Activation Of Adaptive Immunity - Bowden

Question 1

Started on 7

Answer 1

Look at previous

Question 2

What is MHC also referred to as? 8

Answer 2

HLA (human leukocyte antigens)

Question 3

Where are type I MHC found? 8

Answer 3

On all nucleated cells

Question 4

Where are type II MHC found? 8

Answer 4

Found on professional APCs

Dendritic cells
Macrophages
B lymphocytes

Question 5

Read 9

Answer 5

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Question 6

Why do T cells need HLAs (MHCs)? 10

Answer 6

T cells cannot recognize free or soluble Ag, they need to be presented to

Question 7

What chromosome is MHC/HLA genes found on? 11

Answer 7

Chromosome 6

Question 8

How many classes of HLA are there? 11

Answer 8

3 classes (I, II, and III)

Question 9

Read 12

Answer 9

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Question 10

Which HLA locus of MHC class I has the greatest number of allotypes? 13

Answer 10

HLA locus B 439

Question 11

Which HLA locus of MHC class II has the greatest number of allotypes? 13

Answer 11

HLA locus DRB1 269

Question 12

What codes for Class I HLA (MHC)? 14

Answer 12

HLA-A
HLA-B
HLA-C

3 separate genes

Question 13

Finish reading slide 14

Answer 13

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Question 14

read 15

Answer 14

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Question 15

Where is the peptide binding groove on Class I HLA(MHC)

Answer 15

Between the α1 and α2 domains

This site has the greatest polymorphisms

Question 16

Finish reading 16

Answer 16

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Question 17

Where is the α chain of class I HLA (MHC) synthesized? 17

Answer 17

Translated into the ER as a glycoproteins

Question 18

Finish reading 17

Answer 18

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Question 19

How many different alleles of Class I HLA can be expressed at the same time? 18

Answer 19

6 different allelic expressions 1

Question 20

Read 19

Answer 20

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Question 21

What is the structure of the Class II HLA (MHC)? 20

Answer 21

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Question 22

Where is the peptide binding groove for Class II HLA (MHC)? 21

Answer 22

Formed by the α1 and β1 domains

Question 23

Finish reading 21

Answer 23

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Question 24

Where is Class II HLA (MHC) synthesized? 22

Answer 24

The α and β chains are synthesized into the ER where a third protein called the invariant chain is added

Question 25

What is the role of the invariant chain within Class II HLA (MHC)? 22

Answer 25

Finish reading this slide

Question 26

What kind of end does the groove of Class II HLA (MHC) have? 23

Answer 26

An open-ended groove

Question 27

Finish 23

Answer 27

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Question 28

What are some main features of Class I and Class II HLA? 24

Answer 28

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Question 29

Finish reading 24

Answer 29

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Question 30

Read 25

Answer 30

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Question 31

What is a minor HLA class? What chromosome is it encoded from? 26

Answer 31

H-Y Encoded on the Y chromosome

Question 32

What are H-Y class HLA associated with? 26

Answer 32

Acute rejection of male grafts in female recipients

Question 33

Read 27

Answer 33

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Question 34

What does CD4 of Th cells bind on APCs? 27

Answer 34

β-2 on class 2 HLA (MHCs)

Question 35

What is the principle function of Dendritic cells? 29

Answer 35

Add from table

Question 36

What is the principle function of macrophages? What type of response do they play a role in? 29

Answer 36

Ag presentation to CD4 cell-mediated responses

Question 37

What is the principle function of B lymphocytes? What type of response do they play a role in? 29

Answer 37

Ag presentation to CD4 humoral immune response

Question 38

Read 30

Answer 38

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Question 39

What kind of Processing pathway deals with intracellular pathogens and self? 31

Answer 39

Class I HLA (MHC)

Question 40

What processing pathway deals with extracellular pathogens? 31

Answer 40

Class II HLA (MHC)

Question 41

What happens in the class II HLA (MHC) pathway? 32

Answer 41

Protein Ag brought in via endosome Lysosomes binds with endosome (digestion) A CLIP is removed from HLA-DM making it Active HLA-DM can now bind Ag peptide for presentation

Question 42

Read 33 and 32 and describe what happens within the ER during the Class II HLA (MHC) pathway

Answer 42

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Question 43

What happens in the Class I HLA (MHC) pathway? 34

Answer 43

Virus produces proteins either in cytosol or phagosome of host cell These proteins are ubiquinated Ubiquinated viral proteins run through proteasome (digestion) TAP on the ER surface grabs viral peptides TAP (with Tapasin) loads peptide on Class I HLA (MHC) Loaded HLA I goes to Golgi and then is presented on outside of cell

Question 44

What's happening during cross-presentation? 36

Answer 44

If virus infects a DC and enters cytosol the DC can express as HLA (MHC) I to signal a CTL (CD8) Normally, DC can phagosome virus and present as HLA II (MHC) to signal a Th (CD$)

Question 45

What mutation causes Ankylosing spondylitis? What is it? 40

Answer 45

expression of HLA-B27 Inflammation of the spine

Question 46

What causes rheumatic fever? 41

Answer 46

Pt. Gets strep throat (streptococcus pyrogenes) Ab produced in response react with cardiac tissue If HLA-DR4 allele is expressed = rheumatic fever

Question 47

What are the HLA associations with Sjogren's Syndrome, Insulin-dependent Diabetes Mellitus, and Psoriasis? 41

Answer 47

Sjogren's Syndrome - HLA-DR3 Insulin-dependent Diabetes Mellitus - HLA-DQw8 Psoriasis - HLA-B3

Question 48

Read 42

Answer 48

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Question 49

Read 43, 44

Answer 49

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