A&P Chapter 8: Introduction to Tissues Study Guide

Question 1

1. A tissue is:

a. a membrane that lines body cavities.
b. a group of similar cells that perform a common
function.
c. a thin sheet of cells embedded in a matrix. d. the most complex organizational unit of the body.

Answer 1

b. a group of similar cells that perform a common
function.

Answer on p. 138

Question 2

2. The four principal types of tissues include all of the following except:

a. nervous.
b. muscle.
c. cartilage.
d. connective.

Answer 2

c. cartilage.

Answer on p. 138

Question 3

3. The most complex tissue in the body is:

a. muscle.
b. blood.
c. connective.
d. nervous.

Answer 3

d. nervous.

Answer on p. 138

Question 4

4. In tissues, the material between cells that is made up of water and a variety of proteins is referred to as:

a. intercellular material.
b. extracellular matrix.
c. lacunae.
d. none of the above.

Answer 4

b. extracellular matrix.

Answer on p. 140

Question 5

5. Which of the following is not a primary germ layer?

a. endoderm
b. periderm
c. mesoderm
d. ectoderm

Answer 5

b. periderm

Answer on p. 139

Question 6

6. Which tissue lines body cavities and protects body surfaces?

a. epithelial
b. connective
c. muscular
d. nervous

Answer 6

a. epithelial

Answer on p. 138

Question 7

True or False
7. ______ The biology of tissues is referred to as histology.

Answer 7

True

Answer on p. 138

Question 8

True or False
8. ______ Proteins in the extracellular matrix include various types of structural protein fibers such as collagen and elastin.

Answer 8

True

Answer on p. 140

Question 9

True or False
9. ______ Sweat and sebaceous glands are formed by connective tissue.

Answer 9

False

Answer on p. 138

Question 10

True or False
10. ______ During embryonic development, new kinds of cells can be formed from a special kind of undifferentiated cell called a stem cell.

Answer 10

True

Answer on p. 140

Question 11

Fill in the blanks.
11. _______________________ is the growth of new tissue (as opposed to scarring).

Answer 11

Regeneration

Answer on p. 144

Question 12

Fill in the blanks.
12. A _______________________ is an unusually thick scar.

Answer 12

keloid

Answer on p. 145

Question 13

Fill in the blanks.

13. Tissues usually repair themselves by allowing _______________________ cells to remove dead or injured cells.

Answer 13

phagocytic

Answer on p. 144

Question 14

Fill in the blanks.

14. Epithelial and _______________________ tissues have the greatest capacity to regenerate.

Answer 14

connective

Answer on p. 144

Question 15

Fill in the blanks.

15. Like muscle tissue, ____________________ tissue has a very limited capacity to regenerate.

Answer 15

nerve

Answer on p. 145

Question 16

16. Which of the following is not an example of epithelial membrane?

a. synovial membrane
b. cutaneous membrane

Answer 16

a. synovial membrane

Answer on p. 145

Question 17

17. Pleurisy is a condition that affects which membrane?

a. cutaneous membrane
b. serous membrane
c. mucous membrane
d. none of the above

Answer 17

b. serous membrane

Answer on p.146

Question 18

True or False
18. ______ Parietal membranes cover the surface of organs.

Answer 18

False

Answer on p. 146

Question 19

True or False
19. ______ Synovial membrane is an example of connective tissue membrane.

Answer 19

True

Answer on p.147

Question 20

20. Benign tumors usually grow (slowly or quickly).

Answer 20

slowly

Answer on p. 149

Question 21

21. Malignant tumors (are or are not) encapsulated.

Answer 21

are not

Answer on p. 149

Question 22

22. An example of a benign tumor that arises from epithelial tissue is (papilloma or lipoma).

Answer 22

papilloma

Answer on p. 149

Question 23

23. Malignant tumors that arise from connective tissues are generally called (melanoma or sarcoma).

Answer 23

sarcoma

Answer on p. 149

Question 24

24. A cancer specialist is an (osteologist or oncologist).

Answer 24

oncologist

Answer on p. 150

Question 25

25. Chemotherapy uses (cytotoxic or cachexic) compounds to destroy malignant cells.

Answer 25

cytotoxic Answer on p. 150

Question 26

28. ____ Directly exposed to outside environment a. Cutaneous b. Serous c. Mucous d. Synovial

Answer 26

a. Cutaneous Answer on p. 145

Question 27

29. ____ Lubricates cavities not open to outside environment a. Cutaneous b. Serous c. Mucous d. Synovial

Answer 27

b. Serous Answer on p. 146

Question 28

30. ____ Dense fibrous connective tissue a. Cutaneous b. Serous c. Mucous d. Synovial

Answer 28

d. Synovial Answer on p. 148

Question 29

31. ____ Lubricates cavities open to the outside environment a. Cutaneous b. Serous c. Mucous d. Synovial

Answer 29

c. Mucous Answer on p. 146

Question 30

32. ____ Skin a. Cutaneous b. Serous c. Mucous d. Synovial

Answer 30

a. Cutaneous Answer on p. 145

Question 31

33. ____ Lines joint cavities a. Cutaneous b. Serous c. Mucous d. Synovial

Answer 31

d. Synovial Answer on p. 148

Question 32

34. ____ Thermoregulation a. Cutaneous b. Serous c. Mucous d. Synovial

Answer 32

a. Cutaneous Answer on p. 148

Question 33

35. ____ Peritoneum a. Cutaneous b. Serous c. Mucous d. Synovial

Answer 33

b. Serous Answer on p. 146

Question 34

36. ____ Digestive tract a. Cutaneous b. Serous c. Mucous d. Synovial

Answer 34

c. Mucous Answer on p. 146

Question 35

37. ____ Respiratory tract a. Cutaneous b. Serous c. Mucous d. Synovial

Answer 35

c. Mucous Answers on p. 146

Question 36

Fill in the blanks. The three primary germ layers are (38) ____________, (39) ______________, and (40) ______________.

Answer 36

38. endoderm Answer on p. 139 39. mesoderm Answer on p. 139 40. ectoderm Answer on p. 139

Question 37

Fill in the blanks. | 41. The biology of tissues is ___________________.

Answer 37

histology Answer on p. 138

Question 38

Fill in the blanks. | 42. Tissue cells are surrounded by or embedded in extracellular material called _____________.

Answer 38

matrix Answer on p. 139

Question 39

Fill in the blanks. | 43. An atypical thick scar that may develop in the lower layer of skin is a ____________.

Answer 39

keloid Answer on p. 145

Question 40

Fill in the blanks. 44. _____________ tissue is often replaced, when damaged, with fibrous connective tissue instead of the original tissue.

Answer 40

Muscle Answer on p. 145

Question 41

Fill in the blanks. | 45. _____________ is the growth of functional new tissue.

Answer 41

Regeneration Answer on p. 144

Question 42

Fill in the blanks. | 46. _____________ is a glandular benign tumor.

Answer 42

Adenoma Answer on p. 149

Question 43

Fill in the blanks. | 47. ____________ is the name for “cancer genes.”

Answer 43

Oncogenes Answer on p. 150

Question 44

Fill in the blanks. | 48. ____ Involves classifying a tumor based on the size and extent of the spread

Answer 44

computed tomography Answer on p. 150

Question 45

Fill in the blanks. | 49. _____ X-ray scanning

Answer 45

staging Answer on p. 150

Question 46

Fill in the blanks. | 50. ____ Substances produced by cancer cells.

Answer 46

tumor markers Answer on p. 150

Question 47

Fill in the blanks. | 51. ____ Removal and examination of living tissue

Answer 47

biopsy Answer on p. 150

Question 48

Fill in the blanks. | 52. ____ Cytotoxic compound used to destroy malignant cells

Answer 48

chemotherapy Answer on p. 150

Question 49

Fill in the blanks. | 53. ____ Gamma radiation used to destroy cancer cells

Answer 49

radiotherapy Answer on p. 150

Question 50

Fill in the blanks. | 54. ____ Intense beam of light to destroy a tumor

Answer 50

laser Answer on p. 150

Question 51

Fill in the blanks. | 55. ____ Bolsters the body’s own defenses against cancer cells

Answer 51

immunotherapy Answer on p. 151

Question 52

Fill in the blanks. | 56. ____ Herceptin and Erbitux

Answer 52

monoclonal antibodies Answer on p. 151

Question 53

57. ____ Loss of appetite

Answer 53

cachexia Answer on p. 150