Ancient Rome Test

Question 1

The Romans came from who

Answer 1

The Latins, Estruscans, and Sabines

Question 2

Where did the latins settle

Answer 2

On “seven hills” near the Tiber River called Latium

Question 3

Estruscans were what

Answer 3

Indo-European and produced powerful kings

Question 4

Romans overthrew who

Answer 4

Estruscans

Question 5

What was Rome originally called

Answer 5

Hespersia, and it means “land of the evening sun”

Question 6

What did Virgil right about who

Answer 6

The Aeneid, it was about Aeneas, he wanders before sett,isn’t in Italy

Question 7

Who was Romulus and Remus

Answer 7

They were the son of Rhea and Mars, Rhea sent them down the Tiber River in a basket, they were nursed by a she-wolf, raised by a shepherd, and Romulus killed Remus and became the first king

Question 8

What were the 3 forms of government

Answer 8

Monarchy to a republic to a empire

Question 9

What were the 2 social classes

Answer 9

Plebeians and patricians, they all were considered citizens, they all could vote, buy land, and they all had rights

Question 10

What were Patricians

Answer 10

Wealthy aristocratic nobles

Question 11

What were Plebians

Answer 11

Everyone else

Question 12

The Republic was what

Answer 12

The citizens chose their leaders based on laws

Question 13

What were the governing bodies

Answer 13

The senate, the the consuls, the tribal assembly

Question 14

What was the Senate

Answer 14

It was 300 male senators who represented the Patricians, who made all the laws and had the most power

Question 15

What was the Consuls

Answer 15

The Consuls were co-rulers, chosen by the assembly, one was in charge of the military and one ruled at home

Question 16

What was the Tribal Assembly

Answer 16

They were elected by and represented the plebians, called Tribunes, they had the power to choose the Consuls and to veto their actions

Question 17

In time of war/emergency what did the dictators do

Answer 17

They took over and ruled

Question 18

What is Roman Law

Answer 18

It’s written on 12 table, law code, applies to all equally, rule of the law, everyone is subject to the law, it was placed in the Forum for all to see

Question 19

The Roman system of law became what

Answer 19

Standard for the USA and Western Europe

Question 20

What is SPQR

Answer 20

The official emblem of Rome, it means the Roman Senate and People

Question 21

The Romans had the same ____ as the Greeks but changed the names of ____

Answer 21

They had the same religion as Greek myth, but they changed they had different names for the gods

Question 22

What did the romans copy from the Greeks

Answer 22

Art and philosophy

Question 23

Who is Jupiter

Answer 23

The romans version of Zeus

Question 24

Who is Mars

Answer 24

The god of war

Question 25

Who is Roma

Answer 25

The patron god of Rome

Question 26

What were the religious officials

Answer 26

The Pontifex Maximus and the Vestal Virgins

Question 27

Who was the Pontifex Maximus

Answer 27

The high priest & Consul

Question 28

Who were the Vestal Virgins

Answer 28

Protectors of Rome, 6 priestesses of Vesta, keepers of the eternal flame, all under 14?

Question 29

What did Rome believe would happen if the Eternal Flame went out

Answer 29

Rome would fall

Question 30

What is the Paterfamilias

Answer 30

The dad was the head of the family, the family was close knit and was extended, they lived in Villas is they were Patricians

Question 31

Where did Plebians live

Answer 31

In crowded apartment complexes

Question 32

Rome was ____ by ____

Answer 32

Rome was burned and sacked by the Gauls

Question 33

What were the results of the Gauls invasion

Answer 33

Rome created the finest army in the ancient world and set out to conquer neighbors

Question 34

Rome conquered what

Answer 34

The Italian peninsula

Question 35

What were the romans goals

Answer 35

To civilize the world

Question 36

Rome’s military success came from what

Answer 36

Their army, one army was meant to protect the city, emperor and senate and one was meant to protect the empire and republic

Question 37

Who were the Praetorian Guards

Answer 37

They dressed in all black, they were the elite of the army that protected the city

Question 38

Who were the Legionaries

Answer 38

They wore red, they had shields, spears and short swords, they protected the empire

Question 39

During the republic what was tha army made of

Answer 39

Plebians volunteers

Question 40

During the empire the army was made of what

Answer 40

It was the “professional army” that was made of conquered lands men

Question 41

The Roman army was made up of what

Answer 41

Legions of around 5k men and Centurions who were Roman Officers

Question 42

Rome’s army was what

Answer 42

The largest and most feared army, they were brutal and killed entire population if you resisted when conquered

Question 43

Once conquered the territories had to do what

Answer 43

Pay taxes and supply soldiers, in return they were given partial citizenship

Question 44

Roman settlements were what

Answer 44

Colonia, they were built to defend Rome and later turned into cities and towns

Question 45

The Romans built roads for what purposes

Answer 45

To connect the Colonia to Rome and to move the army

Question 46

How many miles of roads did they build

Answer 46

Over 50k miles

Question 47

What’s the saying about the Roman roads

Answer 47

“All roads lead to Rome”

Question 48

Carthage was what

Answer 48

The jewel of the Mediterranean, Rome’s biggest enemy, wealthy trading empire, Carthage and Rome competed for trade routes along Med

Question 49

Punic Wars were what

Answer 49

( Phoenician ) Rome vs Carthage, Rome had land power, and Carthage had naval power

Question 50

The first war, what happened?

Answer 50

It lasted 20 yrs, Rome wins by capturing a Carthage ship and copying it, boarding bridges, they gain island of Sicily

Question 51

The second war, what happened

Answer 51

17 yrs, Hannibal attacks ( wants revenge for dad ), creates havoc for 15 yrs, uses elephants for Calvary, called “scourage of war”

Question 52

Soipio does what

Answer 52

Attacks Carthage with Rome in battle of Zama, Rome wins by blasting trumpets to confuse elephants, Rome gets Spain

Question 53

The third war, what happens?

Answer 53

Lasted 3 yrs, siege of Carthage, revenge

Question 54

What was the result of the wars

Answer 54

Rome conquers Mediterranean region, Mediterranean Sea becomes Mare Nostrum ( our sea )

Question 55

Rome’s conquest causes what kind of problems

Answer 55

Too much cheap grain ( tribute ), puts Roman farmers out of business, too many slaves ( 45% of pop. ), no one could get jobs, unemployment becomes huge issue

Question 56

The urban poor does what

Answer 56

Pours into Rome to get jobs, they are angry, unemployed, and hungry

Question 57

Rome does what to satisfy them?

Answer 57

Gives them free bread and circuses= food and “blood sports”, this was their “solution”

Question 58

The gap between the rich and poor does what

Answer 58

Gets wider and wider

Question 59

Who leads a big revolt

Answer 59

Spartacus, has army of over 90k slaves

Question 60

Revolt was crushed by who and what was their punishment

Answer 60

They were crushed by legions and crucified

Question 61

Most land owned by who

Answer 61

Patricians

Question 62

Small farmers continue to what

Answer 62

Go out of business

Question 63

Who was Tiberius and Gauis Gracchus

Answer 63

They were 2 brothers who helped the poor, they wanted a land reform where no one could own more than 500 acres and to divide the rest among the poor, they were murdered

Question 64

Civil wars what

Answer 64

Break out, Rome is thrown into mass chaos and military leaders come to power

Question 65

Who was Marius

Answer 65

The first general to create a personal army who was loyal to him, he got army from the Urban poor

Question 66

Who was Sulla

Answer 66

The first person who came to power using a personal army