Atelectasis

Question 1

atelectasis

Answer 1

structural collapse of part of the lung that impedes expansion –> no gas exchange occurs

Question 2

types

Answer 2

1. obstructive/resorptive/absorptive
2. compression
3. contraction

Question 3

obstructive/resorptive/absorptive type example

Answer 3

mucus causes a/w obstruction –> air trapped within alveoli –> trapped air absorbed into vasculature (capillaries) –> local collapse

Question 4

compression type example

Answer 4

tumor applies pressure against alveoli and prevents expansion –> external pressure pushes air out of alveoli –> local collapse

Question 5

contraction type example

Answer 5

respiratory system damaged and during healing, fibrotic change occurs (pulling of tissue tgt) that dec ability for lung to expand –> limits lung vol

Question 6

mnfts

Answer 6

minor, may be asympt

• dyspnea
• tachypnea
• tachycardia
• dec chest expansion
• tracheal shift

Question 7

what are the 2 compensatory mnfts

Answer 7

• tachypnea

- tachycardia

Question 8

why does tachypnea mnft

Answer 8

inc RR to inc air in lungs

Question 9

why does tachycardia mnft

Answer 9

hypoxia d/t gas exchange –> inc HR to have more blood (& O2) to the tissues

Question 10

why does tracheal shift mnft

Answer 10

trachea shifts d/t greater expansion of unaffected lung applying pressure to trachea causing it to move to affected side

Question 11

Dx

Answer 11

• Hx, Px
• CXR (initial detection)
• CT Scan
• bronchoscopy

Question 12

Tx

Answer 12

• treat underlying cause

- respiratory support (provide O2)

Question 13

when is the disorder reversible

Answer 13

its reversible as long as surfactant remains in b/w layers of lung tissue

Question 14

surfactant Fx

Answer 14

surfactant secreted into alveolar space to dec surface tension within alveoli