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Mental Status Assessment (Chapter 5) Flashcards

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1
Q

mental status is

A

persons emotional and cognitive functioning

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2
Q

optimal functioning of mental health aims toward simultaneous

A

life satisfaction in work, caring relationships and within self

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3
Q

usually mental health strikes a balance, allowing a person to function

A

socially and occupationally

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4
Q

what is a mental disorder

A

situation when a person has a response that is much greater than expected and is characterize by a significant behavioral or psychological pattern, that is associated by distress

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5
Q

what are mental disorders etiology

A

organic
psychiatric

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6
Q

when do we need to do a complete mental status exam

A

recent trauma resulting with a change in memory
report of decline in cognitive ability
when the patient requires a thorough exam of emotional and cognitive functioning

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7
Q

what are the 4 components of a mental status exam

A

appearance
behavior
cognition
thought processes and perceptions

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8
Q

what are some of the components of the mental status exam

A

consciousness
language
mood and affect
orientation
attention
memory
abstract reasoning
thought process
thought content
perceptions

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9
Q

what is included in appearance (general survey)

A

body movements
dress
grooming
hygiene

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10
Q

what is included in behavior (general survey)

A

level of consciousness
facial expression
speech
mood and affect

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11
Q

what is included in cognitive functioning (general survey)

A

orientation
attention span
recent memory
new learning (4 unrelated words)

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12
Q

what is included in thought processes (general survey)

A

thought content (what they say is consistent and logical)
perceptions (person should be consistently aware of reality)
suicidal thoughts

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13
Q

what are some examples of abnormal findings of appearance

A

grabbing something in pain
pacing

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14
Q

abnormal findings for behaviors

A

non responsive
in and out consciousness
laughing in inappropriate conversations

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15
Q

abnormal findings for thought processes and perceptions

A

think they are the president or its 1950
suicidal thoughts: anyone can do screening

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16
Q

what suicidal individual is at high risk

A

patients who have a plan

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17
Q

we want to avoid

A

sterotyping

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18
Q

difference between cognitive function and consciousness

A

cognition involves mental processes and propositional attitudes, such as knowledge, belief, and desire; consciousness is awareness of oneself and one’s surroundings.

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19
Q

sundown syndrome

A

a state of confusion occurring in the late afternoon and lasting into the night

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20
Q

dementia

A

multiple cognitive deficits
chronic disturbance of consciousness and cognition
long and shirt term memory loss with short term more pronounced
disturbances in executive functioning
speech and language
irreversible

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21
Q

delirium

A

acute disturbance of consciousness and cognition (develops over short period of time)
medical conditions preclude this condition
no history of dementia
may develop in addition to deminata during period of hospitalization
reversible

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22
Q

dementia is ______________ disturbance of consciousness and cognition

A

chronic

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23
Q

delirium is _____________ disturbance of consciousness and cognition

A

acute

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24
Q

dementia has ___________ cognitive deficits

A

multiple

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25
dementia has what kind of memory loss
long and short term
26
what is special about dementia short term memory loss
more pronounced
27
what may preclude delirium
medical conditions
28
delirium develops over __________ period of time
short
29
dementia can affect the
speech and language
30
delirium may develop in addition ton dementia during
period of hospitalization
31
is dementia reversible or irreversible
irreversible
32
is delirium reversible or irreversible
reversible
33
when we have a patient with delirium due to hospital setting how might they act when they return home
become more alert and back to normal status
34
what does cognitive impairment look like
clouding of consciousness impaired alertness impaired memory (recent most common) disoriented, language impairment hallucinations increased confusion at night (sundown) agitation
35
glasgow coma scale determines
consciousness
36
levels of consciousness
alert lethargic obtunded stupor/semi coma coma
37
sedation scale S-4 S
asleep, easy to arouse
38
sedation scale S-4 1
awake and alert
39
sedation scale S-4 2
slightly drowsy, easily aroused
40
sedation scale S-4 3
frequently drowsy, arousable, drifts off to sleep during conversation
41
sedation scale S-4 43
somnolent, minimal or no response to physical stimulation
42
glasgow coma scale measures
best motor, verbal and eye response
43
glasgow coma scale is _____________ in nature
quantitative
44
glasgow coma scale below what denotes coma
8
45
highest glasgow coma scale
15
46
TIA
transischemic stroke
47
aphasia
difficulty speaking
48
3 types of aphasia
global broca or expressive aphasia wernicke or receptive aphasia
49
what is the most common type of aphasia
global
50
what type of aphasia is the most severe
global
51
global aphasia is caused by
large lesion that affects anterior and posterior language areas
52
how would a patient with global aphasia would present
speech is absent or only a few words no comprehension can't repeat, write or read
53
are people with brocas/expressive aphasia able to understand
yes
54
are people with brocas/expressive aphasia able to express self using language
no
55
where is the leison brocas/expressive aphasia
motor cortex of the anterior portion of the brain (contains brocas area)
56
are people with brocas/expressive aphasia able to repeat or read aloud
no
57
are people with brocas/expressive aphasia auditory and reading comprehension intact
yes
58
what is the opposite of Broca aphasia
wernicke/receptive
59
where is the lesion for wernicke/receptive aphasia
posterior area of language center
60
are people with wernicke/receptive aphasia able to hear sounds
yes but they cannot relate to them
61
how would someone with wernicke/receptive aphasia talk
speech is fluent patient has a great urge to speak words are made up and frequented with word substitutions, result is incomprehensible speech
62
people with wernicke/receptive aphasia have imapired
repetition, reading, writing
63
how do we communicate with patients with broca/expressive aphasia
speak clearly books on tape picture board written words yes/no questions email
64
how do we communicate with patients with wernicke/receptive aphasia
picture board don't keep talking and repeating don't write, can't read use gestures to help with understanding
65
always check what before doing a mental status assessment
sensory status (vision and hearing)
66
in the older adult what is slower
response time
67
we need to plan teaching at what pace for the older adult
slow pace
68
for the aging adult we need to consider if the person had multiple losses why?
because we do not want to be mid explanation/teaching and the patient does not have hearing aid or glassess
69
a major characteristic of dementia is A. impairment of short and long term memory B. Hallucinations C. Sudden onset of symptoms D. Substance-induced
impairment of short and long term memory

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