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MSK lectures > Anatomy of the upper limb 10/10/18 > Flashcards

Anatomy of the upper limb 10/10/18 Flashcards

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1
Q

What type of joints are the finger joints?

A

Hinge

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2
Q

What type of joint is the 1st MCP joint?

A

Saddle Joint

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3
Q

What 2 muscles are innervated by the spinal accessory nerve?

A

Trapezius

Sternocleidomastoid

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4
Q

What nerve innervates the Rhomboid minor and major?

A

Dorsal scapula nerve

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5
Q

What nerve supplies the serratus anterior muscle?

A

Long thoracic nerve

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6
Q

What nerve supplies the levator scapulae?

A

Dorsal scapula nerve

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7
Q

What is the function of the rotator cuff?

A

Keeps the humoural head in the glenoid fossa

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8
Q

What are the 4 rotator cuff muscles?

A

Supraspinatus
Infraspinatus
Teres minor
Subscapularis

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9
Q

What three rotator cuff muscles attach to the greater tuberosity?

A

Supraspinatus
Infraspinatus
Teres minor

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10
Q

Which rotator cuff muscle attaches to the lesser tuberosity?

A

Subscapularis

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11
Q

What muscle is responsible for the first 15 degrees of abduction?

A

Supraspinatus

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12
Q

Which rotator cuff is most likely to tear?

A

Supraspinatus

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13
Q

How much of the humeral head is present in the glenoid fossa at any time?

A

1/3rd

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14
Q

How many compartments in the arm?

A

2
Anterior
Posterior

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15
Q

What are the three muscles in the anterior compartment of the arm?

A

Biceps brachii
Brachialis
Coracobrachialis

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16
Q

What innervates the anterior compartment of the arm?

A

Musculocutaneous nerve

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17
Q

What is in the posterior compartment of the arm?

A

Triceps brachii

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18
Q

What innervates the posterior compartment of the arm?

A

Radial nerve

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19
Q

How many layers of the anterior compartment of the forearm?

A

3

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20
Q

What is in the superficial layer of the anterior compartment of the forearm?

A

Pronator teres
Flexor carpi radialis
Palmaris longus
Flexor carpi ulnaris

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21
Q

What muscle is in the intermediate layer in the anterior compartment of the arm?

A

Flexor digitorum superficialis

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22
Q

What is in the deep layer of the anterior compartment of the forearm?

A

Flexor pollicis longus
Flexor digitorum profundus
Pronator quadratus

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23
Q

What supplies the anterior compartment of the forearm?

A

Median nerve

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24
Q

What supplies flexor carpi ulnaris and flexor digitorum superficialis?

A

Ulnar nerve

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25
How many layers are in the posterior compartment of the forearm?
2 superficial Deep
26
What muscles are in the superficial posterior compartment of the forearm?
``` Brachioradialis Extensor carpi radialis longus Extensor carpi radialis brevis Anconeus Extensor digitorum Extensor carpi ulnaris Extensor digiti minimi ```
27
What muscles are in the deep posterior compartment of the forearm?
Supinator Abductor pollicis longus Extensor pollicis longus Extensor indicis
28
What innervates the posterior compartment of the forearm?
Radial nerve
29
What is in the thenar eminence of the hand?
Abductor pollicis brevis Flexor pollicis brevis Opponenes pollicis
30
What innervates the thenar eminence?
Recurrent branch of the median nerve
31
What is in the hypothenar eminence?
Abductor digiti minimi Flexor digiti minimi brevis Opponens digiti minimi
32
What innervates the hypothenar eminence?
Deep branch of ulnar nerve
33
How many lumbricals are there?
4
34
How many types of interossei are there?
2 DAB PAD
35
What is responsible for most of the hand movements?
Ulnar nerve
36
Where does the brachial plexus originate from?
C5-T1
37
What does the brachial plexus supply?
The whole forearm
38
How does the brachial plexus travel?
Through axilla to the medial arm | Travels around the brachial artery
39
From proximal to distal what are the components of the brachial plexus?
``` Roots Trunks Divisions Cords Nerves ```
40
What nerves does the brachial plexus become?
``` Musculo-cutaneous Axillary Radial Median Ulnar ```
41
What is the carpal tunnel formed by?
Flexor retinaculum | Carapal
42
What are the contents of the carpal tunnel?
Flexor digitorum superficialis x4 Flexor digitorum profundus x4 Flexor pollicis longus Median nerve
43
What is carpal tunnel syndrome and what causes it?
Compression of the median nerve Weakness of the thenar muscles Numbness in digits 1-3 and half of digit 4
44
If it is carpal tunnel syndrome where will a patch of sensation be present?
Small patch in the lower centre of palm
45
Where do the arteries of the arm anastamose?
Elbow Scapular anastomosis Superficial and deep palmar arch
46
What arteries are dominant in the superficial and deep palmar arches?
Superficial - Ulnar | Deep - Radial
47
What arteries anastamose in the scapular anastamosis?
Suprascapular artery Doral scapular artery Circumflex scapular artery
48
What are the joints of the upper limb?
``` Sternoclavicular joint Acromoclavicular joint Glenohumeral joint Elbow joint - Humeroulnar joint, radiohumeral joint Proximal radioulnar joint Distal radiounlar joint Radiocarpal joint ```
49
What kind of joint is the Acromoclavicular joint?
Plane joint
50
What kind of joint is the Glemohumeral joint?
Ball and socket
51
What kind of joint is the Sternoclavicular joint?
Saddle
52
What kind of joint is the elbow joint?
Hinge
53
What kind of joint are the Proximal and distal radioulnar joint?
Pivot
54
What kind of joint is the Radiocarpal joint?
Ellipsoid
55
Does the radius or ulnar cross over during pronation?
Radius
56
What are the axioappendicular muscles?
``` Trapezius Serratus anterior Rhomboid minor and major Subclavius Latissimus dorsi Levator scapulae ```
57
What muscles are in the scapulae region?
Levator scapulae | Rotator cuff
58
What is the function of the anterior compartment of the arm?
Felxion of arm and forearm | Supinates forearm
59
What is the function of the posterior compartment of the arm?
Extension of arm and forearm
60
What is the action of the anterior compartment of the forearm?
Flexion of wrist and digits Pronation Abduction and adduction of wrists
61
What is the function of the posterior compartment of the forearm?
Extension of the wrist and digits Supination Abduction Adduction
62
Which eminence is affected by carpal tunnel syndrome?
Thenar eminence
63
What is the function of the dorsal interossei?
Abduction of digits
64
What is the function of the palmar interossei?
Adduction of digits

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