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A&P 1 > A&P 1.9 > Flashcards

A&P 1.9 Flashcards

1
Q

Synovial Joints Based on Shape of Articulating Bones

List the different types

A
  1. Plane/gliding
  2. Hinge
  3. Pivot
  4. Saddle
  5. Ball and socket
  6. Condylar
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2
Q

Synovial Joints Based on Shape of Articulating Bones

Describe plane/gliding joints

A
  • flat articulating surfaces that permit the simplest kind of movement (side-side and back-forth)
  • least ROM of all synovial joints

translation

Ex: carpals, tarsals, ribs/vertebrae, knee (patella and femur)

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3
Q

Synovial Joints Based on Shape of Articulating Bones

Describe hinge joints

A

a rounded bone that fits into a trough shaped bone to permit movement similar to a hinged door

flexion and extension

Ex: elbow (ulna 7 humerus), knee (femur & tibia), ankle (tibia & talus) and between phalanges

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4
Q

Synovial Joints Based on Shape of Articulating Bones

Describe pivot joints

A
  • a rounded end of bone that fits into the sleeve or ring of a bone
  • permit rotation (one structure is stationary for another to move around)

Ex: atlas and axis (C1-C2), radioulnar joint

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5
Q

Synovial Joints Based on Shape of Articulating Bones

Describe condylar joints

A
  • egg shaped surface that fits into an oval cavity
  • “ellipsoid”
  • slight ROM

flexion & extension, radial deviation (abduction), ulnar deviation (addu

Ex: wrist (distal radius with scaphoid & lunate), metacarpals/metatarsals and phalanges

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6
Q

Synovial Joints Based on Shape of Articulating Bones

Describe saddle joints

A

both articular surfaces have convex and concave areas
- “modified ellipsoidal”

flexion, extension, adduction, abduction, circumduction, opposition

Ex: base of pollex (trapezium and 1st metacarpal)

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7
Q

Synovial Joints Based on Shape of Articulating Bones

Describe ball and socket joints

A
  • round head of one bone fits into the round socket of another
  • very high ROM

flexion, extension, aB/aDduction, medial/lateral rotation, circumduction

Ex: hip joint (femoacetabular), shoulder (glenohumoral)

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8
Q

Joints of the Body - List movements, bones involved & proper terminology

Neck

A

flexion/extension
lateral flexion
rotation
circumduction

Occiput, C1-C7

Head at neck

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9
Q

Joints of the Body - List movements, bones involved & proper terminology

Shoulder

A

Flexion/extension
medial/lateral rotation
ab/adduction
circumduction

Humerus, scapula

Arm at shoulder

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10
Q

Joints of the Body - List movements, bones involved & proper terminology

Elbow

A

Flexion/extension
pronation/supination

humerus, ulna & radius

Forearm at elbow

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11
Q

Joints of the Body - List movements, bones involved & proper terminology

Wrist

A

flexion/extension
radial/ulnar deviation
circumduction

Radius, scaphoid, lunate

Hand at wrist

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12
Q

Joints of the Body - List movements, bones involved & proper terminology

Fingers (proximal)

A

flexion/extension
ab/adduction
circumduction

metacarpals & phalanges

Digits or phalanges

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13
Q

Joints of the Body - List movements, bones involved & proper terminology

Waist

A

flexion/extension
lateral flexion
rotation
circumduction

L1-L5

trunk or torso at waist

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14
Q

Joints of the Body - List movements, bones involved & proper terminology

Fingers (distal)

A

Flexion/extension

Phalanges & phalanges

Digits or phalanges

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15
Q

Joints of the Body - List movements, bones involved & proper terminology

Hip

A

flexion/extension
medial/lateral rotation
ab’adduction
circumduction

coxal bone and femur

thigh at hip

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16
Q

Joints of the Body - List movements, bones involved & proper terminology

Knee

A

flexion/extension

femur, patella & tibia

leg at knee

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17
Q

Joints of the Body - List movements, bones involved & proper terminology

Ankle

A

dorsi/plantar flexion
circumduction
eversion/inversion

tibia, talus, calcaneal

foot at ankle

18
Q

Joints of the Body - List movements, bones involved & proper terminology

Toes (proximal)

A

flexion/extension
ab/adduction
circumduction

metatarsals to phalanges

digits or phalanges

19
Q

Joints of the Body - List movements, bones involved & proper terminology

Toes (distal)

A

flexion/extension

phalanges to phalanges

digits or phalanges

20
Q

Major Ligaments of Joints

List the ligaments of the neck

A

Ligamentum nuchae (nuchal ligament)

21
Q

Major Ligaments of Joints

Describe the nuchal ligament

A
  • runs from EOP inferiorly to spinous process of C7 (typically. Sometimes goes to T1)
  • creates support in flexion of the head at the neck
22
Q

Major Ligaments of Joints

List the ligaments of the shoulder

A
  1. Acromioclavicular
  2. Coracoclavicular
  3. Coracoacromial
  4. Transverse humeral ligament
23
Q

Major Ligaments of Joints

Describe the acromioclavicular ligament

A

CT that holds clavicle to acromion

24
Q

Major Ligaments of Joints

Describe the coracoclavicular ligament

A

creates stability when there is pulling that may separate the scapula and clavicle

technically two parts to it, but refered to as a unit

25
# Major Ligaments of Joints Describe the coracoacromial ligament
creates stability along the scapula to contrast the pull of pectoralis minor and brachial muscle
26
# Major Ligaments of Joints Describe the transverse humeral ligament
support to keep bicipetal groove muscle in place
27
# Major Ligaments of Joints Describe the inguinal ligament
- runs from ASIS to pubis - control of coxal bone against all sorts of pulling from different directions
28
# Major Ligaments of Joints Describe the sacrotuberus ligament
supports from PSIS along sacrum to ischial tuberosity
29
# Major Ligaments of Joints Describe the posterior & anterior sacroiliac ligament
provide stability between sacrum and coxal bone
30
# Major Ligaments of Joints List the ligaments of the hip joint
1. Iliofemoral 2. Ischiofemoral 3. Pubofemoral
31
# Major Ligaments of Joints Describe the ligaments of the hip joint specifically and how they differ from other ligaments of the body
curved to allow for more movement/ROM while maintaining stability
32
# Major Ligaments of Joints List the ligaments of the knee
1. Medial meniscus 2. Lateral meniscus 3. Tibial (medial) collateral 4. Fibular (lateral) collateral 5. Anterior cruciate 6. Posterior cruciate 7. Patellar
33
# Major Ligaments of Joints Describe the tibial (medial) collateral ligament
MCL - provides support on the medial knee - prevents lateral tibial movement
34
# Major Ligaments of Joints Describe the fibular (lateral) collateral ligament
LCL - opposes purpose of MCL to support the lateral knee and prevent medial fibular movement - tearing this can also happen with a sudden blow to the fibula
35
# Major Ligaments of Joints Describe the anterior cruciate ligament
- runs from posterior femur to anterior tibia - prevents posterior movement of the femur (aka anterior movement of tibia) - most commonly torn
36
# Major Ligaments of Joints Describe the posterior cruciate ligament
- runs from posterior tibia to anterior femur
37
# Major Ligaments of Joints List the joints of the ankle
- Medial/Deltoid ligament - Lateral ligaments
38
# Major Ligaments of Joints List the 4 minor ligaments of the medial/deltoid ligament
1. tibionavicular 2. anterior tibiotalar 3. posterior tibiotalar 4. tibiocalcaneal
39
# Major Ligaments of Joints Describe the medial/deltoid ligament
- has 4 parts - create dense layer of CT on medial ankle * very difficult to strain
40
# Major Ligaments of Joints Describe the lateral ligaments of the ankle
- 90% of all ankle sprains - has 3 separate ligaments
41
# Major Ligaments of Joints List the 3 ligaments of the lateral ankle ligaments
1. inferior talofibular 2. posterior talofibular 3. calcaneofibular

A&P 1 (18 decks)

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