Anemia Flashcards
(48 cards)
1
Q
leukopenia
A
low WBC
2
Q
leukocytosis
A
high WNC
3
Q
anemia
A
low HgB/Hct
4
Q
polycythemia
A
high HgB/Hct
5
Q
thrombocytopenia
A
low platelets
6
Q
thrombocytosis
A
high platelets
7
Q
microcytosis
A
low MCV
8
Q
macrocytosis
A
High MCV
9
Q
anisocytosis
A
high RDW
10
Q
avg hgb at birth
A
17
11
Q
avg hgb adult male
A
16
12
Q
avg hgb adult female
A
13
13
Q
avg hgb preg
A
12
14
Q
why do men have higher hgb
A
testosterone stimulates erythropoieis
15
Q
why do women of child bearing years have lower hgb
A
menses
16
Q
main causes of anemia
A
red cell loss
inadequate production
destruction
17
Q
retic count with red cell loss
A
high
18
Q
retic count with poor production
A
low
19
Q
retic count with destruction
A
high
20
Q
lifespan of a RBC
A
110-120 days
21
Q
what do anemia symptoms depend on
A
magnitude and rate of development
22
Q
normal adult blood volume
A
5 L
23
Q
BV adult female
A
65
24
Q
BV adult male
A
70
25
BV children
80
26
BV neonates
100
27
compensatory mechanisms in hypovolemic patient
release stress hormones to offset hypotension by increasing blood volume/cardiac output or by reducing vasc capacity via vasoconstriction
28
what types of anemia are more common in pts from Mediterranean, africa
thalassemia and hemoglobinopathies
29
how does anemia affect vital
tachycardia, fever, orthostasis
30
microcytic anemia
MCV < 80 fL
31
macrocytic anemia
MCV >100 fL
32
most common cause of microcytic hypochromic anemia
iron deficiency anemia
33
usual suspects of iron def anemia
NSAIDs. ulcers, menses, colon cancer, blood donation
34
what makes iron more absorbable
ferric reductase (duod and jejun) reduces iron from 3+ to 2+
35
what transports iron to the bone marrow
trransferrin
36
total iron-binding capacity
measure of transferrin levels
37
per cent saturation
proportion of total transferrin that is bound to iron
38
what are the storage forms of iron
ferritin and hemosiderin
39
ferritin
main storage form, more labile
| acute phase reactant
40
hemosiderin
most stable storage form but less accessible
41
what is free ferritin called
apoferritin
42
what are plasma ferritin levels used for
diagnostic test for iron deficiency anemia
43
lab findings iron deficiency anemia
high TIBC
| low per cent sat, ferritin, serum iron
44
treatment of iron deficincy
ferrous
45
what happens when lead interferes with heme synthesis
production of zinc protoporphyrin and the development of microcytic anemia
46
pica
desire to eat non nutritive things
47
plumbophagia
ingestion of lead
48
pgophagia
consumption of ice
