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Question 1

What are the functions of the skeletal system

Answer 1

Support, movement, and protection and gives shape

Question 2

Microscopic structure of bones

Answer 2

Bones of skeletal system contain BONE and CARTILAGE tissue

Question 3

Layers of the diaphysis of long bones

Answer 3

PERIOSTEUM-strong fibrous outer membrane.DOES NOT cover the epiphysis. ENDOSTEUM-membrane that lines the medullary cavity. MEDULLARY CAVITY-hollow area inside the diaphysis, contains yellow bone marrow

Question 4

Structure of flat bones

Answer 4

Flat bones have cancellous bone between compact bone.

Question 5

What is cancellous bone layer called

Answer 5

Diploe

Question 6

Where are flat bones located

Answer 6

Skull, sternum and ribs

Question 7

What are bone cells called

Answer 7

Osteocytes

Question 8

What are cartilage cells called

Answer 8

Chondrocytes

Question 9

BONE DEVELOOEMENT. WHAT ARE OSTEOBLAST

Answer 9

Cells that form new bone, when dormant they become osteocytes

Question 10

BONE DEVELOPEMENT.

Question 11

Osteoclast

Answer 11

Bone-reabsorbing cell. (Takes away) Breaks down bone tissue. Takes calcium from bone.
Bone is alive;it remodels itself

Question 12

Bone development and remodeling

Answer 12

Continuous activity by OSTEOBLAST which undergoes a processs to calcify bone (hard as bone) WHEN OSTOBLAST become trapped during this process they stop forming bone and are called OSTEOCYTES. OSTEOCLAST dissolve bone (by releasing acid) to release calcium

Question 13

Axial skeleton

Answer 13

Skull, spine, chest, and hyoid bone in neck

Question 14

Appendicular skeleton

Answer 14

Upper extremities, includes shoulder. Lower extremities, includes hips

Question 15

Bones of the skull: Cranial

Answer 15

Forms front part of cranium floor, upper part of eye socket called frontal sinus lined w/mucous membrane

Question 16

Bones of the skull

Question 17

Hyloid bone

Answer 17

In neck above voice box . It’s the only bone that doesn’t mean another bone out of joint. Also anchors the tongue

Question 18

Atlas

Answer 18

Is c-1 vertebra (neck)

Question 19

Axis

Answer 19

C-2 vertabrae

Question 20

Fascia

Answer 20

Connective tissues around the muscle(organ) and joint

Question 21

Coccyx

Answer 21

In child it’s 3-5 vertebrae. Fuses in adult

Question 22

Zygomatic bone

Answer 22

Cheek bone

Question 23

Smooth muscle

Answer 23

Involuntary, non striated (no cross stripes) it is visceral lines inside of hollow structures and organs

Question 24

Functions of skeletal muscle

Answer 24

Movement, posture, and heat production. Contraction pulls one bone closer to another movement occurs at the joint

Question 25

Ball n Socket

Answer 25

Hip and shoulder

Question 26

Tibia aka

Answer 26

Shin bone

Question 27

Hinged joints

Answer 27

Elbow

Question 28

When does muscle shorten

Answer 28

Flexion

Question 29

Saddle joint

Answer 29

Carpometacarpal joint. of the thumb allows for rotation of the joint

Question 30

Ligaments

Answer 30

Attatch bone to bone. Permits movement at the joints

Question 31

Fatigue

Answer 31

Reduced strength. Repeated muscular contraction reduces stored ATP in cells

Question 32

Joints

Answer 32

Are called articulations. Hold bones together and make movement possible.

Question 33

Types of bones

Answer 33

Long bones (humerous). Short bones (carpals). Flat bones (skull bones) Irregular bones (vertebrae)

Question 34

Tendons

Answer 34

Attatch muscles to bones

Question 35

Cardiac muscle

Answer 35

The heart. Striated Fibers of the heart are interconnected like a woven basket this allows the heart to contract

Question 36

Function of the skeletal muscle

Answer 36

Movement contracts and pulls one bone closer to another bone. Posture and heat production, muscles produce heat

Question 37

Types of muscle tissue

Answer 37

Skeletal muscle fibers are striated, smooth muscle fibers responds to stretch

Question 38

Motor unit

Answer 38

Combination of muscle fibers and the motor neuron that moves them

Question 39

Isotonic contraction

Answer 39

Produces movement at a joint. The muscle changes length WALKING RUNNING JUMPIN

Question 40

Isometric contraction

Answer 40

Equal measure. Does not produce movement whole muscle does not shorten. As in pushing against a wall

Question 41

Twitch contraction

Answer 41

Ataxia; poor muscle control

Question 42

Disuse atrophy

Answer 42

Caused by prolonged inactivity

Question 43

Pectorals major, latissimus Doris, deltoid

Answer 43

Arm muscles

Question 44

Biceps brachial, triceps brachii

Answer 44

Forearm muscles

Question 45

Hamstring, quadriceps

Answer 45

Leg muscles

Question 46

Thigh muscles

Answer 46

Ilopsoas, gluteus Maximus, hamstring, adductor

Question 47

Respitory muscles

Answer 47

Intercostal muscles, diaphram

Question 48

Smooth muscles

Answer 48

No stripes, visceral muscle, found in walls of hollow structures, Found in Digestive tract blood vessels involuntary contractions

Question 49

What type of joints are Synarthrotic

Answer 49

No movement e.g. skull sutures

Question 50

What type of joints are amphiarthrotic

Answer 50

Joints that have slight movement e,g. Pubis, symphysis

Question 51

Diarthrotic joint?

Answer 51

Free movement joints. e.g. elbow, knees, shoulders, hinge joint, pivot joint condyloid, gliding, ball and socket, saddle joint

Question 52

Osteoporosis

Answer 52

Inadequate Ca/vit d, skeletal degeneration, often results in loss of height, exercise has a profound effect on the skeleton

Question 53

True ribs

Answer 53

1-7

Question 54

Free ribs

Answer 54

1-7 attached to sternum via cartilage

Question 55

Epiphseala. Plate

Answer 55

Growth plate

Question 56

Muscles of the upper body

Answer 56

Biceps, triceps, pectoralis major, deltoid, lattimus dorsi

Question 57

Twitch

Answer 57

Single contraction

Question 58

Tetany

Answer 58

Constant contractions

Question 59

Intramembraneous ossification

Answer 59

Calcium of fibrous membranes

Question 60

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Answer 60

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Question 61