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A&P 1 > A&P 1.3 > Flashcards

A&P 1.3 Flashcards

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1
Q

Which bones are or are not included in the 206 bones in a healthy adult?

A
  • Included: Patella
  • Not Included: Wormian and all other sesamoid bones
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2
Q

The bone system of a person is divided into which parts?

A

Axial and Appendicular skeleton

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3
Q

The axial skeleton contains ____ bones

A

80

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4
Q

The axial skeleton includes which main areas of the body?

A

Head and trunk

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5
Q

The axial skeleton consists of which specific bone groups and how many of each?

A
  • Skull bones (22)
  • Auditory ossicles (6)
  • Hyoid bone (1)
  • Vertebrae (26)
  • Sternum (1)
  • Ribs (12 pairs = 24 total)
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6
Q

The appendicular skeleton contains ____ bones

A

126

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7
Q

The appendicular skeleton consists of which bone groups and how many of each?

A
  • Pectoral girdle (2 clavicles, 2 scapulas)
  • Upper extremity (30 each = 60 total)
  • Pelvic girdle (2)
  • Lower extremity (30 each = 60 total)
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8
Q

Bone Markings

Define tuberosity

A

A large, round projection;
may be roughened

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9
Q

Bone Markings

Example(s) of tuberosities

A
  • ischial (“sit bone”)
  • tibial
  • gluteal
  • deltoid
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10
Q

Bone Markings

Define crest

A

A narrow ridge of bone;
usually prominent

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11
Q

Bone Markings

Example(s) of a crest

A

iliac

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12
Q

Bone Markings

Define trochanter

A

A very alrge, blunt, irregularly shaped process

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13
Q

Bone Markings

Example of trochanter

A

Greater & lesser femoral trochanter

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14
Q

Bone Markings

Define line

A

A narrow ridge of bone;
less prominent than a crest

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15
Q

Bone Markings

Example(s) of line

A
  • Gluteal
  • Linea aspera
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16
Q

Bone Markings

Deinfe tubercle

A

A small, rounded projection of process

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17
Q

Bone Markings

Example(s) of tubercle

A
  • Greater & lesser
  • Adductor
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18
Q

Bone Markings

Define epicondyle

A

A rasied area on or above a condyle

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19
Q

Bone Markings

Example(s) of epicondyle

A
  • Medial femoral
  • Lateral femoral
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20
Q

Bone Markings

Define spine

A

A sharp, slender, often pointed projection

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21
Q

Bone Markings

Example(s) of spine

A
  • Spinous process
  • Ischial spine
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22
Q

Bone Markings

Define process

A

Any bony prominence

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23
Q

Bone Markings

Example(s) of a process

A
  • Mastoid
  • Transverse
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24
Q

Bone Markings

List the types of projections that are sites of muscle and ligament attachment

A
  • Spine
  • Process
  • Epicondyle
  • Crest
  • Tuberosity
  • Line
  • Tubercle
  • Trochanter

SPECT LTT

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25
# Bone Markings List the types of projections that help to form joints
* Condyle * Head * Ramus * Facet ## Footnote CHRF
26
# Bone Markings Define head
A bony expansion carried on a narrow neck ## Footnote Always the proximal end of the bone
27
# Bone Markings Examples of head
* Femur * Humerus
28
# Bone Markings Define facet
Smooth, nearly flat articular (joining) surface
29
# Bone Markings Example(s) of facet
Ribs
30
# Bone Markings Define condyle
Rounded articular projection
31
# Bone Markings Example(s) of a condyle
* Femur * Tibia
32
# Bone Markings Define ramus
Armlike bar of bone
33
# Bone Markings Example(s) of a ramus
* pubis * ischium
34
# Bone Markings List the types of depressions and openings that allow for the passage of blood vessels and nerves
* Groove * Fissure * Foramen * Notch * Meatus * Sinus * Fossa
35
# Bone Markings Define groove
"Furrow" (groove or depression)
36
# Bone Markings Example(s) of a groove
* Bicipital
37
# Bone Markings Define fissure
Narrow, slitlike opening
38
# Bone Markings Example(s) of a fissure
* eye sockets * orbital
39
# Bone Markings Define foramen
Round or oval opening through a bone ("doughnut" hole/just a hole)
40
# Bone Markings Example(s) of a foramen
* Foramen magnum * Obturator foramen
41
# Bone Markings Define notch
Indentation at the edge of a structure
42
# Bone Markings Example(s) of a notch
Greater sciatic notch
43
# Bone Markings Define meatus
Canal-like passageway (hole with length)
44
# Bone Markings Example(s) of a meatus
External auditory meatus
45
# Bone Markings Define sinus
Cavity within a bone that's filled with air and lined with mucous membrane
46
# Bone Markings Example(s) of a sinus
* Maxillary * Front * Erythmoid * Sphenoid
47
# Bone Markings Define fossa
Shallow, basinlike depressoin in a bone (Often serving as an articular surface)
48
# Bone Markings Example(s) of a fossa
* Supraspinous * Mandibular
49
# Divisions of the Axial Skeleton How many bones are in the skull and how many are in each category?
22 * 8 cranial bones * 14 facial bones
50
# Divisions of the Axial Skeleton What is the pupose of cranial bones?
Surround the brain for protection
51
# Divisions of the Axial Skeleton What is the purpose of the facial bones?
Porivde the framework for the face
52
# Divisions of the Axial Skeleton: Cranial Bones/Markings List the different types of cranial bones
* Frontal * Parietal * Occipital * Temporal * Ethmoid * Sphenoid
53
# Divisions of the Axial Skeleton: Cranial Bones/Markings What is the purpose of the frontal bone?
Forms the roof of the orbit for the eyes
54
# Divisions of the Axial Skeleton: Cranial Bones/Markings What is the purpose of the parietal bones?
Form the side and top of the head
55
# Divisions of the Axial Skeleton: Cranial Bones/Markings What is the purpose of the occipital bone?
* Helps to give the trapezius muscles their shape * Forms the lower part of the cranium = forms the base of the skull/cranial floor
56
# Divisions of the Axial Skeleton: Cranial Bones/Markings List the bone markings of the occipital bone
* Foramen magnum * Superior nuchal line * External occipital protuberance (EOP)
57
# Divisions of the Axial Skeleton: Cranial Bones/Markings What is the purpose of the foramen magnum?
Provides space for/houses the spinal cord
58
# Divisions of the Axial Skeleton: Cranial Bones/Markings What is the purpose of the superior nuchal line?
Attachment point for the trapezius ms
59
# Divisions of the Axial Skeleton: Cranial Bones/Markings What is the purpose of the temporal lobes?
For the side and base of the head
60
# Divisions of the Axial Skeleton: Cranial Bones/Markings List the bone markings of the temporal bone
* Mandibular fossa (articular fossa) * Mastoid process * External auditory meatus
61
# Divisions of the Axial Skeleton: Cranial Bones/Markings WHat is the purpose of the sphenoid bone?
Forms the base of the cranium ## Footnote Aka "butterfly", "bat" "moth" bone
62
# Divisions of the Axial Skeleton: Cranial Bones/Markings Why is the sphenoid bone a key stone bone?
It connects with every other cranial bone
63
# Divisions of the Axial Skeleton: Cranial Bones/Markings What is the purpose of the ethmoid bone?
Forms the internal framework for the nasal cavity
64
65
How many bones are humans born with?
300
66
How many bones does the average healthy adult have?
206
67
Which bones are or are not included in the 206 bones in a healthy adult?
* Included: Patella * Not Included: Wormian and al other sesamoid bones
68
The bone system of a person is divided into which parts?
Axial and Appendicular skeleton
69
The axial skeleton contains ____ bones
80
70
The axial skeleton includes which main areas of the body?
Head and trunk
71
The axial skeleton consists of which specific bone groups and how many of each?
* Skull bunes (22) * Auditory ossicles (6) * Hyoid bone (1) * Vertebrae (26) * Sternum (1) * Ribs (12 pairs = 24 total)
72
The appendicular skeleton contains ____ bones
126
73
The appendicular skeleton consists of which bone groups and how many of each?
* Pectoral girdle (2 clavicles, 2 scapulas) * Upper extremity (30 each = 60 total) * Pelvic girdle (2) * Lower extremity (30 each = 60 total)
74
# Bone Markings Define tuberosity
A alrge, round projection; may be roughened
75
# Bone Markings Example(s) of tuberosities
* ischial ("sit bone") * tibial * gluteal
76
# Bone Markings Define crest
A narrow ridge of bone; usually prominent
77
# Bone Markings Example(s) of a crest
iliac
78
# Bone Markings Define trochanter
A very alrge, blunt, irregularly shaped process
79
# Bone Markings Example of trochanter
Greater & lesser femoral trochanter
80
# Bone Markings Define line
A narrow ridge of bone; less prominent than a crest
81
# Bone Markings Example(s) of line
* Gluteal * Linea aspera
82
# Bone Markings Deinfe tubercle
A small, rounded projection of process
83
# Bone Markings Example(s) of tubercle
* Greater & lesser * Adductor
84
# Bone Markings Define epicondyle
A rasied area on or above a condyle
85
# Bone Markings Example(s) of epicondyle
* Medial femoral * Lateral femoral
86
# Bone Markings Define spine
A sharp, slender, often pointed projection
87
# Bone Markings Example(s) of spine
* Spinous process * Ischial spine
88
# Bone Markings Define process
Any bony prominence
89
# Bone Markings Example(s) of a process
* Mastoid * Transverse * Styloid
90
# Bone Markings List the types of projections that are sites of muscle and ligament attachment
* Spine * Process * Epicondyle * Crest * Tuberosity * Line * Tubercle * Trochanter ## Footnote SPECT LTT
91
# Bone Markings List the types of projections that help to form joints
* Condyle * Head * Ramus * Facet ## Footnote CHRF
92
# Bone Markings Define head
A bony expansion carried on a narrow neck ## Footnote Always the proximal end of the bone
93
# Bone Markings Examples of head
* Femur * Humerus
94
# Bone Markings Define facet
Smooth, nearly flat articular (joining) surface
95
# Bone Markings Example(s) of facet
Ribs
96
# Bone Markings Define condyle
Rounded articular projection
97
# Bone Markings Example(s) of a condyle
* Femur * Tibia
98
# Bone Markings Define ramus
Armlike bar of bone
99
# Bone Markings Example(s) of a ramus
* pubis * ischium
100
# Bone Markings List the types of depressions and openings that allow for the passage of blood vessels and nerves
* Groove * Fissure * Foramen * Notch * Meatus * Sinus * Fossa
101
# Bone Markings Define groove
"Furrow" (groove or depression)
102
# Bone Markings Example(s) of a groove
* Bicipital
103
# Bone Markings Define fissure
Narrow, slitlike opening
104
# Bone Markings Example(s) of a fissure
* eye sockets * orbital
105
# Bone Markings Define foramen
Round or oval opening through a bone ("doughnut" hole/just a hole)
106
# Bone Markings Example(s) of a foramen
* Foramen magnum * Obturator foramen
107
# Bone Markings Define notch
Indentation at the edge of a structure
108
# Bone Markings Example(s) of a notch
Greater sciatic notch
109
# Bone Markings Define meatus
Canal-like passageway (hole with length)
110
# Bone Markings Example(s) of a meatus
External auditory meatus
111
# Bone Markings Define sinus
Cavity within a bone that's filled with air and lined with mucous membrane
112
# Bone Markings Example(s) of a sinus
* Maxillary * Front * Erythmoid * Sphenoid
113
# Bone Markings Define fossa
Shallow, basinlike depressoin in a bone (Often serving as an articular surface)
114
# Bone Markings Example(s) of a fossa
* Supraspinous * Mandibular
115
# Divisions of the Axial Skeleton How many bones are in the skull and how many are in each category?
22 * 8 cranial bones * 14 facial bones
116
# Divisions of the Axial Skeleton What is the pupose of cranial bones?
Surround the brain for protection
117
# Divisions of the Axial Skeleton What is the purpose of the facial bones?
Porivde the framework for the face
118
# Divisions of the Axial Skeleton: Cranial Bones/Markings List the different types of cranial bones
* Frontal * Parietal * Occipital * Temporal * Ethmoid * Sphenoid
119
# Divisions of the Axial Skeleton: Cranial Bones/Markings What is the purpose of the frontal bone?
Forms the roof of the orbit for the eyes
120
# Divisions of the Axial Skeleton: Cranial Bones/Markings What is the purpose of the parietal bones?
Form the side and top of the head
121
# Divisions of the Axial Skeleton: Cranial Bones/Markings What is the purpose of the occipital bone?
* Helps to give the trapezius muscles their shape * Forms the lower part of the cranium = forms the base of the skull/cranial floor
122
# Divisions of the Axial Skeleton: Cranial Bones/Markings List the bone markings of the occipital bone
* Foramen magnum * Superior nuchal line * External occipital protuberance (EOP)
123
# Divisions of the Axial Skeleton: Cranial Bones/Markings What is the purpose of the foramen magnum?
Provides space for/houses the spinal cord
124
# Divisions of the Axial Skeleton: Cranial Bones/Markings What is the purpose of the superior nuchal line?
Attachment point for the trapezius ms
125
# Divisions of the Axial Skeleton: Cranial Bones/Markings What is the purpose of the temporal lobes?
For the side and base of the head
126
# Divisions of the Axial Skeleton: Cranial Bones/Markings List the bone markings of the temporal bone
* Mandibular fossa (articular fossa) * Mastoid process * External auditory meatus
127
# Divisions of the Axial Skeleton: Cranial Bones/Markings What is the purpose of the sphenoid bone?
Forms the base of the cranium ## Footnote Aka "butterfly", "bat" "moth" bone
128
# Divisions of the Axial Skeleton: Cranial Bones/Markings Why is the sphenoid bone a key stone bone?
It connects with every other cranial bone
129
# Divisions of the Axial Skeleton: Cranial Bones/Markings What is the purpose of the ethmoid bone?
Forms the internal framework for the nasal cavity
130
How many bones are humans born with?
300
131
How many bones does the average healthy adult have?
206
132
# Divisions of the Axial Skeleton: Cranial Bones/Markings Describe the ethmoid bone & its location
* porous * wispy * highly innervated * at the roof of the nose
133
# Divisions of the Axial Skeleton: Cranial Bones/Markings List the bone markings of the ethmoid bone
* Perpendicular plate * Superior nasal conchae * Middle nasal conchae
134
# Divisions of the Axial Skeleton: Cranial Bones/Markings What purpose for the ethmoid bone serve in the cranium?
Forms the internal framework for the nasal cavity
135
# Divisions of the Axial Skeleton: Sutures Define a suture
* Where cranial bones come together to form a joint | A dense, fibrous tissue between bones ## Footnote Generally thought of as immobile, but have slight movement
136
# Divisions of the Axial Skeleton: Sutures Define sagittal suture
* Down the center of the skull. * Separates both parietal bones/dplits body into left and right sides
137
# Divisions of the Axial Skeleton: Sutures Define coronal suture
* Between the frontal and parietal bones. * Along the crown of head * Separates body into anterior and posterior
138
# Divisions of the Axial Skeleton: Sutures Define squamous suture
* At the base of the parietal bones * Runs between temporal and pariatel bones
139
# Divisions of the Axial Skeleton: Sutures Describe lambdoid suture
* At the posterior aspect of the head * Connects parietal bones with the occipital bone
140
# Divisions of the Axial Skeleton: Facial Bones & Markings Describe the attributes of the mandible
* largest and strongest facial bone * houses the lower set of teeth ## Footnote aka "jaw"
141
# Divisions of the Axial Skeleton: Facial Bones & Markings Name the bone marking found on the mandible
Mandibular condyle (aka condylar process)
142
# Divisions of the Axial Skeleton: Facial Bones & Markings Describe the attributes of the maxillae
* houses the upper set of teeth * forms the anterior palette * articulates with all facial bones ASIDE FROM the mandible
143
# Divisions of the Axial Skeleton: Facial Bones & Markings The Zygomatic bones are generally known as
Cheek bones
144
# Divisions of the Axial Skeleton: Facial Bones & Markings Describe the nasal facial bone
the "bridge of the nose"
145
# Divisions of the Axial Skeleton: Facial Bones & Markings Describe the function of the lacrimal bone
* houses the tear ducts * drains in ansal cavity
146
# Divisions of the Axial Skeleton: Facial Bones & Markings Describe the function of the palatine bone
forms the posterior part of the hard palette
147
# Divisions of the Axial Skeleton: Facial Bones & Markings Describe the inferior nasal conchae and thei purpose
* project inward off of later nasal cavity * warm, moister and filter air
148
# Divisions of the Axial Skeleton: Paranasal Siuses Describe paranasal sinuses
* open cavities in the bone surounding the nasal cavity * lined with mm
149
# Divisions of the Axial Skeleton: Facial Bones & Markings Describe the funtions of paranasal sinuses
* warm and moisten breathed air * act as a resonating chamber for speech * air filter * lightens the skull
150
# Divisions of the Axial Skeleton: Facial Bones & Markings How are the paranasal sinuses named?
By the bones that house them
151
# Divisions of the Axial Skeleton: Facial Bones & Markings
152
# Divisions of the Axial Skeleton: Auditory Ossicles How do ossicles let you know when youre finished
153

A&P 1 (18 decks)

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