Chpt. 8 - Nail Structure & Growth Flashcards

1
Q

Nails are an appendage of the skin and are part of what body system?

A

INTEGUMENTARY

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2
Q

A healthy nail is smooth, shiny, & _____?

A

TRANSLUCENT

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3
Q

The portion of the living skin on which the nail plate sits is the _____?

A

NAIL BED

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4
Q

The hard protective plate found at the ends of fingers and toes are _____?

A

NATURAL NAILS

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5
Q

The area under a healthy nail plate should appear _____?

A

PINKISH

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6
Q

A main protein that is found in natural nails is _____?

A

KERATIN

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7
Q

The nail bed is attached to the nail plate by a thin layer of tissue called the _____?

A

BED EPITHELIUM

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8
Q

Nail cells are formed in what part of the nail structure?

A

THE MATRIX

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9
Q

The nail plate is guided and helped along during its growth by a thin layer of tissue called _____?

A

BED EPITHELIUM (nail groove???? check!)

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10
Q

The matrix continues to create new cells provided that _____?

A

IT RECEIVES NUTRITION AND IS KEPT HEALTHY

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11
Q

The visible part of the matrix that extends from underneath the living skin is the _____?

A

LUNULA

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12
Q

The most visible and functional part of the nail module is the _____?

A

NAIL PLATE

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13
Q

The nail plate is constructed of how many layers of cells?

A

100

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14
Q

The part of the nail plate that extends over the tip of the finger or toe is the ____?

A

FREE EDGE

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15
Q

The dead, colorless tissue attached to the nail plate is _____?

A

THE CUTICLE

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16
Q

The living skin at the base of the nail plate covering the matrix is the _____?

A

EPONYCHIUM

17
Q

Tough bands of fibrous tissue that connect bones are _____?

A

LIGAMENTS

18
Q

The slits or furrows on the sides of the nail plate are ______?

A

NAIL GROOVES

19
Q

The length, width, and curvature of nails are determined by the shape of what?

A

THE MATRIX

20
Q

In the normal adult, the average rate of nail growth is about ______?

A

1/10” PER MONTH

21
Q

A healthy natural nail will continue to grow provided there is no damage to what?

A

THE MATRIX

22
Q

Replacement of the natural fingernail usually takes how long?

A

4-6 months

23
Q

What fingernail grows the fastest?

A

MIDDLE FINGER

24
Q

The nail has a water content between?

A

15%-25%

25
Q

BED EPITHELIUM?

A

Thin layer of tissue between the nail plate and nail bed.

26
Q

CUTICLE?

A

Dead tissue that tightly adheres to the nail plate.

27
Q

EPONYCHIUM?

A

Living skin at the base of the nail plate covering the matrix area.

28
Q

FREE EDGE?

A

Part of the nail plate that extends over the tip of the finger or toe.

29
Q

HYPONICHIUM?

A

The slightly thickened layer of skin that lies beneath the free edge of the nail plate.

30
Q

LIGAMENT?

A

Tough bank of fibrous tissue that connects bones or holds an organ in place.

31
Q

LUNULA?

A

Whitish, half-moon shape at the base of the nail plate, caused by the reflection of light off the surface of the matrix.

32
Q

MATRIX?

A

Area where the natural nail is formed; this area is composed of matrix cells that make up the nail plate.

33
Q

NAIL BED?

A

Portion of the skin that the nail plate sits on.

34
Q

NAIL FOLD?

A

Fold of normal skin that surrounds the nail plate.

35
Q

NAIL GROOVE?

A

Slit of furrow on the sides of the nail.

36
Q

NAIL PLATE?

A

Hardened keratin plate covering the nail bed.

37
Q

NAIL UNIT?

A

All the anatomical parts of the fingernail necessary to produce the natural nail plate.

38
Q

NATURAL NAIL?

A

The hard protective plate of the nail composed mainly of keratin.

39
Q

ONYX?

A

The technical term for nail of the fingers or toes.