Ancient Rome Test

Question 1

Who was Julius Caesar

Answer 1

A young rising military star, he held campaigns in gAul/Britannia unmatched he was a hero to the lower class

Question 2

What was the 1st Triumvirate

Answer 2

It was the rule of 3, Crassus ( put down Spartacus’ revolt ), Pompey, Julius Caesar

Question 3

Caesar crossed the ____ which violated the code of what

Answer 3

He crossed the Rubicon, violating the law of not bringing armies into Rome

Question 4

A civil war breaks out between who and what happens

Answer 4

A war between Caesar and Pompey, Caesar gets Egypt and they win, Caesar has Caesarian with a Leo

Question 5

Caesar proclaims himself as ___ so what happens

Answer 5

He proclaims himself Dictator for life, he’s killed by 60 senators led by Brutus on March 15, Ides of March

Question 6

The 2nd Triumvirate appears with who

Answer 6

Octavian ( adopted son of Caesar ), Marc Antony, Lepidus

Question 7

What happens to Marc

Answer 7

Marc falls in love with Cleopatra and an alliance begins, Octavian gets Senate to believe Marc is a traitor, Octavian wins battle of Actium

Question 8

How does Marc Antony die

Answer 8

He falls on his sword

Question 9

What does Octavian do

Answer 9

He ends the civil wars, and ends Roman Republic

Question 10

Octavian becomes what

Answer 10

He changes his name to Caesar Augustus ( exalted one ) and becomes 1st emperor of Rome

Question 11

What did Augustus say

Answer 11

“I found Rome a city of clay but left it a city of marble”

Question 12

During the golden age of Rome how many people are in the city

Answer 12

1mil

Question 13

What is the Pax Romana

Answer 13

It means Roman peace, it was started by Augustus and lasted 20 years, longest peace period in Western European history

Question 14

Who are the Julian Emperors

Answer 14

4 emperors related to Julius

Tiberius, Caligula, Claudius, Nero( insane, killed own mom and 1st wife )

Question 15

Who are the 5 good emperors

Answer 15

Nerva
Trajan, empire reaches peak
Hadrian, built walls in Britannia
Antoninus Pius ( peaceful )
Marcus Aurelius ( killed by son )

Question 16

Who was Marcus Aurelius’ son

Answer 16

Commodus ( the mad emperor ), Rome’s most decadent/evil emperor, empire declines under him

Question 17

What happens during the next 73 years

Answer 17

Rome had 23 emperors, 20 of which were murdered

Question 18

Pompeii was what

Answer 18

A resort for the rich, and buried in 30’ of ash and pumice

Question 19

Christianity was what

Answer 19

Born out of Judaism

Question 20

Apostle Paul did what

Answer 20

Spread messages to non Jews, Greeks and Romans

Question 21

Roman Catholic Christians has what

Answer 21

Pope, father or head of church
Bishops, several churches
Priests, local level, one church

Question 22

Tradition says Apostle Peter is what

Answer 22

The 1st bishop of Rome, the “rock” but Jesus is the “rock”

Question 23

Their statement of beliefs was called what

Answer 23

Nicene Creed

Question 24

The RCC split, what happened

Answer 24

The Great Schism, Roman Catholics went west and Greek Orthodox went East

Question 25

Christians were persecuted, why

Answer 25

They would not worship the Romans gods/emperors, they were Rome’s scapegoats for their problems

Question 26

Who blamed Christians for what

Answer 26

Hero blamed them for the Great Fire of Rome, it was the 1st persecution of Christians

Question 27

During Pax Romana what happened

Answer 27

Great buildings and structures were built

Question 28

What is Circus Maximus

Answer 28

An arena built to watch the “circuses”, Chariot races were held in the arena that held 250k, largest stadium in history, center called Spina

Question 29

The colosseum is what

Answer 29

An arena for the “blood sports”, gladiators fought, recreated mock battles and naval battles, animal contests, crucifixions, Christians “burned alive” built by Vespasian and his son Titus, opened it for 100 days straight

Question 30

The arenas provided what

Answer 30

Free entertainment for unemployed and masses during the over 130 holidays a year

Question 31

The Pantheon is what

Answer 31

The temple built to honor Roman pagan gods, built of concrete

Question 32

The first and oldest Roman road was what

Answer 32

The Appian way, from Rome to southern Italy, 350 miles

Question 33

Roman aqueducts were what

Answer 33

Built to carry water over long distances

Question 34

Roman public baths were what

Answer 34

Called thermae, modern day spa

Question 35

Roman Forum was what

Answer 35

Central square of city, like Agora

Question 36

The imperial crisis almost causes what

Answer 36

Empire to collapse

Question 37

Diocletian does what

Answer 37

Divides empire into 2 parts, it was too big for one person to rule

Question 38

A tetrarchy forms, what is it

Answer 38

The rule of 4, 2 senior emperors called Augustus’ and 2 junior emperors called Caesars

Question 39

The west becomes what

Answer 39

The Roman Empire

Question 40

The East becomes what

Answer 40

The Byzantine empire

Question 41

West is what now

Answer 41

Ruled by Maximian, city of Rome is now capital

Question 42

The East is now what

Answer 42

The city of Byzantium is renamed to Constantinople, ruled by Diocletian

Question 43

What was the great persecution

Answer 43

Last and most severe of Christian persecutions, over 3k martyred

Question 44

Who is Constantine

Answer 44

He comes to power, fights for the power at battle of milvian bridge, claims to halve vision before battle and gives credit to Jesus for winning

Question 45

What is the Chi Rho

Answer 45

Early Christian symbol for cross

Question 46

Constantine becomes what

Answer 46

The sole ruler of 2 empires

Question 47

What is the edict of Milan

Answer 47

It allows religious toleration/freedom of worship for all religions

Question 48

Constantine does what

Answer 48

He puts an end to the persecutions, Christianity becomes the dominant religion

Question 49

What happens on March 7th

Answer 49

The “venerable day of the sun” becomes required for all to observe, the day of rest

Question 50

What are pagan holidays

Answer 50

Easter, New Years, all saints day, Halloween, Christmas

Question 51

What happens when the empires reunite

Answer 51

Constantinople gets all the power

Question 52

What happens on Constantines death bed

Answer 52

He becomes Christian and Rome rapidly declines after his death

Question 53

Theodosius does what

Answer 53

Makes Christianity the state religion of Rome, paganism becomes outlawed, stops Greek olympics

Question 54

What’s the first reason the empire starts to fall

Answer 54

Christianity, popes took power from emperors

Question 55

What’s the second reason the empire starts to fall

Answer 55

Corrupt emperors, drained all the money and Rome goes bankrupt

Question 56

What’s the third reason the empire starts to fall

Answer 56

Germanic barbarian invasion, the Gothic wars, Celts, Goths, Visigoths, Vandals, Franks, and Huns attack the borders and war drains money

Question 57

What’s the fifth reason the empire starts to fall

Answer 57

Mercenary soldiers ( barbarians ), they were not loyal to Rome and it was expensive

Question 58

What is the fifth reason the empire starts to decline

Answer 58

There’s a decline of morals/values, Romans become evil

Question 59

Who is Aleric

Answer 59

A goth Barbarian king who sacks Rome, Rome pays him off to leave and gets the city back

Question 60

Rome is sacked again by who

Answer 60

It is sacked and destroyed b Odoacer

Question 61

Who was the last emperor in the west

Answer 61

Romulus Augustulus

Question 62

The end of the Roman Empire in the west does what

Answer 62

Throws it into the dark ages ( medieval period )

Question 63

What happens to the East empire

Answer 63

It lasts 1k more years, collapsed by Ottoman Turks and fell in the 15 century (1400)