Abnormal Uterine Bleeding Flashcards
(34 cards)
what is defined as uterine bleeding occurring at regular intervals of less than 21 days?
polymenorrhea
what is defined as prolonged (greater than 7 days) or excessive (greater than 80mL) uterine bleeding occurring at regular intervals?
menorrhagia
what is defined as uterine bleeding occurring at intervals greater than 35 days?
oligomenorrhea
what is defined as bleeding that occurs at frequent, but irregular intervals?
metrorrhagia
what is defined as uterine bleeding that is prolonged or excessive but also frequent and irregular ?
menometrorrhagia
how much blood loss is necessary to define menorrhagia?
greater than 80 mL
what are the two main mechanisms for hemostasis during menstruation?
formation of hemostatic plug; vasoconstriction
a pt with postcoital bleeding should be worked up for which two differentials?
cervical cancer and cervicitis
what 4 tests should be ordered as part of the workup for abnormal uterine bleeding?
FSH, TSH, PRL, and beta hCG
what is the time frame for a normal menstrual cycle?
every 21 to 35 days w/ menstruation lasting 2 to 7 days
what are the most common types of cancer associated with reproductive age bleeding?
cervical and endometrial
what is the most common cause of hospital admission for menorrhagia in adolescents?
von Willebrand disease
t or f: hyperthyroidism causes an ovulation and is frequently associated with menorrhagia and intermenstrual bleeding
FALSE - hyPO
t or f: cirrhosis can be a cause of excessive bleeding during menstruation
TRUE - secondary to reduced capacity of the liver to metabolize estrogens
t or f: abnormal uterine bleeding is a diagnosis of exclusion
TRUE
how is the diagnosis of ovulatory abnormal uterine bleeding made?
endometrial biospy
what is the relationship between estrogen and the endometrium? progesterone?
estrogen stimulation leads to constant endometrial proliferation; progesterone is what mediates maturation and shedding
what is the treatment of choice for pts with heavy bleeding and hemodynamic instability?
d&c; note: once bleeding is controlled, pt can be placed on medical management
t or f: medical management is the first line treatment for pts with abnormal uterine bleeding.
true
what is the mainstay of treatment for anovulatory bleeding?
OCP
what is the mcc of post menopausal bleeding?
atrophy (vaginal/endometrial)
how is post menopausal bleeding defined?
bleeding that occurs after 1 year of amenorrhea
what is the most common lethal cause of post menopausal bleeding?
endometrial cancer
t or f: HRT for menopausal women with a uterus must contain estrogen only pills
FALSE: must contain progestin ALONG with estrogen to prevent endometrial hyperplasia/carcinoma