

Transverse plane dominance ~ | ------------sagittal plane motion will be available making the OMJA less likely to compensate for ---------------

Answer 39

Less | Ankle joint equinus

Question 40

Transverse plane dominance ~ | -----------transverse plane motion will be available, which is ------------to control clinically

Answer 40

More | More difficult

Question 41

What is Equinus?

Answer 41

Equinus is a condition in which the upward bending motion of the ankle joint is limited

Question 42

LMJA can readily compensate for

Answer 42

pronatory deformities at the subtalar joint

Question 43

LMJA is unable to compensate for

Answer 43

inverted rearfoot deformities

Question 44

If we have a pronated foot what will be the motion at the mid-tarsal joint?

Answer 44

inversion

Question 45

LMJA undergoes

Answer 45

Supination

Question 46

OMJA undergoes

Answer 46

Pronation