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VIROLOGY Practice Questions > Adenoviridae > Flashcards

Adenoviridae Flashcards

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1
Q

Describe the morphology of Family Adenoviridae

A

Non-enveloped

hexagonal outline

icosahedral symmetry

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2
Q

Describe the genome of Family Adenoviridae

A

Non-segmented linear DSDNA

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3
Q

Viruses of Family Adenoviridae replicate in the

A

nucleus

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4
Q

Intranuclear inclusion bodies often in _________ arrays,

are typical of viruses of Family Adenoviridae

A

para-crystalline arrays

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5
Q

T/F:

Viruses of Family Adenoviridae display hemadsorption

A

FALSE!

Viruses of Family Adenoviridae hemagglutinate RBCs

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6
Q

Viruses of Family Adenoviridae are _______ in the environment,

but are _____ to inactivate with disinfectants

A

Viruses of Family Adenoviridae are stable in the environment

but are easy! to inactivate with disinfectants

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7
Q

Most *Adenoviruses *have ________ host ranges

A

narrow host ranges

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8
Q

_____ and _____ proteins of the capsid of *Adenoviruses *are toxic to cells

A

Penton and Fiber proteins

are TOXIC

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9
Q

How do Adenoviruses cause immunosuppression in their hosts?

A

Adenoviruses encode proteins that suppress host immune and inflammatory responses

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10
Q

Adenovirus proteins E3/19K inhibit

A

E3/19K inhibit transport by class 1 major histocompatibility antigen

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11
Q

*Adenovirus *protein E3/14.7K inhibit ___________ which is supposed to induce apoptosis

A

TNF is inhibited by E3/14.7K

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12
Q

Adenoviruses inhibit host cell interferon

and modulates antiviral inflammatory response by inhibiting

the transcriptional activity of __________

A

nuclear factor kB (NF k B)

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13
Q

Adenoviruses have _____ periods of latency

A

LONG

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14
Q

Where do Adenoviruses remain latent in the host body?

A

Adenoviruses lay latent in

lymphoid tissue

Tonsils, Adenoids, & Peyer’s Patches

Adenoviruses like to TAP then lay latent in lymphoids

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15
Q

Adenoviruses become reactivated in ___________ animals

A

immunocompromised

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16
Q

Some Adenoviruses can be oncogenic.

Oncogenic Adenovirus proteins are

_____ & _____

A

E1A and E1B

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17
Q

*Adenovirus *oncogenic protein E1A inactivates ___ protein

A

E1A inactivates Rb protein in host

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18
Q

*Adenoviruses *oncogenic protein E1B inactivates host cell protein ____

A

E1B inactivates host cell protein p53

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19
Q

Mammalian Adenoviruses come from genus ________

A

Mastadenovirus

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20
Q

Genus *Mastadenovirus *mammalian Adenoviruses

have ____________ that projects from each vertex

A

a single penton fiber

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21
Q

Which genus of Adenovirus has bifurcated penton fibers?

A

Genus Aviadenovirus

bird adenoviruses

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22
Q

_______________

causes Infectious Canine Hepatitis

aka Rubarth’s Disease

A

Canine Adenovirus 1

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23
Q

Infectious Canine Hepatitis (CAV-1) should be differentiated from

Canine __________

A

Distemper

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24
Q

**Ferrets **are resistant to _____ but susceptible to ______

so if you wanted to distinguish the 2, the ferret developing mucopurulent ocular discharge was exposed to ________

A

Ferrets are resistant to **Infectious Canine Hepatitis **but susceptible to Canine Distemper

Ferrets with mucopurulent ocular discharge were exposed to Canine Distemper

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25
*Infectious Canine Hepatitis (CAV-1) * can infect dogs and \_\_\_\_\_
_BEARS!!!_ rawrrrr
26
*Infectious Canine Hepatitis (CAV-1) * is found in \_\_\_\_\_ secretions
**_ALL_**
27
*Infectious Canine Hepatitis (CAV-1) * is shed in ______ for ## Footnote **6 - 9 months after acute infection**
_URINE_
28
T/F: Ectoparasites can habor *Infectious Canine Hepatitis (CAV-1) *
TRUE
29
The most common route of infection with *Infectious Canine Hepatitis (CAV-1) * is the __________ route
_oronasal_ route
30
What are the 3 sites of virus replication of *Infectious Canine Hepatitis (CAV-1) *?
**Macrophages** **Kuppfer Cells** **Hepatocytes** **C**an **I** **H**ave **1** **M**ichael **K**ors **H**andbag?
31
When tracing the pathogenesis of *Infectious Canine Hepatitis (CAV-1) *, Initially, the virus infects the tonsils then the cervical lymph nodes then the thoracic duct where it turns into a **viremia** and enters the blood. What are its **4 main targets** after viremia?
**Kidney** **Liver** **Lungs** **Spleen** *Infectious Canine Hepatitis (CAV-1) **K**i**LLS** its targets*
32
In regards to antibody titer levels against *Infectious Canine Hepatitis (CAV-1)* a level of **\>500** means what?
**\>500** means the animal has **sufficient virus titers** and will show **no clinical evidence of disease**
33
In regards to antibody titer levels against *Infectious Canine Hepatitis (CAV-1)* a titer level of **\>500 by day 7 post infection** means what?
**\>500 by day 7 post infection** means that the animal has **cleared the virus from blood and liver** **and restricted hepatic damage**
34
In regards to antibody titer levels against *Infectious Canine Hepatitis (CAV-1)* **persistently low antibody titers (\<4)** will lead to
**persistently low antibody titers (\<4)** will lead to **widespread hepatic necrosis**
35
In regards to antibody titer levels against *Infectious Canine Hepatitis (CAV-1)* **partial immunity titer (16 - 500)** may result in \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ & \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_
**partial immunity titer (16 - 500)** may result in **chronic active hepatitis** and **hepatic fibrosis**
36
\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ is common in **chronic cases **of *Infectious Canine Hepatitis (CAV-1)*
_Cirrhosis_ of the liver in chronic cases
37
In *Infectious Canine Hepatitis (CAV-1)* **acute infections **of the **kidney **cause \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_
**acute infections** of the **kidney ** cause *_Glomerulonephritis_*
38
*Infectious Canine Hepatitis (CAV-1)* can cause **chronic kidney lesions** that result from \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ reactions
_immune complex_ reactions
39
Occurring in about **20% **of *Infectious Canine Hepatitis (CAV-1)* natural infections, but less than **1%** of vaccinated dogs, this **ocular lesion of corneal edema** is often known as
**BLUE EYE**
40
During **viremia** *Infectious Canine Hepatitis (CAV-1)* enters the eye via the _______ tract
_uveal tract_
41
*Infectious Canine Hepatitis (CAV-1)* localizes in _______ endothelium and causes **mild uveitis**
**_choroid_** epithelium
42
By days **4 - 6 post infection**, *Infectious Canine Hepatitis (CAV-1)* enters the _______________ from the blood and *replicates in **corneal epithelial cells***
**_aqueous humor_** by day 4 - 6 post infection
43
In regards to **ocular lesions of corneal edema (Blue Eye)** caused by *CAV-1* what happens by **day 7 post infection**?
By day 7 post infection **Severe anterior uveitis** and **Corneal edema (Blue Eye)** develops!!!
44
Trace the ocular pathogenesis of days 1-7 post infection with ## Footnote *Infectious Canine Hepatitis (CAV-1)*
Viremia \> Uveal tract entry \> Localizes in choroid, uveitis \> entry into aqueous humor \> replication in corneal endothelial cells \> Severe anterior uveitis & Corneal Edema (Blue eye) develop
45
*CAV-1* antibody production increases and forms viral antibody ________ complexes This results in *complement activation* and *neutrophil chemotaxis* which causes extensive damage to __________ endothelium Disruption of intact endothelium allows _______ to enter the cornea Accumulation of *edematous fluid* within the ___________ results in *corneal edema*
CAV-1 antibody production increases and forms viral antibody **immune **complexes This results in complement activation and neutrophil chemotaxis which causes extensive damage to **corneal** endothelium Disruption of intact endothelium allows **aqueous humor** to enter the cornea Accumulation of edematous fluid within the** corneal stroma** results in corneal edema
46
In regards to ocular lesions and edema in *Infectious Canine Hepatitis (CAV-1)* what happens during days **8 - 21 post infection**?
Day **8 - 21 post infection** is when the ## Footnote * macrophages are removing immune complexes and the corneal endothelium * * is regenerating* * This reestablishes the **hydrostatic gradient** and * * clears the corneal edema*
47
T/F: **Disseminated intravascular coagulation** is a complication of *Infectious Canine Hepatitis (CAV-1)* that occurs because the diseased liver is unable to remove *activated clotting factors*
TRUE!
48
The prognosis of *Infectious Canine Hepatitis (CAV-1)* is WORSE if there is a concurrent infection with these 2 viruses
*Parvovirus *or *Distemper*
49
T/F: **Icterus** is a common symptom of acute *Infectious Canine Hepatitis (CAV-1)*
FALSE!! Icterus is UNCOMMON in *Infectious Canine Hepatitis (CAV-1)*
50
A dog comes into your clinic presenting with a fever of 105F. He is vomiting, and petechial hemorrhages are seen in his oral mucosa. He has enlarged tonsils, swollen lymph nodes, and some edema submandibularly. After putting him on an IV and reestablishing fluids, he seems to be getting better, but there is a cloudiness starting in his eyes. What is your diagnosis?
*Infectious Canine Hepatitis (CAV-1)*
51
Corneal Edema and Anterior Uveitis is a sign of \_\_\_\_\_\_ \_\_\_\_\_\_ in an animal infected with *Infectious Canine Hepatitis (CAV-1)*
_clinical_ _recovery_
52
**Encephalitis** is more common in this species when infected with *Infectious Canine Hepatitis (CAV-1)*
_FOXES!_
53
**"Paint Brush Hemorrhages"** on the gastric serosa, lymph nodes, thymus, pancreas, and subQ tissues is pathognomonic for
*Infectious Canine Hepatitis (CAV-1)*
54
From where do you **isolate the virus** ## Footnote *Infectious Canine Hepatitis (CAV-1)*
You isolate CAV-1 from the **urine**
55
There are two types of vaccines that have been used in treatment of *Infectious Canine Hepatitis (CAV-1)*. Both are attenuated live viruses, but one uses **CAV-1 **and the other uses **CAV-2** Which one is preferentially used because it will not produce corneal opacities or uveitis and will not cause the virus to be shed in the urine
**CAV-2 **attenuated virus vaccine
56
Canine Infectious Tracheobronchitis is also known as **Kennel Cough** and can be caused by 2 viruses. Which viruses can cause it?
**Canine Adenovirus 2** and **Bordatella bronchiseptica (primary)**
57
*Canine Infectious Tracheobronchitis (CAV-2)* Comes in two forms. One is **"uncomplicated"** and the other is **"complicated"** What clinical signs will you see in the **"uncomplicated"** form?
Uncomplicated *Canine Infectious Tracheobronchitis* (*CAV-2)* ## Footnote **harsh dry coughing followed by wretching and gagging** **Coughs that sound "high-pitched" or "honking"** **Rhinitis, nasal discharge, and maybe conjunctivitis**
58
**Complicated ***Canine Infectious Tracheobronchitis (CAV-2)* can cause severe \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ and is life threatening!
_pneumonia_
59
In a dog with *Canine Infectious Tracheobronchitis (CAV-2)* you can induce a cough by gently palpating the \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ or \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_
_larynx_ or _trachea_
60
What is the standard treatment for a dog with *Canine Infectious Tracheobronchitis (CAV-2)* aka **Kennel cough**?
Cough suppressants + bronchodilators
61
T/F: A live-attenuated virus is used to prevent *Canine Infectious Tracheobronchitis (CAV-2)*
TRUE!
62
**Equine Adenovirus** is caused by **EAV-1 **and **EAV-2**. Which one is associated with **SCID foals**?
**EAV-1** is associated with the severe respiratory disease in **SCID foals**
63
**SCID foals** are immunodeficient because there is a **mutation** in the **allele that encodes for a DNA-dependent protein kinase** that is needed for **lymphocyte _______ recombination**
**_V(D)J_** recombination is essential for expression of antigen receptors on B and T lymphocytes
64
What are **clinical signs **of *EAV-1* in **SCID foals**?
Severe bronchiolitis Pneumonia Respiratory distress Diffuse lung consolidation
65
*Equine Adenovirus 1* in **SCID foals** destroy the cells of which organs primarily?
Pancreas GI tract Kidney Bladder
66
Avian Adenoviruses can cause **EGG DROP SYNDROME** in which 2 species of bird?
**Chicken** **Turkey**
67
**Marble Spleen Disease** is pathognomonic for *Avian Adenovirus* in this species of bird
**Pheasants**

VIROLOGY Practice Questions (11 decks)

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