Vasculature Of The Abdominal Viscera

Question 1

Where does the abdominal aorta enter the abdomen?

Answer 1

Through the aortic hiatus

Question 2

True or false: the abdominal aorta is retroperitoneal

Answer 2

True

Question 3

Where does the aorta terminate?

Answer 3

At L4

Question 4

What is located to the right of the aora?

Answer 4

The inferior vena cava

Question 5

What forms the aortic hiatus?

Answer 5

The left and right crus of the diaphragm

Question 6

Where are the anterior longitudinal ligament and vertebral bodies?

Answer 6

Posterior to the aorta

Question 7

Is the aorta retroperitoneal?

Answer 7

Yes

Question 8

Where is the abdominal aorta in relation to other structures?

Answer 8

IVC (right)

Pancreas (anterior)

Duodenum (anterior)

Root of the mesentery (anterior)

Question 9

What are paired branches of the abdominal aorta?

Answer 9

Inferior phrenic

Subcostal and lumbar

Middle suprarenal

Renal

Gonadal

Common iliarc

Question 10

What are the unpaired branches of the abdominal aorta?

Answer 10

Celiac artery

Superior mesenteric

Inferior mesenteric

Median sacral

Question 11

Where does the celiac trunk branch?

Answer 11

From the aorta immediately below the aortic hiatus.

Question 12

What is the celiac trunk surrounded by?

Answer 12

Celiac plexus and ganglia

Question 13

What are the 3 major branches of the celiac trunk?

Answer 13

Left gastric (superior)

Common hepatic (right)

Splenic (left(

Question 14

What does the left gastric artery anstomose with?

Answer 14

Branches of the right gastric along the lesser curvature

Question 15

What does the common hepatic artery branch into?

Answer 15

Proper hepatic artery (superior)

Gastroduodenal artery (inferior)

Question 16

What does the hepatic artery end as?

Answer 16

The right and left hepatic arteries

Question 17

What is the cystic artery usually a branch of?

Answer 17

The right hepatic artery

Question 18

What is the splenic artery from?

Answer 18

The celiac trunk.

It runs posterior to the stomach, and superior to the pancreas.

Question 19

What does the left gastro-omental artery anastomose with?

Answer 19

The right gastro-omental on the greater curvature of the stomach.

Question 20

What are the contents of the hepatoduodenal ligament?

Answer 20

Hepatic artery

Portal vein

Bile duct

Question 21

What is the function of the portal vein?

Answer 21

It brings deoxygenated, nutrient rich blood from the GI tract to the liver.

Question 22

What is the function of the hepatic artery?

Answer 22

It supplies oxygenated blood.

It further divides into the left and right hepatic arteries.

Question 23

What do the right and left hepatic veins drain into?

Answer 23

The right and left sides of the inferior vena cava.

Question 24

Do the hepatic veins follow the branching patterns of portal veins, hepatic ducts and the hepatic artery?

Answer 24

No

Question 25

Where does the gall bladder and biliary tract lie?

Answer 25

In the hepatic fossa

Question 26

Where does the fundus contact the anterior abdominal wall of the midclavicular line?

Answer 26

At the 9th or 10th costal cartilage

Question 27

Where does the superior mesenteric artery arise from?

Answer 27

The aorta posterior to the neck of the pancreas.

Question 28

What does the pancreas receive branches from?

Answer 28

The celiac and superior mesenteric arteries.

Question 29

What is the first branch of the superior mesenteric artery?

Answer 29

An inferior pancreaticoduodenal.

Question 30

Where do branches from the superior mesenteric artery meet branches from the gastroduodenal?

Answer 30

The anterior and posterior surfaces of the head of the pancreas.

Question 31

Where does the superior mesenteric artery branch?

Answer 31

To the small intestine. It containst he inferior pancreaticoduodenal artery, jejunal arteries and ileal arteries

Question 32

What are branches of the superior mesenteric artery found in the large intestine?

Answer 32

Ileocolic artery Right colic artery Middle colic artery

Question 33

What are the branches of the ileocolic artery?

Answer 33

Posterior cecal branch Anterior cecal branch Ileal branches Appendicular branch

Question 34

What does the inferior mesenteric artery supply?

Answer 34

Derivativees of the hindgut. It branches into the left colic artery and sigmoid arteries.

Question 35

Where does the hepatic portal system begin?

Answer 35

As capillaries in the digestive system. It ends as capillaries in the liver. It is oxygen poor, and nutrient rich. It also dains blood from the esophagus to the upper anal canal.

Question 36

What does the hepatic portal system end as?

Answer 36

Capillaries in the liver.

Question 37

For about two inches of the protal vein, there are no valves.

Answer 37

Interesting.

Question 38

What is the hepatic portal system formed by?

Answer 38

Splenic vein Superior mesenteric vein Inferior mesenteric vein

Question 39

Where does the hepatic portal system form?

Answer 39

Posterior to the neck of the pancreas. It ends as the right and left branches in the liver.

Question 40

Where does the hepatic portal system run?

Answer 40

Through the hepatoduodenal ligament to enter the liver at the porta hepatis.

Question 41

What are some direct tributaries of the portal vein?

Answer 41

Cystic vein Left gastric vein Right gastric vein

Question 42

What are direct tributaries of the splenic vein?

Answer 42

Splenic vein Short gastric vein Left gastro-omental vein Pancreatic vein

Question 43

What are direct tributaries of the superior mesenteric vein?

Answer 43

Right gastro-omental Pancreaticoduodenal

Question 44

What are the components of the superior mesenteric vein?

Answer 44

Intestinal vein Ileocolic vein Right colic vein Middle colic vein

Question 45

Where does blood of the stomach and esophagus drain superiorly into?

Answer 45

The azygous system.

Question 46

Where dos blood of the stomach and esophagus drain inferiorly into?

Answer 46

The portal system

Question 47

What do common iliac veins join to form at L5?

Answer 47

Inferior vena cava

Question 48

Where is the formation of the common iliac veins to form the inferior vena cava?

Answer 48

L5

Question 49

Where does the inferior vena cava pierce the central tendon of the diaphragm?

Answer 49

T8

Question 50

What does the inferior vena cava drain?

Answer 50

The posterior body wall muscles Genitourinary system Lower limbs

Question 51

What are the main tributaries of the inferior vena cava?

Answer 51

Common iliacs Lumbar veins Renal veins Hepatic veins

Question 52

What are tributaries of the inferior vena cava?

Answer 52

Right and left common iliac veins Middle sacral veins Lumbar veins Right and left renal vein Right gonadal vein Right suprarenal vein Hepatic vein Inferior phrenic vein

Question 53

Where do veins from the gastrointestinal tract normally drain into?

Answer 53

The portal vein, either directly or indirectly.

Question 54

What are connections between the poral venous system and the inferior vena cava system important?

Answer 54

When the liver is blocked from diseases such as cirrhosis. Blood flows back through the portal system and through the interconnections with the inferior vena cava to return to the heart.

Question 55

What are the four main ways for blood to bypass the liver?

Answer 55

Esophageal branches of the left gastric vein Paraumbilical vins in the falciform ligament Colic veins to retroperitoneal veins Between superior rectal veins and middle and inferior rectal veins.

Question 56

Where does the abdominal aorta begin?

Answer 56

At T12