Flashcards in Drugs - Immunology Deck (29):
1
cyclosporine
MOA: immunosuppressant; calcineurin inhibitor that prevents IL-2 transcription and T cell activation
Use: used to prevent transplant rejection and to treat rheumatoid arthritis
Adverse effects: causes nephrotoxicity, neurotoxicity, HTN
2
tacrolimus
MOA: immunosuppressant; calcineurin inhibitor; blocks T cell activation by preventing IL-2 transcription
Use: used to prevent transplant rejection
Adverse effects: nephrotoxic and neurotoxic, increases risk of diabetes
3
siroliumus
MOA: immunosuppressant; mTOR inhibitor; blocks T and B cell differentiation by preventing response to IL-2
Use: used in kidney transplant to prevent rejection because not nephrotoxic
Adverse effects: anemia, thrombocytopenia, leukopenia
4
daclizumab and basiliximab
MOA: immunosuppressants; monoclonals against IL-2
Use: kidney transplant rejection prevention
Adverse effects: edema, HTN, tremor
5
azathioprine
MOA: immunosuppressant; inhibits lymphocyte proliferation by blocking nucleotide synthesis
Use: prevent transplant rejection; rheumatoid arthritis, Crohn disease, glomerulonephritis
Adverse effects: leukopenia, anemia, thrombocytopenia; toxicity is increased by allopurinol
6
glucocorticoids
MOA: inhibit NF-kappaB; suppresses B and T cell function by decreasing cytokine transcription
Use: prevent transplant rejection; autoimmune disorders; inflammation
Adverse effects: hyperglycemia; osteoporosis; central obesity; muscle breakdown; psychosis; acne; hypertension; cataracts; avascular necrosis, iatrogenic Cushing's syndrome
7
Aldesleukin
MOA: recombinant IL-2
Use: renal cell carcinoma, metastatic melanoma
8
Epoetin alfa
MOA: recombinant EPO
Use: anemia, especially in setting of renal failure
9
Filgrastim
MOA: G-CSF
Use: recovery of bone marrow
10
Sargramostim
MOA: GM-CSF
Use: recovery of bone marrow
11
IFN-alpha
MOA: recombinant cytokine
Use: chronic hepatits B and C, Kaposi sarcoma, malignant melanoma
12
IFN-beta
MOA: recombinant cytokine; reduces inflammation by stimulating suppressor T cells and thus decreasing cytokines
Use: multiple sclerosis
13
IFN-gamma
MOA: recombinant cytokine
Use: chronic granulomatous disease
14
romipostim and eltrombopag
MOA: recombinant cytokines
Use: thrombocytopenia
15
oprelvekin
MOA: recombinant IL-11
Use: thrombocytopenia
16
alemtuzumab
MOA: targets CD52
Use: CLL
17
bevacizumab
MOA: targets VEGF
Use: colorectal cancer, renal cell carcinoma
18
cetuximab
MOA: targets EGFR
Use: stage IV colorectal cancer, head and neck cancer
19
rituximab
MOA: targets CD20
Use: B cell non-hodgkin lymphoma, CLL, rheumatoid arthritis, ITP
20
trastuzumab
MOA: targets HER2/neu
Use: breast cancer
21
Adalimumab and infliximab
MOA: targets soluble TNF-alpha
Use: IBD, rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, psoriasis
22
Eculizumab
MOA: targets complement protein C5
Use: paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria
23
Natalizumab
MOA: targets alpha4-integrin which is involved in WBC adhesion
Use: MS, Crohn disease
Adverse effects: risk of PML in patients with the JC virus
24
Abciximab
MOA: targets platelet glycoproteins IIb/IIIa
Use: antiplatelet agent use to prevent ischemic complications in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention
25
Denosumab
MOA: targets RANKL, inhibiting osteoclast maturation
Use: osteoporosis
26
Digoxin immune Fab
MOA: targets digoxin
Use: antidote for digoxin toxicity
27
Omalizumab
MOA: targets IgE and prevents it from binding to Fc
Use: allergic asthma
28
Palivizumab
MOA: targets RSV F protein
Use: RSV prophylaxis for high risk infants
29