A&P Chapter 11: Skeletal Tissues

Question 1

Matching

1. ______ the thin membrane that lines the medullary cavity

a. epiphysis
b. medullary cavity
c. carpal
d. articular cartilage
e. femur
f. endosteum
g. vertebra
h. diaphysis
i. patella
j. periosteum
k. sternum

Answer 1

1. f. endosteum

Chapter 11, Page 212

Question 2

Matching

2. ______ an example of a flat bone

a. epiphysis
b. medullary cavity
c. carpal
d. articular cartilage
e. femur
f. endosteum
g. vertebra
h. diaphysis
i. patella
j. periosteum
k. sternum

Answer 2

2. k. sternum

Chapter 11, Page 211

Question 3

Matching

3. ______ the shaft of the long bone

a. epiphysis
b. medullary cavity
c. carpal
d. articular cartilage
e. femur
f. endosteum
g. vertebra
h. diaphysis
i. patella
j. periosteum
k. sternum

Answer 3

3. h. diaphysis

Chapter 11, Page 211

Question 4

Matching

4. ______ an example of a long bone

a. epiphysis
b. medullary cavity
c. carpal
d. articular cartilage
e. femur
f. endosteum
g. vertebra
h. diaphysis
i. patella
j. periosteum
k. sternum

Answer 4

4. e. femur

Chapter 11, Page 211

Question 5

Matching

5. ______ the thin layer that cushions jolts and blows

a. epiphysis
b. medullary cavity
c. carpal
d. articular cartilage
e. femur
f. endosteum
g. vertebra
h. diaphysis
i. patella
j. periosteum
k. sternum

Answer 5

5. d. articular cartilage

Chapter 11, Page 212

Question 6

Matching

6. ______ an example of a sesamoid bone

a. epiphysis
b. medullary cavity
c. carpal
d. articular cartilage
e. femur
f. endosteum
g. vertebra
h. diaphysis
i. patella
j. periosteum
k. sternum

Answer 6

6. i. patella

Chapter 11, Page 211

Question 7

Matching

7. ______ an attachment for muscle fibers

a. epiphysis
b. medullary cavity
c. carpal
d. articular cartilage
e. femur
f. endosteum
g. vertebra
h. diaphysis
i. patella
j. periosteum
k. sternum

Answer 7

7. j. periosteum

Chapter 11, Page 212

Question 8

Matching

8. ______ an example of a short bone

a. epiphysis
b. medullary cavity
c. carpal
d. articular cartilage
e. femur
f. endosteum
g. vertebra
h. diaphysis
i. patella
j. periosteum
k. sternum

Answer 8

8. c. carpal

Chapter 11, Page 211

Question 9

Matching

9. ______ the end of a long bone

a. epiphysis
b. medullary cavity
c. carpal
d. articular cartilage
e. femur
f. endosteum
g. vertebra
h. diaphysis
i. patella
j. periosteum
k. sternum

Answer 9

9. a. epiphysis

Chapter 11, Page 211

Question 10

Matching

10. ______ the tubelike, hollow space in the diaphysis of long bones

a. epiphysis
b. medullary cavity
c. carpal
d. articular cartilage
e. femur
f. endosteum
g. vertebra
h. diaphysis
i. patella
j. periosteum
k. sternum

Answer 10

10. b. medullary cavity

Chapter 11, Page 212

Question 11

Matching

11. ______ an example of an irregular bone

a. epiphysis
b. medullary cavity
c. carpal
d. articular cartilage
e. femur
f. endosteum
g. vertebra
h. diaphysis
i. patella
j. periosteum
k. sternum

Answer 11

11. g. vertebra

Chapter 11, Page 211

Question 12

Multiple Choice

12. Which of the following is not a component of bone matrix?

a. inorganic salts
b. organic matrix
c. collagenous fibers
d. all of the above are components of bone matrix

Answer 12

12. d. all of the above are components of bone matrix

Chapter 11, Page 213

Question 13

Multiple Choice

13. Small spaces in which bone cells lie are called:

a. lamellae.
b. lacunae.
c. canaliculi.
d. interstitial lamellae.

Answer 13

13. b. lacunae.

Chapter 11, Page 213

Question 14

Multiple Choice

14. The basic structural unit of compact bone is:
    a. trabeculae.
    b. cancellous bone.
    c. osteon.
    d. none of the above.

Answer 14

14. c. osteon.

Chapter 11, Page 213

Question 15

Multiple Choice

15. The cells that produce the organic matrix in bone are:

a. chondrocytes.
b. osteoblasts.
c. osteocytes.
d. osteoclasts.

Answer 15

15. b. osteoblasts.

Chapter 11, Page 216

Question 16

Multiple Choice

16. The bones in an adult that contain red marrow include all of the following except:

a. ribs.
b. tarsals.
c. pelvis.
d. femur.

Answer 16

16. b. tarsals.

Chapter 11, Page 217

Question 17

Multiple Choice

17. Low blood calcium evokes a response from:

a. calcitonin.
b. the thyroid.
c. parathyroid hormone.
d. none of the above.

Answer 17

17. c. parathyroid hormone.

Chapter 11, Page 218

Question 18

True or False

18. ______ Haversian canals run lengthwise, whereas Volkmann’s canals run transverse to the bone.

Answer 18

18. True

Chapter 11, Page 213

Question 19

True or False

19. ______ Giant, multinucleate cells that are responsible for bone resorption are called osteocytes.

Answer 19

19. False

Chapter 11, Page 216

Question 20

True or False

20. ______ Bone marrow is found not only in the medullary cavities of certain long bones but also in the spaces of cancellous bone.

Answer 20

20. True

Chapter 11, Page 216

Question 21

True or False

21. ______ Calcitonin functions to stimulate osteoblasts and inhibit osteoclasts.

Answer 21

21. True

Chapter 11, Page 218

Question 22

True or False

22. ______ Hematopoiesis is a term referring to the formation of new Haversian systems.

Answer 22

22. False

Chapter 11, Page 210

Question 23

True or False

23. ______ Yellow marrow is found in almost all of the bones of an infant’s body.

Answer 23

23. False

Chapter 11, Page 217

Question 24

Multiple Choice

24. The primary ossification center is located at the:

a. epiphysis.
b. diaphysis.
c. articular cartilage.
d. none of the above.

Answer 24

24. b. diaphysis.

Chapter 11, Page 220

Question 25

Multiple Choice 25. The primary purpose of the epiphyseal plate is: a. mending fractures. b. enlarging the epiphysis. c. providing bone strength. d. lengthening long bones.

Answer 25

25. d. lengthening long bones. Chapter 11, Page 220

Question 26

Multiple Choice 26. The epiphyseal plate is composed mostly of: a. chondrocytes. b. osteocytes. c. osteoclasts. d. none of the above.

Answer 26

26. a. chondrocytes. Chapter 11, Page 220

Question 27

Multiple Choice 27. Bone loss normally begins to exceed bone gain between the ages of: a. 30 and 35 years. b. 35 and 40 years. c. 55 and 60 years. d. 65 and 70 years.

Answer 27

27. b. 35 and 40 years. Chapter 11, Page 223

Question 28

Multiple Choice 28. The first step to healing a bone fracture is: a. callus formation. b. fracture hematoma formation. c. alignment of the fracture. d. collar formation.

Answer 28

28. b. fracture hematoma formation. Chapter 11, Page 224

Question 29

True or False 29. ______ The addition of bone to its outer surface resulting in growth in diameter is called appositional growth.

Answer 29

29. True Chapter 11, Page 220

Question 30

True or False 30. ______ Most bones of the body are formed by intramembranous ossification.

Answer 30

30. False Chapter 11, Page 219

Question 31

True or False 31. ______ Once an individual reaches skeletal maturity, the bones undergo years of metabolic rest.

Answer 31

31. False Chapter 11, Page 217

Question 32

True or False 32. ______ Lack of exercise tends to weaken bones through decreased collagen formation and excessive calcium withdrawal.

Answer 32

32. True Chapter 11, Page 224

Question 33

True or False 33. ______ When bones reach their full length, the epiphyseal plate disappears.

Answer 33

33. True Chapter 11, Page 221

Question 34

Multiple Choice 34. The fibrous covering of cartilage is: a. periosteum. b. perichondrium. c. chondroclast. d. none of the above.

Answer 34

34. b. perichondrium. Chapter 11, Page 225

Question 35

Multiple Choice 35. The external ear, epiglottis, and the auditory tube are composed of: a. hyaline cartilage. b. fibrocartilage. c. elastic cartilage. d. none of the above.

Answer 35

35. c. elastic cartilage. Chapter 11, Page 225

Question 36

Multiple Choice 36. Vitamin D deficiency can result in: a. scurvy. b. rickets. c. osteochondroma. d. none of the above.

Answer 36

36. b. rickets. Chapter 11, Page 227

Question 37

True or False 37. ______ Both bone and cartilage are well vascularized.

Answer 37

37. False Chapter 11, Page 225

Question 38

True or False 38. ______ The intervertebral discs are composed of fibrocartilage.

Answer 38

38. True Chapter 11, Page 226

Question 39

True or False 39. ______ The growth of cartilage occurs by both appositional and interstitial growth.

Answer 39

39. True Chapter 11, Page 226

Question 40

# Fill in the Blank 40. _______________________ is a malignant tumor of hyaline cartilage that arises from chondroblasts.

Answer 40

40. Chondrosarcoma, Chapter 11, Page 227

Question 41

# Fill in the Blank 41. _______________________ is the most common primary malignant tumor of skeletal tissue.

Answer 41

41. Osteosarcoma, Chapter 11, Page 227

Question 42

# Fill in the Blank 42. _______________________ is a common bone disease often occurring in postmenopausal women and manifesting symptoms of porous, brittle, and fragile bones.

Answer 42

42. Osteoporosis, Chapter 11, Page 227

Question 43

# Fill in the Blank 43. _____________________________________ is also known as osteitis deformans.

Answer 43

43. Paget’s disease, Chapter 11, Page 228

Question 44

# Fill in the Blank 44. _______________________ is a bacterial infection of the bone and marrow tissue.

Answer 44

44. Osteomyelitis, Chapter 11, Page 228

Question 45

# Fill in the Blank ``` 48. Functions of bones include: __________, __________, __________, __________, __________, and __________. ```

Answer 45

48. support, protection, movement, mineral storage, and hematopoiesis, Chapter 11, Page 210

Question 46

# Fill in the Blank 49. The _______________ ________________ is the hollow area inside the diaphysis of a bone.

Answer 46

49. medullary cavity, Chapter 11, Page 212

Question 47

# Fill in the Blank 50. A thin layer of cartilage covering each epiphysis is the ___________________ ____________________.

Answer 47

50. articular cartilage, Chapter 11, Page 212

Question 48

# Fill in the Blank 51. The ______________________ lines the medullary cavity of long bones.

Answer 48

51. endosteum, Chapter 11, Page 212

Question 49

# Fill in the Blank 52. ____________________ is used to describe the process of blood cell formation.

Answer 49

52. Hematopoiesis, Chapter 11, Page 210.

Question 50

# Fill in the Blank 53. Blood cell formation is a vital process carried on in __________________ __________________ _________________.

Answer 50

53. red bone marrow, Chapter 11, Page 210

Question 51

# Fill in the Blank 54. The __________________ is a strong fibrous membrane that covers a long bone except at joint surfaces.

Answer 51

54. periosteum, Chapter 11, Page 212

Question 52

# Fill in the Blank 55. Bones may be classified by shape. Those shapes include ________________, ________________, ________________, ________________, and ________________.

Answer 52

55. long, short, flat, irregular, and sesamoid, Chapter 11, Page 210

Question 53

# Fill in the Blank 56. Bones serve as the major reservoir for _______________________, a vital substance required for normal nerve and muscle function.

Answer 53

56. calcium, p. 210

Question 54

# Fill in the Blank 57. _______________________ is the most abundant type of cartilage.

Answer 54

57. Hyaline, Chapter 11, Page 225

Question 55

Matching 58. ______ trabeculae a. outer covering of bone b. dense bone tissue c. fibers embedded in a firm gel d. criss-crossing bony branches of spongy bone e. ends of long bones f. connect lacunae g. cartilage cells h. structural unit of compact bone i. mature bone cells j. ring of bone

Answer 55

58. d. criss-crossing bony branches of spongy bone Chapter 11, Page 213

Question 56

Matching 59. ______ compact a. outer covering of bone b. dense bone tissue c. fibers embedded in a firm gel d. criss-crossing bony branches of spongy bone e. ends of long bones f. connect lacunae g. cartilage cells h. structural unit of compact bone i. mature bone cells j. ring of bone

Answer 56

59. b. dense bone tissue Chapter 11, Page 211

Question 57

Matching 60. ______ spongy a. outer covering of bone b. dense bone tissue c. fibers embedded in a firm gel d. criss-crossing bony branches of spongy bone e. ends of long bones f. connect lacunae g. cartilage cells h. structural unit of compact bone i. mature bone cells j. ring of bone

Answer 57

60. e. ends of long bones Chapter 11, Page 211

Question 58

Matching 61. ______ periosteum a. outer covering of bone b. dense bone tissue c. fibers embedded in a firm gel d. criss-crossing bony branches of spongy bone e. ends of long bones f. connect lacunae g. cartilage cells h. structural unit of compact bone i. mature bone cells j. ring of bone

Answer 58

61. a. outer covering of bone Chapter 11, Page 212

Question 59

Matching 62. ______ cartilage a. outer covering of bone b. dense bone tissue c. fibers embedded in a firm gel d. criss-crossing bony branches of spongy bone e. ends of long bones f. connect lacunae g. cartilage cells h. structural unit of compact bone i. mature bone cells j. ring of bone

Answer 59

62. c. fibers embedded in a firm gel Chapter 11, Page 225

Question 60

Matching 63. ______ osteocytes a. outer covering of bone b. dense bone tissue c. fibers embedded in a firm gel d. criss-crossing bony branches of spongy bone e. ends of long bones f. connect lacunae g. cartilage cells h. structural unit of compact bone i. mature bone cells j. ring of bone

Answer 60

63. i. mature bone cells Chapter 11, Page 216

Question 61

Matching 64. ______ canaliculi a. outer covering of bone b. dense bone tissue c. fibers embedded in a firm gel d. criss-crossing bony branches of spongy bone e. ends of long bones f. connect lacunae g. cartilage cells h. structural unit of compact bone i. mature bone cells j. ring of bone

Answer 61

64. f. connect lacunae Chapter 11, Page 213

Question 62

Matching 65. ______ lamellae a. outer covering of bone b. dense bone tissue c. fibers embedded in a firm gel d. criss-crossing bony branches of spongy bone e. ends of long bones f. connect lacunae g. cartilage cells h. structural unit of compact bone i. mature bone cells j. ring of bone

Answer 62

65. j. ring of bone Chapter 11, Page 213

Question 63

Matching 66. ______ chondrocytes a. outer covering of bone b. dense bone tissue c. fibers embedded in a firm gel d. criss-crossing bony branches of spongy bone e. ends of long bones f. connect lacunae g. cartilage cells h. structural unit of compact bone i. mature bone cells j. ring of bone

Answer 63

66. g. cartilage cells Chapter 11, Page 225

Question 64

Matching 67. ______ Haversian system a. outer covering of bone b. dense bone tissue c. fibers embedded in a firm gel d. criss-crossing bony branches of spongy bone e. ends of long bones f. connect lacunae g. cartilage cells h. structural unit of compact bone i. mature bone cells j. ring of bone

Answer 64

67. h. structural unit of compact bone Chapter 11, Page 213