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CNS Anatomy > Anatomy 18 > Flashcards

Anatomy 18 Flashcards

1
Q

What is the 3rd ventricle?

A

A narrow slit like cleft between the 2 halves of the diencephalon

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2
Q

What is the roof of the 3rd ventricle?

A

1) Thin layer of ependyma
stretched between lateral walls containing choroid plexus.
2) More superiorly, fornix, septum pellucidum and corpus callosum

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3
Q

What is the anterior wall of the 3rd ventricle?

A

1) Columns of fornix
2) Anterior commissure
3) Lamina terminalis

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4
Q

What is the floor of the 3rd ventricle?

A

1) Hypothalamus:
a) Optic chiasma
b) Tuber cinereum
c) Mammillary body
2) Tegmentum of midbrain

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5
Q

What is the posterior wall of the 3rd ventricle?

A

1) Pineal body
2) Posterior commissure
3) Aqueduct of sylvius

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6
Q

What is the lateral wall of the 3rd ventricle?

A

1) Thalamus

2) Hypothalamus

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7
Q

The 3rd ventricle is connected with the lateral ventricle through __ and with the 4th ventricle through __.

A

Interventricular foramen; cerebral aqueduct

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8
Q

What are the recesses of the 3rd ventricle?

A

1) Optic
2) Infundibular
3) Suprapineal
4) Pineal (within the stalk)

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9
Q

What is the choroid plexus of the 3rd ventricle formed of?

A

Tela choroidea above the roof of the ventricle

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10
Q

Vascular tela choroidea projects __, invaginating the:

A

Downward on each side of the midline; ependymal roof of the ventricle.

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11
Q

The blood supply of the choroid plexus of third ventricle is derived from the:

A

Choroidal branch of posterior cerebral artery

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12
Q

What is the 4th ventricle?

A

A diamond shaped cavity of the hindbrain

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13
Q

Where does the 4th ventricle lie?

A

Behind the pons and open medulla and in front of the cerebellum

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14
Q

The 4th ventricle’s superior angle is continuous with __, while its inferior angle is continuous with __.

A

The cerebral aqueduct of midbrain; the central canal of closed medulla (at the obex).

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15
Q

The 4th ventricle has _ lateral recesses. What is their pathway?

A

2; they curve around the inferior cerebellar peduncle and open by lateral apertures in the subarachnoid space at the flocculus

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16
Q

The roof of the 4th ventricle is _ shaped and is formed of:

A

Tent;

1) The superior cerebellar peduncles (SCPs)
2) The superior medullary velum (SMV) stretching between the 2 SCPs
3) The inferior medullary velum (IMV) which has a median aperture (of Magendie) connecting the 4th ventricle to the subarachnoid space.

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17
Q

The choroid plexus of the 4th ventricle is _ shaped and formed of:

A

T; highly vascular tela choroidea

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18
Q

The choroid plexus of the 4th ventricle is suspended from:

A

The inferior half of the roof

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19
Q

What is the blood supply of the choroid plexus of the 4th ventricle?

A

Posterior inferior cerebellar arteries (vertebral arteries)

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20
Q

What are the subarachnoid cisternaes?

A

1) Cerebello-medullary cisterna (Cisterna magna)
2) Pontine (ponto-medullary) cisterna
3) Interpeduncular cistern
4) Cistern of lateral fissure
5) Callosal cistern
6) Chiasmatic cistern

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21
Q

Where is the Cerebello-medullary cisterna (Cisterna magna) found?

A

Between the cerebellum and the roof of 4th ventricle

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22
Q

Where is the Pontine (ponto-medullary) cisterna found?

A

In front of pons and medulla

23
Q

Where is the Interpeduncular cistern found?

A

Over interpeduncular fossa

24
Q

Where is the Callosal cistern found?

A

Above corpus callosum

25
Q

Where is the Chiasmatic cistern found?

A

Around optic chiasma

26
Q

What does the Cerebello-medullary cisterna

(Cisterna magna) receive?

A

Foramen of magendie

27
Q

What does the Pontine (ponto-medullary) cisterna receive?

A

Foramens of luchka

28
Q

What does the Pontine (ponto-medullary) cisterna contain?

A

Basilar and vertebral arteries

29
Q

What traverses the Pontine (ponto-medullary) cisterna?

A

Roots of lower 8 cranial

nerves

30
Q

What does the Interpeduncular cistern contain?

A

Circle of willis

31
Q

What traverses the Interpeduncular cistern?

A

Roots of 3rd and 4th cranial nerves

32
Q

What does the Cistern of lateral fissure contain?

A

The middle cerebral vessels

33
Q

What does the Callosal cistern contain?

A

Anterior cerebral vessels

34
Q

What is the CSF?

A

The fluid filling the ventricles and central canals of the CNS
and subarachnoid spaces around the brain and spinal cord.

35
Q

What secretes the CSF?

A

The choroid plexuses in
the medial wall of the lateral ventricles and the roof of the
3rd & 4th ventricles

36
Q

What is the pathway of the CSF?

A

It leaves the lateral ventricle through interventricular foramen to the 3rd ventricle then to the 4th ventricle through cerebral aqueduct of midbrain & leaves the 4th ventricle through its 3 apertures to the subarachnoid space forming a water cushion to protect
the brain & spinal cord.

37
Q

Where does the CSF circulate?

A

In the ventricles and central

canals of the CNS

38
Q

What absorbs the CSF?

A

Arachnoid villi and granulations to be excreted into the dural venous sinuses.

39
Q

What is a lumbar puncture?

A

Procedure by which CSF is taken out from the subarachnoid space.

40
Q

How is a lumbar puncture done?

A

CSF is drawn by introducing a needle between L3 and L4

because the spinal cord terminates at lower border of L1 and the subarachnoid space is wider

41
Q

What is the purpose of a lumbar puncture?

A

1) For diagnostic purposes
2) Spinal anesthesia
3) To measure CSF pressure

42
Q

What is hydrocephalus?

A

Accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) within the brain.

43
Q

Optic nerves are surrounded by:

A

1) Pia mater
2) Arachnoid mater
3) Dura mater

44
Q

Where does the subarachnoid extend in relation to the eye?

A

Around the optic nerve to the back of eyeball

45
Q

What happens if the CSF pressure increases?

A

Retinal vein compression

46
Q

What are the symptoms of retinal vein compression?

A

1) Congestion of the retinal vein and bulging of the optic disc
2) Optic atrophy and blindness

47
Q

What is the blood brain barrier?

A

Barrier present between the brain and the blood

48
Q

What do the capillaries of the brain consist of?

A

Endothelial lining which have tight junctions which close the pores in the
blood vessels

49
Q

__ completely cover
the capillaries and make it
__(less/more) porous

A

Astrocytes; less

50
Q

True or false:

The blood vessels of the brain have a thin basement membrane.

A

False; they have a thick basement membrane

51
Q

Where does the BBB exist?

A 
In all parts of the brain
except:
1) Hypothalamus
2) Pineal gland 
3) Area posterema
52
Q

What is the blood CSF barrier?

A

Barrier between the blood and CSF

53
Q

Where does the blood CSF barrier exist?

A

At the choroid plexus

whose function is similar to blood brain barrier (Doesn’t allow the entry of substances into the CSF from the blood).

CNS Anatomy (19 decks)

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