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Health Assessment > Abdomen (Chapter 22) > Flashcards

Abdomen (Chapter 22) Flashcards

(85 cards)

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1
Q

what is the order for abdomen assessment

A

inspection
auscultation
percussion
palpation

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2
Q

what organs fall under the solid viscera

A

liver
panceras
spleen
adrenal glands
kidneys
ovaries
uterus

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3
Q

what organs fall under the hollow viscera

A

stomach
gall bladder
small inestine
colon
bladder

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4
Q

hollow visera shape depends on

A

content

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5
Q

divide the abdomen into how many quadrants

A

4

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6
Q

what direction do you proceed when going through the quadrants

A

clockwise

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7
Q

why is the sequence of the abdomen assessment different than other systems

A

so you do not disrupt internal contents

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8
Q

the liver is in what quadrant

A

RUQ

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9
Q

the sigmoid colon is in what quadrant

A

LLQ

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10
Q

the bladder is in what quadrants

A

in the middle between RLQ and LLQ

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11
Q

what quadrant is the gallbladder in

A

RUQ

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12
Q

what quadrant is the spleen in

A

LUQ

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13
Q

what quadrant is the majority of the stomach in

A

LUQ

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14
Q

what quadrant is the appendix in

A

RLQ

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15
Q

why is one kidney lower than the other, what kidney is lower

A

the right kidney is lower due to the liver

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16
Q

what is the costovertebral angle found between

A

12th rib and spine

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17
Q

RUQ

A

right upper quadrant

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18
Q

LUQ

A

left upper quadrant

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19
Q

RLQ

A

right lower quadrant

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20
Q

LLQ

A

left lower quadrant

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21
Q

what quadrant would you start at because this is where bowel sounds first start after they have been absent

A

right lower quadrant
illocecal valve

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22
Q

dysphagia

A

difficulty swallowing

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23
Q

what is the best position to have the patient in when doing the abdominal assessment. why?

A

supine and flat
allows to see extension of the abdomen

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24
Q

what should you do if the patient claims they have areas of tenderness and pain

A

assess that area last

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25
why do we assess the surgical scars, especially new ones
because there is a risk for infection
26
what should we do to our stethoscope before auscultation
warm it
27
does the older adult have decreased or increased salvia amounts
decreased
28
does the older adult have decreased or increased sense of taste
decreased
29
does the older adult have decreased or increased use of salt and sugar
increased
30
does the older adult have delayed or faster esophageal emptying
delayed
31
since the older adult has delayed esophageal emptying that increases their risk for
aspiration
32
does the older adult have decreased or increased gastric acid secretion
decreased
33
what anemia are older adults at risk for
pernicious
34
absorption of what mineral may be problematic
ca+
35
older adults have increased incidence of what
gallstones
36
what could cause a lack of symmetry in a persons abdomen
bowel obstruction
37
where would you note pulsations/movement
below xiphoid process
38
is seeing pulsations normal?
can be normal in pregnant women
39
when would a pulsation not be good
AAA abdmoninal aortic ansyersym
40
bruit is caused by
stenosis
41
if you have decreased hair this could be caused by
decreased nutrients
42
what is the correct term for obese patient contour of abdomen
protuberant
43
what could cause abdominal distension
bulges and masses hernia obesity air or gas ascites feces
44
ascities
edema in abdominal region
45
ascites can be accompanied by
renal failure and use of peritoneal dialysis
46
what part of stethoscope do we use for the bowel sounds
diaphragm
47
normal bowl sounds
high pitches, gurgling, cascading, IRREGULAR, 5-30 per min
48
hypoactive
<5 min
49
hyperactive
>30 min
50
how long do we listen to determine normal/hypo/hyper
no set amount of time, the amount of time for you to assess
51
if we have a patient with absent bowl sounds how long do we have to listen to make this determination
5 mins
52
why might someone have absent bowl sounds
NPO
53
where do you auscultate the aorta
midline under xiphoid process, above belly button
54
where do you auscultate the renal arteries
above belly button laterally
55
where do you auscultate the iliac arteries
below belly button laterally
56
what part of the stethoscope do we use to listen do vascular sounds
bell
57
what is normal when listening to vascular sounds
normal not to hear anything
58
what is a bruit
abnormal caused by stenosis of an artery that results in turbulent blood flow
59
what pattern should you use when percussing
zigzag side ways bc that is the way the intestines flow
60
what should be the dominate sound produced in the abdomen
tympany
61
where would you hear a dull sound
over organs
62
where would you hear a flat sound
over bone
63
what are the tests used for ascites to confirm abnormal fluid
testing for fluid wave testing for shifting dullness
64
would you be able to feel the enlarged liver and nodule liver with light or deep palpations
light
65
what enlarged organs would have to be felt with deep palpations
spleen and kidney
66
do you start with light or deep palpation
light palpation and then deep palpation
67
when enlarged liver it can extend below
the ribs
68
rebound tenderness is called what sign
blumbergs
69
rebound tenderness
peritoneal inflammation associated with appendicitis
70
rebound tenderness is pain when
pressure is released
71
inspiratory arrest is called what sign
Murphys sign
72
inspiratory arrest is a test for
inflamed gallballder
73
CVT
posterior percussion over kidneys
74
striae is associated with
ascites
75
umbilical hernia
usually intestine, belly button, have the person cough
76
epigastric hernia
epigastric region, felt and palpable when patient stands
77
incisional hernia
can be anywhere there is an incision and seen sitting and standing
78
rebound tenderness what organ
appendix
79
Murphys sign what organ
gallbladder
80
how might you tell if an abdomen with a rounded appearance is filled with fluid, gas, or mass
fluid wave shifting dullness
81
when the patient reports that a certain spot in the abdomen is tender it is best to A. palpate that spot last, to prevent pain from interfering with the rest of the examination B. palpate that spot first, to avoid prolonging the patients anticipation C. avoid that spot entirely, as other clinicians are going to palpate it after you D. palpate in the same order as you always would, to avoid missing something because you broke your routine
A. palpate that spot last, to prevent pain from interfering with the rest of the examination
82
which of the following is not in the list of common causes for abdominal distension A. flatus B. fetus C. fluid D. Follicles E. Fat
D. Follicles
83
which of the following answers are true (SATA) A. listen for bowel sounds in each quadrant B. Always auscultate before palpating as palpation may alter bowel sounds C. Use the bell of stethoscope to auscultate for bowel sounds D. Listen for at least 5 mins before documenting that bowl sounds are absent
A, B, D
84
the patient has hypoactive bowel sounds. the nurse knows that a potential cause of hypoactive bowel sounds is A. diarrhea B. Peritonitis C. Laxative use D. Gastroenteritis
B. Peritonitis
85
when examining a patent with good muscle wall relaxation the nurse observes abdominal pulsations between the xiphoid and umbilicus, the nurse would suspect that there are A. pulsations of the renal arteries B. pulsations of the inferior vena cava C. normal abdominal aortic pulsations D. increased peristalsis from a bowel obstruction
C. normal abdominal aortic pulsations

Health Assessment (20 decks)

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