Integument Barrier Infection - Dennis

Question 1

What is another term for the hypodermis? 3

Answer 1

Subcutaneous

Question 2

What are the four roles of the integument? 3

Answer 2

Protection - Physcial, chemical, biological

Sensation & excretion

Thermoregulatin

Synthesis of Vitamin D3

Question 3

What two things does thick skin lack? 5

Answer 3

Lacks:

• hair
• fingerprints

Question 4

Where is thick skin found? 5

Answer 4

Palms of hands and soles of feet

Question 5

How is contact between the epidermis and dermis maintained? 6

Answer 5

Via heme desmosomes @ the dermal-epidermal junction

Question 6

What does the epidermal-dermal border follow? 6

Answer 6

The dermal ridge follows the dermal papilla

Question 7

What cells are found in the epidermis? 8

Answer 7

Keratinocytes
Melanocytes
Merkel Cells
Langerhans cells

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Question 8

What are the layers of the epidermis from most superficial to deep? 8

Answer 8

Stratum corneum
Stratum lucidum
Stratum granulosum
Stratum spinosum
Stratum basale (germantivum)

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Question 9

What is the main problem in psoriasis?

Answer 9

High rate of turnover in skin reproduction

Question 10

What is the keratin precursor and where is it produced? 9

Answer 10

Cytokeratin produced by Startum Spinosum

Question 11

What are aggregates of cytokeratin called? 9

Answer 11

Tonofillaments

Question 12

What is the malpghian layer? 9

Answer 12

Stratum spinosum + stratum basal

Question 13

What two granules are contained within the Stratum Granulosum? 10

Answer 13

Keratohyalin granules

Lamellar granules

Question 14

What is the role of Keratohyalin granules? 10

Answer 14

Assembles keratin into bundles

Cys and His rich

Question 15

What is the role of Lamellar Granules? 10

Answer 15

Form a lipid-rich (waterproof) barrier to foreign material (and water loss)

Question 16

What is the composition of the Stratum Lucidum? 11

Answer 16

Densely packed keratin filaments with no organelles or nuclei

Translucent

Question 17

What is the main component of

Stratum Corneum? 12

Answer 17

Squares - fully keratinzed cells

Question 18

What is the function of keratinocytes? 14

Answer 18

Produces keratin & lamellar granules

Stores melanin

Question 19

What is the function of melanocytes? 15

Answer 19

Produces melanin (that is then stored in keratinocytes)

Question 20

What enzyme produces melanin? 16

Answer 20

Tyrosinase enzyme:

Converts tyrosine –> DOPA

Question 21

What is DOPA? 16

Answer 21

A monomer of melanin

Question 22

What is the function of Langerhan cells? 17

Answer 22

Site-specific macrophages APCs that leave the cell once activated by an Ag

Question 23

What is the function of Merkel cells? Where are they found? 19

Answer 23

Found in the Stratum Basale

Light touch & texture

Question 24

What two layers make up the dermis? 19

Answer 24

Papillary layer

Reticular layer

Dermis is avascular

Question 25

What is contained within the Papillary Dermis? 20

Answer 25

Meissner corpuscles Dermal Papillar

Question 26

What is contained within the Reticular Dermis? 20

Answer 26

Type I collagen Elastic fibers

Question 27

What two plexi do we find in the dermal layer? 20

Answer 27

Subpapillary plexus Cutaneous plexus - main feeder

Question 28

Where are adipocytes stored within the skin? 21

Answer 28

Within the hypodermis (subcutaneous) layer

Question 29

What is the role of Free Nerve endings? Where are they located? 23

Answer 29

Pain (itching and temperature) Found along the dermal-epidermal junction

Question 30

What is the role of Meissner Corpuscles? Where are they located? 24

Answer 30

Detect light touch or low frequency stimuli Found in dermal papillae (fingertips, palms)

Question 31

What is the role of Pacinian Corpuscles? Where are they found? 25

Answer 31

Coarse touch, vibration, or pressure Found in the dermis or hypodermis

Question 32

What is the role of Merkel Disks? 25

Answer 32

High resolution tactile receptor

Question 33

What characterizes Sweat (Sudoriferous) glands? What kind of epithelium? 27, 29

Answer 33

A coiled eccrine (merocrine) or apocrine gland Epithelium - cuboidal

Question 34

What is the role of Apocrine glands? What type of secretion? 31

Answer 34

A type of sudorfierous sweat gland Utilizes merocrine (milky) secretion

Question 35

What two types of stimuli do Apocrine glands respond to? 30

Answer 35

Adrenergic Regulation (sympathetic) Hormones

Question 36

What is the role of Sebaceous glands and what is their product? 28

Answer 36

Lubricates hair and skin Product - sebum

Question 37

What are the three layers of the hair shaft? 32

Answer 37

Outside --> in Cuticle --> cortex --> medulla

Question 38

What is the lunula of the nail? 33

Answer 38

Crescent-shaped white area near nail matrix