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A. White- Human Anatomy > Anterior and Medial Thigh > Flashcards

Anterior and Medial Thigh Flashcards

1
Q

What are the major muscles of the anterior thigh?

A

Illiopsoas

Sartorius

Quadricepts femoris

Tensor fascia lata

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2
Q

What muscle is the chief flexor of the thigh?

A

Iliopsoas

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3
Q

What are the three portions of the iliopsoas?

A

iliacus, psoas major, psoas minor

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4
Q

What nerve is the Iliacus innervated by?

A

femoral nerve (L2 - L3)

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5
Q

What is the psoas major innervated by?

A

L1 - L3 ventral rami

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6
Q

What nerve innervates the psoas minor?

A

L1 - L2

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7
Q

What is the longest muscle in the thigh?

A

sartorius

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8
Q

What is the most superifical anterior thigh muscle?

A

sartorus

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9
Q

What nerve innervates the sartorius muscle?

A

femoral nerve

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10
Q

What are the actions of the sartorius muscle?

A

flex, abduct, laterally rotate thigh, flex leg

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11
Q

What is the pes anserinus?

A

common insertion for three muscles innervated by three separate nerves.

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12
Q

What innervates the quadriceps femoris?

A

femoral nerve

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13
Q

What are the actions of the quadriceps femoris?

A

Vasti extends the leg

Rectus extends leg and flexes thigh

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14
Q

The quadriceps tendon is made of how many tendons?

A

4 parts

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15
Q

The ligamentun patella is a continuation of what tendon?

A

Quadriceps tendon

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16
Q

What is the action of the quadriceps femoris?

A

extensor of the leg

flexor of the thigh

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17
Q

Where does the pectineus attach?

A

pectin line of the pubis

pectineal line

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18
Q

What is the pectineus innervated by?

A

femoral nerve

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19
Q

What are the actions of the pectineus?

A

Adduct and flex thigh

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20
Q

What is the attachment of the adductor longus?

A

Body of pubis

Middle 1/3 of linea aspera

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21
Q

What innervates the adductor longus?

A

obturator nerve

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22
Q

What are the actions of the adductor longus?

A

adducts and flexes thigh

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23
Q

Where does the gracilis attach?

A

pubis body and inferior ramus

superior part of medial surface of tibia.

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24
Q

Whta is the only adductor to cross knee joint?

A

gracilis

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25
Q

What is the gracilis innervated by?

A

obturator nerve

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26
Q

The saphenous nerve is a continuation of what nerve?

A

femoral nerve (L3, L4)

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27
Q

What are the actions of the gracilis?

A

adduct thigh

flex and medially rotate leg

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28
Q

Where does the adductor brevis attach?

A

pubis body and inferior ramus

proximal lina aspera

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29
Q

Where does the adductor brevis lie?

A

lies deep to pectineus and adductor longus

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30
Q

What is the adductor brevis innervated by?

A

obturator nerve

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31
Q

What are the functions of the adductor brevis?

A

Adduct and flex thigh

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32
Q

Where is the groin?

A

The junction between tht trunk and thigh

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33
Q

What is groin pull?

A

strain, stretching and tearing of the proximal attachments of thigh adductor/flexor muscles

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34
Q

What is the largest adductor muscle?

A

Adductor magnus

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35
Q

Where does the superior part of the adductor magnus lie deep to?

A

adductor brevis

36
Q

What are the two parts of the adductor magnus?

A

adductor portion

hamstring portion

37
Q

Where does the hamstring part of the adductor magnus attach?

A

ischial tuberosity

38
Q

Where does the adductor part of the ischiopubic ramus attach?

A

ischiopubic ramus

39
Q

What is the adductor part of the adductor magnus innervated by?

A

obturator nerve

40
Q

What is the hamstring part of the adductor magnus innervated by?

A

tibial division of sciatic nerve

41
Q

What is the action of the adductor part of the adductor magnus?

A

adducts and flexes thigh

42
Q

What is the action of the hamstring part of the adductor magnus?

A

adducts and extends thigh

43
Q

What nerve are the anterior thigh muscles innervated by?

A

femoral nerve

44
Q

What is the action of the anterior thigh muscles?

A

extension

45
Q

What nerve innervates the medial thigh muscles?

A

obturator nerve

46
Q

What is the action of the medial thigh muscles?

A

adduction

47
Q

What innervates the posterior thigh muscles?

A

sciatic nerve

48
Q

What is the action of the posterior thigh muscles?

A

flexion

49
Q

What does the femoral triangle contain?

A

NAVEL

Femoral nerve

Femoral artery

Femoral vein

Femoral canal (empty space)

Lymph nodes

50
Q

What are the borders of the femoral triangle?

A

floor = pectineus and iliopsoas muscles

roof = fascia lata

51
Q

What is the femoral sheath?

A

A funnel shaped fascial tube that encloses proximal parts of femoral vessels and femoral canal.

52
Q

What dos the femoral sheath allow?

A

It allows femoral vessels to glide smoothly deep to inguinal ligament during hip joint movements.

53
Q

How many compartments do the two vertical septa divide the femoral sheath into?

A

three

lateral (femoral artery)

Intermediate (femoral vein)

medial or femoral canal

54
Q

What is the femoral canal?

A

A medial compartment of the femoral sheath that contains lymph vessels, loose connective tissue and fat.

55
Q

What does the femoral sheath allow for?

A

for the femoral vein to expand during increased venous return.

56
Q

What is the femoral ring?

A

proximal opening of the femoral canal.

It is covered by parietal peritoneum

57
Q

What is a femoral hernia?

A

A weak area in anterior abdominal wall where a loop of small intestine can protrude into the femoral canal.

It occurs at the femoral ring

58
Q

Where do superifical inguinal lymph nodes lie?

A

They lie in the superifical fasica.

The proximal gorup lies inferior to inguinal ligament.

59
Q

Where does the distal group of the superficial fascia lie?

A

along each side of the great saphenous bein.

60
Q

Where do the distal and proximal groups of the superficial fascia pass into?

A

Pass deep to inguinal ligament.

Drain into external iliac lymph nodes.

61
Q

Where are the deep inguinal lymph nodes found?

A

Along the medial side of the femoral vein and inside femoral canal of femoral sheath.

They drain into external iliac lymph nodes.

62
Q

What is the largest branch of the lumbar plexus?

A

femoral nerve

63
Q

Where does the femoral nerve enter the thigh?

A

enters thigh just lateral to midpoint of injuginal ligament.

64
Q

What does the femoral nerve supply?

A

Anterior thigh muscles

Hip and knee joint

Iliacus

Sartorius

Quadriceps femoris

Pectineus

65
Q

What is the terminal cutaneous branch?

A

A saphenous nerve

66
Q

What is the cutaneous innervation of the anterior thigh?

A

intermediate and medial cutaneous branches of femoral nerve and saphenous nerve.

67
Q

You encounter a patient with an anterior hip dislocation. What nerveis most likely affected?

A

femoral nerve and lateral femoral cutaneous nerve

68
Q

What is meralgia paresthetica?

A

compression of lateral femoral cutaneous nerve as it passes under inguinal ligament, causing pain along lateral thigh.

69
Q

What is the saphenous nerve?

A

A cutaneous branch that accompanies femoral vessels.

70
Q

When does the saphenous nerve become superifical?

A

between the sartorius and gracillis

71
Q

What does the saphenous nerve supply?

A

skin of the anterior and medial knee and leg

medial foot

72
Q

Where do the saphenous nerve and saphenous branch of descepnding genicular artery exit?

A

through the medial side of the canal

73
Q

Where does the adductor canal begin?

A

At the femoral triangle apex

74
Q

Where does the adductor canal exit?

A

The adductor hiatus

75
Q

What is the adductor hiatus?

A

An opening in the tendon of adductor magnus.

76
Q

Femoral vessels reach popliteal fossa via what arch way?

A

adductor hiatus

77
Q

What is the chief arterial supply to the lower limb?

A

femoral artery

78
Q

Where does the femoral artery enter the femoral triangle?

A

deep to midpoint of inguinal ligament.

Lateral to femoral vein

79
Q

In the thigh, the femoral artery gives rise to what?

A

articular branch and saphenous branch

80
Q

What is the largest branch of the femoral artery?

A

profunda femoris artery

It is a chief artery to the thigh.

81
Q

Where does the profunda femoris artery typcially descend?

A

behind adductor longus.

In femoral triangle, it gives rise to medial and lateral circumflex femoral arteries.

82
Q

What artery is the main supply to the femoral head and nek?

A

medial circumflex artery

83
Q

What does the medial circumflex femoral artery pass to reach the posterior thigh?

A

medial circumflex femoral artery

84
Q

What does the lateral circumflex femoral artery supply?

A

lateral thigh muscles and femur head

85
Q

Where does the femoral vein enter?

A

Enters the femoral triangle to femoral artery.

Lies deep to femoral artery toward femoral triangle apex

86
Q

What is the great saphenous vein used for?

A

administering blood, electrolytes, drugs, etc.

87
Q

What is Hilton’s Law?

A

A joint is innervated by the very same nervees that supply the muscles that move the joint and supply the skin over the joint.

A. White- Human Anatomy (23 decks)

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