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CLINICAL CHEMISTRY 2 > ACID PHOSPHATASE > Flashcards

ACID PHOSPHATASE Flashcards

(54 cards)

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1
Q

What is the systematic name of ACP?

A

E.C. 3.1.3.2

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2
Q

ACP and ALT are both hydrolase. Therefore what do they catalyze?

A

Phosphate monoesters

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3
Q

TRUE OR FALSE:

The substrate of ACP will always have a “Phosphate”

A

TRUE

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4
Q

What is the optimum pH that ACP takes place?

A

<7 pH

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5
Q

ACP isoenzymes are divided into 2 groups based on?

A

Inhibition

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6
Q

This refers to the activity being stopped or inactivated.

A

Inhibition

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7
Q

What are the INHIBITORY CHEMICAL REAGENTS?

A
  1. 2% Formaldehyde
  2. Cupric Sulfate
  3. Tartrate
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8
Q

This is the commonly used inhibitory chemical reagents.

A

Tartrate

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9
Q

What are the 2 groups of Isoenzymes?

A

A) Tartrate Resistant ACPs
B) Inhibited by chemical reagents

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10
Q

What are the Isoenzymes that belongs to TRAP?

A

Bone & Red Blood Cell ACP

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11
Q

This is an isoenzyme that resists inhibition caused by reagents.

A

Tartrate Resistant ACPS

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12
Q

What are the Isoenzymes that are inhibited by chemical reagents (Tartrate)?

A

Prostatic ACP
Platelets, Granulocytes and Monocytes

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13
Q

All ACP activities are located in the _____________ of the cell.

A

Lysosome

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14
Q

This is an organ within the cytoplasm of the cell except for the RBC.

A

Lysosome

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15
Q

Why is ACP activity not found in RBC?

A

Because it has no lysosome. And all ACP activities are found within the lysosome.

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16
Q

What Isoenzymes belongs to bands 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5?

A

1 : Prostatic ACP
2 & 4 : Granulocytes
3 : Platelets, RBC’s and Monocytes
5 : Bone - osteoclasts

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17
Q

These Isoenzymes are inhibited by Tartrate.

A

Prostatic ACP and Granulocytes, Platelets and MONOCYTES

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18
Q

These are the major form in plasma

A

Platelets, RBCs and Monocytes

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19
Q

These Isoenzymes are resistant to Tartrate inhibition

A

Bone - osteoclasts and RBCs

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20
Q

What causes the ACP elevation?

A

Prostatic Isoenzyme and Bone Isoenzyme/TRAP

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21
Q

What is the most common cancer among men?

A

Prostate cancer

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22
Q

TRUE OR FALSE:
Any condition that originates from the prostate causes elevation of the ACP.

23
Q

Transcribe PSA

Study These Flashcards
A

Prostate Specific Antigen

24
Q

Which is inferior, ACP or PSA?

Study These Flashcards
A

ACP. ACP is inferior to PSA

25
WHAT ARE THE EXAMPLES OF ACP ELEVATION CAUSED BY PROSTATIC ISOENZYME?
Prostatic Hyperplasia Prostatic Infarction Urinary Tract Obstruction Carcinoid Prostatic massage
26
What case is ACP related?
Suspected rape
27
For how long does ACP in semen last?
First 12hrs up to 4 days
28
What are the symptoms of prostate cancer?
Pain in the lower back Pain in the lower extremities Headache if lifting heavy objects
29
Thus is a medical procedure where there is a stimulation of the prostate gland of males.
Prostatic massage
30
What are the purposes of Prostatic massage?
1. To check if there are abnormalities caused by infection 2. To check for abnormal cells (proliferating in the area) 3. To alleviate pain
31
What condition is associated with prostatic massage to alleviate pain?
Chronic prostatitis
32
This refers to the exaggeration of osteoclasts activity because of the elevation of TRAP.
Active osteoclasts - mediated bone
33
This is a specialized WBC found in the bone matrix to maintain growth and hemostasis of bone development.
Osteoclasts
34
What are the roles of osteoclasts?
Bone formation Bone resorption
35
Describe bone formation and bone resorption.
Bone formation refers to the formation of bone. Bone resorption refers to the breakdown of bone matrix
36
This condition refers to the overstimulation of the osteoclasts causing an excessive bone resorption or osteitis deformance. Therefore, the osteoclasts activity is twice the ULN.
Paget's disease
37
What are the symptoms of Paget's disease?
Bone pain Deformities of the bone
38
This is a rare form of Leukemia, whereas there is an over proliferation of the B lymphocyte.
Hairy Cell Leukemia
39
What cell over proliferates in Hairy Cell Leukemia?
B lymphocytes
40
What is the characteristic of the B lymphocyte if smear sample is observed under the microscope?
Hairy
41
What activity is utilized as a key indicator for the presence of Hairy Cell Leukemia?
Elevated activity of TRAP
42
This is the only disease that is not related to the bone. Whereas the presence of an abnormal macrophage is found in the spleen causing over expression of macrophage.
Gaucher's disease
43
What is the SUBSTRATE and END-PRODUCT of Gutman & Gutman?
S: Phenylphosphate EP: Inorganic phosphate
44
What is the SUBSTRATE and END-PRODUCT of Shinowara?
S: 4-nitrophenyl phosphate EP: 4- nitrophenol
45
What is the SUBSTRATE and END-PRODUCT of Babson, Read and Phillips?
S: Alpha-naphthyl phosphate EP: Alpha-naphthol
46
What is the SUBSTRATE and END-PRODUCT of Roy and Hillman?
S: Thymolphthalein monophosphate EP: Free - Thymolphthalein monophosphate
47
Under Shinowara, there are reagents we used in the laboratory. What color is the substrate and product?
White : Substrate Yellow : Product
48
In the measurement of ACP activity, it is measured via?
A. Chemical Inhibition B. Prostatic ACP
49
Reaction is measured before the addition of Tartrate.
Total ACP
50
This refers to the reaction measured after the addition of Tartrate
Residual activity
51
What is the formula of Prostatic ACP?
pACP = tACP - rACP
52
Give the chronological order of ACP isoenzymes in terms of ACP activity. (GREATEST TO LEAST)
Prostatic ACP > Bone ACP > Cellular ACP (macrophage, PLT and GNLC) > Erythrocytes
53
Under prostatic ACP, this is the preferred substrate for quantitative endpoint reactions (Modified by Roy)
Thymolphthalein monophosphate
54
This is the most commonly used substrate and is used for continuous monitoring method.
A-naphthyl phosphate (Hillman method)

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