Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Pharmacology II > Acid Controlling Drugs > Flashcards

Acid Controlling Drugs Flashcards

(65 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

The stomach secretes what?

A

HCL
bicarbonate
pepsinogen
intrinsic factor
mucus
prostaglandins (anti inflammatory)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are the three glands of the stomach

A

Cardiac
Pyloric
Gastric

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Name the Cells of the Gastric Glands

A

Parietal
Chief
Mucous
Endocrine
Enterochromaffin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What do Parietal cells produce?

A

HCL

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What do chief cells do?

A

break down proteins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What do Mucous cells do?

A

protects the stomach from acidity of the stomach environment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is Peptic Ulcer diseasae?

A

Ulcers that involve the digestion of the GI mucosa caused by pepsin; can be casues by bacteria (H. pylori)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is the treatment regime of Peptic Ulcer disease?

A

Triple therapy: 7-14 days, of proton pump inhibitors, clarithromycin, amoxicillin, metronidazole, or Quadruple therapy of the previous drugs + bismuth subsalicylates

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is Stress related Mucosal damage?

A

Due to high stress environment of hospital it causes GI lesions, GI ischemia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are the types of Acid controlling drugs?

A

Antacids
H2 antagonists
PPIs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What do Antacids do?

A

neutralize the stomach acidity, may contian an antiflatulant, and amgnesium to prevent contipation,

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What elements are constipating?

A

aluminum and calcium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What are the Antacids you need to know for the exam?

A

calcium
containing magnesium
Sodium bicarbonate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

MOA of Antacids?

A

Stimulate mucus, bicarbonate, prostaglandins. these all buffer and neutralize acid secretions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

How do Antacids effect the body

A

Stops the irritation of the stomach lining, neutralizes 90% of gastric acid, raises pH 1.3-2.3 points

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Who needs antacids?

A

acute relief of peptic ulcers, gastritis, gastric hyperacidity, heart burn

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

what are the contraindications of antacids?

A

allergy
severe renal failure
accumulation of electrolytes
obstruction (tumor, stricter)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What are the types of Antacids?

A

Aluminum hydroxide
Magnesium hydroxide
Simethicone
Combination aluminum hydroxide and magnesium hydroxide contain a local anesthetic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Describe Aluminum salts?

A

are very constipating
recommended for renal disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Describe Magnesium salts?

A

cause diarrhea
very dangerous when pt is in renal failure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Describe Calcium salts

A

may cause constipation and kidney stones
not recommended for renal disease
have a long duration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Describe Sodium bicarbonate

A

Highly soluble
buffers acidic properties
may cause metabolic alkalosis
fast onset short duration
contains sodium may cause fluid overload

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Which Antacid can a pt. with renal failure use?

A

Aluminum salt antacid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What are Antiflatulets?

A

Helps relive painful symptoms with gas

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
what is the Antiflatulents drug on the exam?
simethicone
26
Antacids AEs
overuse= metabolic acidosis contipation diarrhea rebound hyperacididty
27
Interactions of Antacids
reduce ability to absorb meds
28
When should other medications be taken if pt is taking antacids?
the drugs should be taken 2 hours before or after antacids
29
What are H2 receptor antagonist?
Drugs that reduce acid secretion inhibit 90% of acid production
30
What are the H2 antagonists drugs you need to know for the exam?
ranitidine hydrochloride (Zantac®) famotidine (Pepcid®) Cimetidine
31
what is the MOA of H2 Receptor antagonist's
block acid producing cells, incresas pH of stomach relive many sympotooms of hyperacidity
32
Indications of H2 receptor antagonists
GERDs peptic ulcers Erosive esophagitis control upper GI bleeds Zollinger Ellison syndrome
33
What are the AE of H2 receptor antagonists?
in the elderly can cause confusion/disorientation ED gynecomastia Thrombocytopenia
34
H2 receptor antagonists Interactions
Cimetidine: affect absorption of other meds All H2 antagonists may inhibit the absorption of drugs that require an acidic gastrointestinal environment for absorption
35
What activity decreases the effectiveness of H2 Antagonists?
smoking, taking antacids at the same time
36
What are Proton Pump Inhibitors?
They totally block the secretion of H+ ions from the parietal cells
37
What Proton Pump Inhibitors drugs do you need to know for the exam?
lansoprazole (Prevacid®) omeprazole (Losec®) pantoprazole sodium (Pantoloc®) (only IV med)
38
What is the MOA of Proton Pump Inhibitors?
Bind to ATPase enzyme to prevent movement of H+ ion and blocks there secretions
39
What are the Indications of Proton Pump Inhibitors?
Gastroesophageal reflux disease Erosive esophagitis Short-term treatment of active duodenal and benign gastric ulcers Zollinger-Ellison syndrome Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID)–induced ulcers Stress ulcer prophylaxis Treatment of H. pylori–induced infections Given with an antibiotic
40
What are the AE of Proton Pump Inhibitors?
Protein pump inhibitors (PPIs) are generally well tolerated. Possible predisposition to gastrointestinal tract infections: Clostridium difficile Osteoporosis and risk of wrist, hip, and spine fractures in long-term users Pneumonia Depletion of magnesium
41
What are the interactions of Proton Pump Inhibitors?
Increase serum levels of diazepam and phenytoin Warfarin: increased chance of bleeding Absorption of ketoconazole, ampicillin, iron salts, and digoxin Copidogrel (Plavix): risk of MI, death Sucralfate: may delay the absorption of PPIs Food may decrease absorption of the PPIs
42
Name the miscellaous Acid controlling drugs
sucralfate misoprostol Simethicone (Ovol®)
43
Explain Sucralfate
must give 2 hrs before meds and 1 hr before meals with empty stomach cytoprotective e drug used for stress and peptic ulcers attaches and binds to base of ulcers and erosions to form a barrier over them to protect them from pepsin
44
Explain Misoprostol
Is a prostaglandin (cytoprotective) not as effective as H2 antagonist or PPIs used for NSAID gastric ulcers may induce labor (don't use of pregnant women)
45
Explain Simethicone
is an antiflatulet alter elasticity of mucous gas bubles results in decreased gas pain
46
What is an Example of Antacid Magnesium salt?
Magnesium hydroxide and mineral oil (Magnolox®)
47
What is an example of Antacid Aluminum salts?
Magnesium hydroxide and mineral oil (Magnolox®)
48
What is an example of Antacid Calcium salts?
Example: calcium carbonate and simethicone (Maalox, Rolaids®)
49
Many antacids also contain what drug?
Simethicone (antiflatulent)
50
What element counteracts the constipating effects of aluminum and calcium?
magnesium
51
______ May lead to the development of kidney stones and increased gastric acid secretion
Calcium antacids
52
_______ Must be avoided in patients with renal failure
Magnesium Antacids
53
______ is highly soluble, has a quick onset and short DOA
Sodium bicarbonate
54
What needs to be assessed prior to and when administering antacids?
Fluid disease allergies Renal disease GI obstruction HF or HTN (no sodium antacids) Pregnancy
55
When should Antacids be adminstred?
1-2 hours before other medications
56
How can Antacids effect enteric coated medications?
they may cause the premature dissolving of the coating causing an upset stomach and possible decreased effect of the medication
57
Why do chewable meds need to be chewed thoroughly?
To ensure they are broken down when they arrive in the stomach to ensure they are effective
58
Antacids should be administered with _____ to ensure absorption
240 mL of water (except with rapid dissolve meds)
59
What are the AEs of Antacids?
NVD, abdominal pain Calcium products: constipation, acid rebound
60
What needs to be assessed during and prior to administering H2 antagonists?
Allergies Liver function confusion disorientation
61
When should H2 antagonists be administer if the patient is also taking antacids?
1-2 hours before similar to all other medications
62
What needs to be assessed during and prior to administration of a PPI?
Allergies liver function
63
PPIs may increase serum levels of what?
diazepam, phenytoin,
64
Granules of what med may be given via NG tube?
pantoprazole
65

Pharmacology II (12 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions