LIPASE

Question 1

What is the chemical name of LIPASE?

Answer 1

Triacylglycerol Acylhydrolase

Question 2

What is the systematic name of Lipase?

Answer 2

E.C.3.1.1.3

Question 3

Why can’t LIPASE be seen in the urine?

Answer 3

Because lipase is absorbant to the circulation.

Question 4

What is needed for the full catalytic activity of LIPASE?

Answer 4

Bile salts and cofactor (colipase)

Question 5

What is the reaction catalyzed of Lipase?

Answer 5

The long chain fatty acids of glycerol esters.

Question 6

What do you call the water-insoluble substances that lipase only acts on?

Answer 6

Emulsified substrate

Question 7

Lipase requires access to ____________ that’s why
the emulsion of this will increase the
surface of lipids causing now a more
effective lipase activity.

Answer 7

Lipid

Question 8

What is the importance of Lipase?

Answer 8

Responsible for triglyceride metabolism

Question 9

If lipase acted on triglycerides, what would be the product/products.

Answer 9

Free fatty acids + glycerol

Question 10

What are the examples of TAG-rich molecules?

Answer 10

Chylomicrons and VLDL

Question 11

What is the major tissue source of lipase? How many times is the increase?

Answer 11

Pancreas; 9,000 folds

Question 12

What is/are the tissue source of LIPASE?

Answer 12

PANCREAS
GIT
LEUKOCYTES
ADIPOSE CELLS
COLOSTRUM

Question 13

In the methods of determination of LIPASE, what are the specimen used?

Answer 13

Serum
Pleural fluid
Ascitic fluid

Question 14

What are the inhibitors in the methods of determination of lipase?

Answer 14

Heavy metals
Quinine
Esterase inhibitors

Question 15

What does not inhibit the lipase?

Answer 15

fluoride or arsenilate

Question 16

What increases the concentration of LPS?

Answer 16

Bacterium

Question 17

Which phase is the bacteria rapidly multiplying?

Answer 17

Exponential/Log phase

Question 18

Give examples of lipase-producing bacteria

Answer 18

Bacillus,
Pseudomonas,
Burkholderia mallei,
Burkholderia pseudomallei,
Streptomyces

Question 19

This is the phase where the bacteria is adjusting to a new environment.

Answer 19

Lag phase

Question 20

This is the phase where rapid multiplication of
bacteria takes place

Answer 20

Log / exponential phase

Question 21

This is the phase where balance of multiplication and death.

Answer 21

Plateau phase

Question 22

This is the best substrate for LPS determination

Answer 22

Long-Chain Triglycerol Substrate

Question 23

fatty acid is titrated w/ alkali
solution

Answer 23

Titrimetric methods

Question 24

This is the most common alkali solution

Answer 24

Sodium hydroxide

Question 25

What would be form in the titrimetric method?n

Answer 25

Acid

Question 26

What would acid do?

Answer 26

acid-formation will change the pH together with the volume of the reagents that we used in the test.

Question 27

What substrate does cherry crandall use?

Answer 27

Olive oil

Question 28

Incubate serum sample w/ olive oil – serum sample contains the lipase that will hydrolyze the olive oil

Answer 28

Cherry Crandall

Question 29

What are the several modifications of the Titrimetric method?

Answer 29

Cherry Crandall Tietz-Fiereck Bands and Ketty

Question 30

titration is carried out by ___________?

Answer 30

Potentiometry

Question 31

titration is carried out by potentiometry

Answer 31

pH meter

Question 32

emulsion of fats produces milky appearance.

Answer 32

Turbidimetric Methods

Question 33

- A lot simpler and more rapid method than Titrimetric method. - Look at turbidity from the hydrolysis of TAG by lipase. - Formation of free fatty acids will cause the turbidity of the reaction mixture. - The more turbid, the more lipase

Answer 33

Turbidimetric Methods

Question 34

What modification of the turbidimetric method uses olive oil as a substrate?

Answer 34

Vogel & Zieve Shihabi & Bishop

Question 35

What subtrate does DuPont ACA Method use?

Answer 35

Triolein

Question 36

In Rosital Diffusion method, the enzyme is buffered into ________________.

Answer 36

agarose gel w/ deoxycholate & olive oil emulsion

Question 37

At what temp is sample/serum incubated overnight in rosital diffusion method?

Answer 37

37°C

Question 38

What would be the end point of the RDM?

Answer 38

presence of clear zone around the well.

Question 39

Describe lipase in relation to the diameter.

Answer 39

Diameter is directly proportional to lipase concentration. THE HIGHER THE DIAMETER, THE HIGHER LIPASE CONCENTRATION will be.

Question 40

incorporate sodium deoxycholate, CaCl2, colipase

Answer 40

Ziogenhean et. al. (Hoffman & Weiss):

Question 41

fatty acids are extracted using Petroleum (solvent that will exact free fatty acids) ether.

Answer 41

Myrtle & Zell Method:

Question 42

What is the chemical name of Fluorescein?

Answer 42

4-methyl bellifuzone

Question 43

What is the endpoint if fluorimetric method?

Answer 43

the change in fluorescence that is proportional to lipase activity.

Question 44

Enumerate the methods under LONG-CHAIN TRIGLYCEROL SUBSTRATE.

Answer 44

Titrimetric Methods Turbidimetric Methods Spectrophotometric Method Fluorometric Method

Question 45

What are the advantages of short-chain Tryglycerol substrate?

Answer 45

Analytical greater solubility in aqueous medium

Question 46

What is the disadvantage of short-chain TG substrate?

Answer 46

unphysiologic substrate

Question 47

What is the substrate of erlanson and bergstrom use?

Answer 47

Tributyrin

Question 48

This method uses tributyrin

Answer 48

Erlanson & Bergstrom

Question 49

makes use of 1251-labeled lipase

Answer 49

Radio-immunoassay

Question 50

serves as a tracer for lipase activity

Answer 50

1251 label

Question 51

This refers to antibodies to pancreatic lipase are bound to latex particles.

Answer 51

Latex Agglutination

Question 52

Free Fatty Acids are mostly used and will be further catalyzed by other enzymes, until there is an end product which is usually a chromogen formation.

Answer 52

Coupled enzymatic method

Question 53

In the coupled enzymatic method, what would be the end product?

Answer 53

Chromogen formation

Question 54

According to Henry and Tietz, how long would the lipase activity decreases/normalize?

Answer 54

Henry : 8-14days Tietz : 7-14 days

Question 55

caused by peritoneal absorption of pancreatic enzymes due to perforation (‘butas’), causing a leakage of pancreatic enzymes to other tissues surrounding them.

Answer 55

Perforated Peptic Ulcer & Duodenal Ulcer

Question 56

may lead to stress on the pancreas that will result in ischemia, then later on, release of pancreatic enzymes into the circulation.

Answer 56

Intestinal Obstruction

Question 57

NOT ELEVATED in Mumps

Answer 57

Mesenteric Vascular Obstruction

Question 58

Enumerate the cause of lipase elevation

Answer 58

Perforated Peptic Ulcer & Duodenal Ulcer – Intestinal Obstruction Mesenteric Vascular Obstruction

Question 59

there is continuous depleted damage to the pancreas, and there is a possible scarring of the pancreas which will decrease the production of pancreatic enzymes.

Answer 59

Chronic Pancreatitis

Question 60

an inherited/genetic condition. Production of thick mucous that can cover the pancreas which can impair the ability of pancreatic enzymes.

Answer 60

Cystic Fibrosis

Question 61

causes extensive damage to the pancreas leading to the decrease activity of pancreatic enzymes.

Answer 61

Pancreatic Cancer

Question 62

increased level of triglycerides caused by the low concentration of lipase in our body

Answer 62

Hypertriglyceridemia

Question 63

Enumerate the inhibitors of lipase

Answer 63

Chronic Pancreatitis Cystic Fibrosis Pancreatic Cancer Hypertriglyceridemia