AERODROME DATA & PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS Flashcards by Adrielle Lagman

ICAO Annex 15

Aeronautical Information Services

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Arepresentation of aeronautical facts, concepts, or instrutions in a formalized manner suitable for commmunication, interpretation, or processing

Aeronautical Data

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

______________ refers to “all data necessary for the safety, regularity, and efficiency of air navigation and for the operation of an airspace system.“

Aeronautical data

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Aeronautical Data

This includes a wide range of information such as:

airport information

airspace structures

flight paths, navigation aids

weather information

NOTAMs (Notice to Airmen)

and other critical information that is required by pilots, air traffic controllers, and other aviation stakeholders to ensure safe and efficient flight operations.

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

_____________ is vital for flight planning and execution, and must be accurate, reliable, and up-to-date to ensure safe and efficient flight operations

Aeronautical data

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Aeronautical Data must be:

Determined and reported in accordance to the accuracy and Integrity classification.

Aerodrome Mapping data should be made available to the aeronautical information services

Digital data error detection techniques shall be used during the transmission and or storage of aeronautical data.

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

An ___________ shall be established for an aerodrome.

aerodrome reference point

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

The aerodrome reference point shall be located near the ________________ and
shall normally remain where first established.

initial or planned geometric centre of the aerodrome

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

The position of the aerodrome reference point shall be measured and reported to the aeronautical information
services authority in _________, _____________, and ____________

degrees, minutes and seconds (dms)

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

The ______________- is at the approximate geographic center of all usable runway surfaces and is the point from which official latitude and longitude coordinates are derived.

Airport Reference Point (ARP)

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

The ____________- marks the ARP’s exact location. When the ARP is on the runway centerline, an arrow points to its _____________.

center of the crosshairs, exact location

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

The aerodrome elevation and geoid undulation at the aerodrome elevation position shall be measured to the
accuracy of ______________ and reported to the aeronautical information services authority.

one-half metre or foot

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

For an aerodrome used by international civil aviation for _________________, the elevation and geoid undulation of each threshold, the elevation of the runway end and any significant high and low intermediate points along the runway shall be measured to the accuracy of one-half metre or foot and reported to the aeronautical information services
authority.

non-precision approaches

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

For _________________ , the elevation and geoid undulation of the threshold, the elevation of the runway
end and the highest elevation of the touchdown zone shall be measured to the accuracy of ________________ and reported to the aeronautical information services authority.

precision approach runway, one-quarter metre or foot

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

The equipotential surface in the gravity field of the Earth which coincides with the undisturbed mean sea level (MSL)
extended continuously through the continents.

Geoid.

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

The geoid is irregular in shape because of ____________________ (wind tides, salinity, current, etc.)
and the direction of gravity is ________________ at every point.

local gravitational disturbances, perpendicular to the geoid

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

The distance of the geoid above (positive) or below (negative) the mathematical reference ellipsoid.

Geoid undulation.

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

An aerodrome reference temperature shall be determined for an aerodrome in
_____________________.

degrees Celsius

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

The aerodrome reference temperature should be the monthly mean of the daily maximum temperatures for the _________________. This temperature should be averaged over a period of years.

hottest month of the year (the hottest month being that which has the highest monthly mean temperature).

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

The geographical coordinates of appropriate taxiway centre line points shall be measured and reported to the
aeronautical information services authority in _____________

degrees, minutes, seconds and hundredths of seconds.

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

The geographical coordinates of each aircraft stand shall be measured and reported to the aeronautical
information services authority in ______________–

degrees, minutes, seconds and hundredths of seconds.

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

The geographical coordinates of obstacles in Area 2 (the part within the aerodrome boundary) and in Area 3 shall be measured and reported to the aeronautical information services authority in ________________ In addition, the __________________ (if any) of obstacles shall be reported to the aeronautical information services authority.

degrees, minutes, seconds and tenths of seconds. , top elevation, type, marking and lighting

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

2.6.2 The bearing strength of a pavement intended for aircraft of apron (ramp) mass greater than 5 700 kg shall be made available using the aircraft classification rating-pavement classification rating (ACR-PCR) method by reporting all of the following information:

a) pavement classification rating (PCR) and numerical value;

b) pavement type for ACR-PCR determination;

c) subgrade strength category;

d) maximum allowable tire pressure category or maximum allowable tire pressure value; and

e) evaluation method.

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

The geographical coordinates of each threshold shall be measured and reported to the aeronautical information
services authority in ___________________

degrees, minutes, seconds and hundredths of seconds.

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

The bearing strength of a pavement intended for aircraft of apron (ramp) mass greater than 5 700 kg shall be made available using the aircraft classification number-pavement classification number (ACN-PCN) method by reporting all of the following information:

a) pavement classification number (PCN); b) pavement type for ACN-PCN determination; c) subgrade strength category; d) maximum allowable tire pressure category or maximum allowable tire pressure value; and e) evaluation method.

The PCN reported shall indicate that _________________ can operate on the pavement subject to any limitation on the tire pressure or aircraft all-up mass for specified aircraft type(s).

aircraft with an aircraft classification number (ACN) equal to or less than the reported PCN

The ACN of an aircraft shall be determined in accordance with the standard procedures associated with the _____________________---

ACN-PCN method.

The standard procedures for determining the ACN of an aircraft are given in the _________________

Aerodrome Design Manual (Doc 9157) Part 3.

For the purposes of determining the ACN, the behaviour of a pavement shall be classified as _____________________-

equivalent to a rigid or flexible construction.

In the context of pavement subgrade strength category as described in ICAO Annex 14, the letter “K" refers to the __________________ of the soil.

California Bearing Ratio (CBR)

_____________- is a measure of the strength of the subgrade soil.

CBR

The _______________-- indicates the soil's ability to resist penetration from a standard plunger under controlled conditions, and it is expressed as a percentage.

CBR value

The bearing strength of a pavement intended for aircraft of apron (ramp) mass equal to or less than 5 700 kg shall be made available by reporting the following information:

a) maximum allowable aircraft mass; and b) maximum allowable tire pressure. Example: 4 000 kg/0.50 MPa

Note.— Guidance on reporting and publishing of PCRs is contained in the _______________

Aerodrome Design Manual (Doc 9157, Part 3).

The PCR reported shall indicate that aircraft with an ______________ the reported PCR may operate on the pavement subject to any limitation on the tire pressure or aircraft all-up mass for specified aircraft type(s).

aircraft classification rating (ACR) equal to or less than

For the purposes of determining the ACR, the behaviour of a pavement shall be classified as ________________ construction.

equivalent to a rigid or flexible

In the context of pavement subgrade strength category, the letter "E" refers to the _____________-- of the subgrade soil.

Elastic Modulus

The _______________-- is a measure of the stiffness of the soil, and it represents the ability of the soil to deform elastically under load and to recover its original shape after the load is removed.

Elastic Modulus

ACN/PCN VS. ACR/PCR

ACN/PCN - BASED IN CBR - EMPIRICAL METHOD - EQUIVALENCIES TO SINGLE WHEELS - EQUIVALECIES TO A STANDARD MATERIAL ACR/PCR - BASED ON LEA - MECHANISTIC-EMPIRICAL METHOD - ALL WHEELS -SPECIFIC MATERIALS

ACN-PCN PROBLEMS

ACN/PCN is based in old calculation methods It does not take into account complex wheel distributions It does not take into account new materials It is not aligned with the new method for pavement design, LEA (Layered Element Analysis)

ACR-PCR ADVANTAGES

Removes the need of equivalency or alpha-factors Optimized usage of the pavements Consistent with modern pavement design methods Improved predictability of pavement life Unified soil characterization method for both flexible and rigid pavement Availability of generic PCR computation procedure

Locating a pre-flight altimeter check location on an apron enables an _________________- to be made prior to obtaining taxi clearance and eliminates the need for stopping for that purpose after leaving the apron.

altimeter check

Normally an entire apron can serve as a ___________________.

Satisfactory altimeter check location

The elevation of a pre-flight altimeter check location shall be given as the average elevation, rounded to the _______________, of the area on which it is located. The elevation of any portion of a pre-flight altimeter check location shall be within _______________ of the average elevation for that location.

nearest metre or foot, 3 m (10 ft)

Information on the condition of the movement area and the operational status of related facilities shall be provided to the appropriate aeronautical information services units, and similar information of operational significance to the air traffic services units, to enable those units to provide the necessary information to arriving and departing aircraft. The information shall be ________________

kept up to date and changes in conditions reported without delay.

The condition of the movement area and the operational status of related facilities shall be monitored, and reports on matters of operational significance affecting aircraft and aerodrome operations shall be provided in order to take appropriate action, particularly in respect of the following:

a) construction or maintenance work; b) rough or broken surfaces on a runway, a taxiway or an apron; c) water, snow, slush, ice, or frost on a runway, a taxiway or an apron; d) anti-icing or de-icing liquid chemicals or other contaminants on a runway, taxiway or apron; e) snow banks or drifts adjacent to a runway, a taxiway or an apron; f) other temporary hazards, including parked aircraft; g) failure or irregular operation of part or all of the aerodrome visual aids; and h) failure of the normal or secondary power supply.

To facilitate compliance with 2.9.1 and 2.9.2, the following inspections shall be carried out each day:

a) for the movement area, at least once where the aerodrome reference code number is 1 or 2 and at least twice where the aerodrome reference code number is 3 or 4; and b) for the runway(s), inspections in addition to a) whenever the runway surface conditions may have changed significantly due to meteorological conditions.

Personnel assessing and reporting runway surface conditions required in 2.9.2 and 2.9.5 shall be ______________

trained and competent to perform their duties.

contains clarifications on the scope of a significant change in the runway surface conditions.

The PANS-Aerodromes (Doc 9981)

Procedures on carrying out daily inspections of the movement area are given in the ____________________

PANS-Aerodromes (Doc 9981).

The __________________contains procedures on the use of the runway condition report and assignment of the RWYCC in accordance with the runway condition assessment matrix (RCAM).

PANS-Aerodromes (Doc 9981)

The runway surface condition shall be assessed and reported through a runway condition code (RWYCC) and a description using the following terms:

COMPACTED SNOW DRY DRY SNOW DRY SNOW ON TOP OF COMPACTED SNOW DRY SNOW ON TOP OF ICE FROST ICE SLUSH STANDING WATER WATER ON TOP OF COMPACTED SNOW WET WET ICE WET SNOW WET SNOW ON TOP OF COMPACTED SNOW WET SNOW ON TOP OF ICE CHEMICALLY TREATED LOOSE SAND

Snow that has been compacted into a solid mass such that aeroplane tires, at operating pressures and loadings, will run on the surface without significant further compaction or rutting of the surface.

Compacted snow.

Snow from which a snowball cannot readily be made.

Dry snow.

consists of ice crystals formed from airborne moisture on a surface whose temperature is below freezing. ___________ differs from ice in that the frost crystals grow independently and therefore have a more granular texture.

Frost

Water that has frozen or compacted snow that has transitioned into __________-, in cold and dry conditions.

Ice.

Snow that is so water-saturated that water will drain from it when a handful is picked up or will splatter if stepped on forcefully.

Slush.

Water of depth greater than 3 mm.

Standing water

Ice with water on top of it or ice that is melting.

Wet ice.

Snow that contains enough water content to be able to make a well-compacted, solid snowball, but water will not squeeze out.

Wet snow.

When friction measurements are used as part of the overall runway surface assessment on compacted snow- or ice-covered surfaces, the friction measuring device shall _______________

meet the standard set or agreed by the State.

Friction measurements made on runway surface conditions with contaminants other than compacted snow and ice should _______________-

not be reported.

Friction measurements on loose contaminants such as snow and slush, in particular, are ____________- due to drag effects on the measurement wheel.

unreliable

Information that a runway or portion thereof is slippery wet shall be __________

made available.

The ________________- of the office of the aerodrome coordinator of operations for the removal of an aircraft disabled on or adjacent to the movement area should be made available, on request, to aircraft operators.

telephone/telex number(s)

Information concerning the _____________ on or adjacent to the movement area should be made available.

capability to remove an aircraft disabled

The capability to remove a disabled aircraft may be expressed in terms of the _________________which the aerodrome is equipped to remove.

largest type of aircraft

Changes in the level of protection normally available at an aerodrome for rescue and firefighting shall be notified to the appropriate _________________ to enable those units to provide the necessary information to arriving and departing aircraft. When such a change has been corrected, the above units shall be advised accordingly.

air traffic services units and aeronautical information services units

Changes in _____________ from that normally available at the aerodrome could result from a change in the availability of extinguishing agents, equipment to deliver the agents or personnel to operate the equipment, etc.

the level of protection