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Flashcards in Anatomy Deck (33)
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1
Q

Direct inguinal hernia

A

Protrudes through abdominal wall through Hasselbach’s triangle, medial to inferior epigastric vessels, through superficial ring. More common in older men.

2
Q

Indirect inguinal hernia

A

Protrudes through abdominal wall lateral to inferior epigastric vessels (lateral to triangle) and goes through both superficial and deep rings and into the scrotum. Occurs due to failure of the processus vaginalis to close.

3
Q

Inguinal triangle

A

Made up of rectus abdominus medially, inguinal ligament inferolaterally, and inferior epigastric vessels superolaterally

4
Q

Functions of musculocutaneous nerve

A

Innervates biceps. Sensation to lateral forearm.

5
Q

Innervation for erection

A

Parasympathetics of S2-S4, which also innervates anal and penile sensation.

6
Q

Orther syndrome

A

Compression of right recurrent laryngeal nerve by enlarged left atrium.

7
Q

Relationship between internal jugular vein and common carotid artery

A

IJV lateral to common carotid

8
Q

Cause of congenital diaphragmatic hernia

A

Failure of pleuroperitoneal canal to close completely

9
Q

Right dominant circulation

A

RCA gives off posterior descending artery

10
Q

Nerve damaged in fracture of surgical neck of humerus

A

Axillary nerve

11
Q

Blood supply to pancreas

A

Branches of SMA and gastroduodenal artery

12
Q

Layers of epidermis (bottom to top with function)

A

Stratum basalis: generates keratinocytes, rapidly divides, where melanocytes live
Stratum spinosum: desmosomes, langerhans immune cells
Stratum granulosum: keratohyalin granules, releases lamellar bodies to form the waterproof lipid layer of skin
Stratum lucidum: clear layer of dead keratinocytes without nuclei
Stratum corneum: layers of flat dead keratinocytes that slough

13
Q

Nerves associated with cribriform plate

A

CNI

14
Q

Nerve and vessel associated with optic canal

A

CNII, opthalmic artery

15
Q

Nerves and vessels associated with superior orbital fissure

A

CNIII, IV, V1, VI, superior opthalmic veins

16
Q

Nerve associated with foramen rotundum

A

V2

17
Q

Nerve associated with foramen ovale

A

V3

18
Q

Vessels associated with foramen spinosum

A

Middle meningeal artery and vein

19
Q

Nerves associated with internal auditory meatus

A

VII and VIII

20
Q

Nerves associated with jugular foramen

A

IX, X, XI

21
Q

Nervs associated with hypoglossal canal

A

XII

22
Q

Nerves associated with foramen magnum

A

Vertebral artery

23
Q

Nerves associated with stylomastoid foramen

A

VII

24
Q

Cardinal ligaments

A

At base of broad ligaments. Contain uterine arteries and veins.

25
Q

Meissner’s vs pacini corpuscles

A

Meissners: light touch
Pacini: vibration, course touch, pressure

26
Q

Right lymphatic duct

A

Drains right chest, back, arm, neck, head. Empties into angle between internal jugular and subclavian veins.

27
Q

Neurofibromatosis type 2

A

Classically presents with bilateral acoustic neuromas. Optic gliomas and juvenile cataracts also classic findings. Caused by mutation of tumor suppressor gene merlin on chromosome 22.

28
Q

Neurologic findings of vitamin B12 deficiency

A

Degeneration of neurons and myelin in dorsal columns, lateral corticospinal tract, and spinocerebellar tracts lead to dementia-like symptoms and ataxia

29
Q

Result of straddle injury

A

Can cause rupture of urethra below urogenital diaphragm. Causes urine to flow into scrotum and perineal region.

30
Q

Yolk sac tumor of testis

A

Peak incidence in infancy and early childhood. Elevated alpha fetoprotein. Lump in testicle + pain.

31
Q

Suspensory ligament of ovary

A

Contain ovarian arteries and viens

32
Q

Tensor typmpani

A

Muscle that pulls tympanic membrane medially, increasing tension on it. Innervated by V3.

33
Q

Anatomy of bronchopulmonary segments

A

Supplied by tertiary bronchus, bronchial artery, and pulmonary partery which run together in center of segments. Veins and lymphatics drain together along edges of segments.