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Anatomy exam 5 > Anterior cervical triangle > Flashcards

Anterior cervical triangle Flashcards

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1
Q

boundries of the anterior cervical triangle

A

anterior=midline of neck
posterior=sternoclidoidmastoid m
superior=inferior border of mandible

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2
Q

suprahyoid mm

A

stylohyoid m
digastric m
mylohyoid m
geniohyoid m

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3
Q

Infrahyoid mm

A

Omohyoid m
sternohyoid m
thyrohyoid m
sternothyroid m

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4
Q

action of the stylohyoid m

A

pulls hyoid bone upward in posterosuperior direction

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5
Q

innervation of the stylohyoid m

A

facial n (CN VII)

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6
Q

if both supra and infrahyoid contract at the same time

A

mandible is aided in opening

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7
Q

action of the digastric muscle

A

when mandible fixed-raises hyoid

when hyoid bone is fixed-opens mouth by lowering mandible

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8
Q

Innervation of the digastric muscle

A

ant belly- mandibular division of trigeminal (V3)

post belly- facial n (CN VII)

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9
Q

where CN VII comes out to innervate post bell of digastric and stylohyoid mm

A

between the two of them

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10
Q

Action of the mylohyoid m

A

support and elevate floor of mouth, elevate hyoid

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11
Q

Innvervation of the mylohyoid muscle

A

mandibular division of trigeminal (V3)

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12
Q

where the mylohyoid branch of v3 comes off

A

right before Inferior alveolar nerve enters the canal

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13
Q

action of geniohyoid muscle

A

mandible fixed- elevates & pulls hyoid forward

Hyoid fixed- pulls mandible down and inward

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14
Q

Innervation of the geniohyoid muscle

A

branch from anterior ramus of C1 carried via hypogglossal n (CN XII)

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15
Q

action of the sternohyoid muscle

A

depress hyoid after swallowing

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16
Q

innervation of the sternohyoid muscle

A

anterior rami of C1-C3 via ansa cervicalis

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17
Q

motor components of the cervical plexus

A

ansa cervicalis

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18
Q

action of the omohyoid muscle

A

Dresses and fixes hyoid bone

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19
Q

Innervation of the omohyoid muscle

A

anterior rami of C1-C3 via ansa cervicalis

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20
Q

action of the thyrohyoid muscle

A

depresses hyoid bone

when hyoid fixed, raises larynx

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21
Q

innervation of the thyrohyoid muscle

A

fibers from anterior ramus of C1 carried via the hypoglossal n(CN XII) (nerve to thyrohyoid m

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22
Q

why raise the larynx

A

get it out of the way for swallowing

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23
Q

action of the sternothyroid muscle

A

draws larynx (thyroid cartilage) downward

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24
Q

Innervation of the sternothyroid muscle

A

anterior rami of C1-C3 via ansa cervicalis

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25
Veins of the neck
``` Facial V, Retromandibular V Anterior jugular V Communicating branch V Internal jugular V external jugular V ```
26
whar two veins join to form the internal jugular
Facial vein and retromandibular vein
27
retromandibular joins with
Facial vein (anterior) and posterior auricular (posterior)
28
what forms the external jugular vein
Retromandibular vein and posterior auricular vein
29
flow of venous drainage
ipsilateral
30
the communicating branch is between
the common facial and anterior jugular
31
separates internal and external jugular veins
Sternocleidomastoid m and superior belly of omohyoid
32
What forms the retromandibular vein
Superficial temporal and maxillary V
33
what does the anterior division of the retromandibular vein drain to
joins with the facial v to form the common facial, ultimately draining to the internal jugular vein
34
what does the posterior division of the retromandibular vein drain to
joins with the posterior auricular v to form the external jugular vein
35
where the common carotid bifurcates to internal and eternal carotid
at C3-C4 level
36
Neck branches of the external carotid
``` Anterior: Superior thyoid A Lingual A Facial A Posterior: Ascending pharyngeal A Occipitial A Posterior auricular A ```
37
What does the external carotid A terminate as
superficial temporal A | Maxillary A
38
The first Anterior brnach of the external carotid A
superior thyroid Artery
39
Where does the superior thyroid atery arise from the external carotid
from anterior surface near bifurcation
40
the superior thyroid artery gives off
the superior laryngeal A
41
What does the superior thyroid artery supply
superior portion of thyroid gland
42
what artery pierces the thyrohyoid membrane
superior laryngeal a
43
the second branch of the external carotid A
Lingual Arteryjus
44
Where does the Lingular Artery arise
just above the superior thyroid a at the level of greater horn of the hyoid bone
45
where does the Lingular artery go to
passes deep into the muscle of the tongue
46
3rd branch of the external carotid a
Facial A
47
where does the facial artery arise
superior to the lingual A
48
What does the facial artery supply
crosses the inferior border of the mandible to supply the face
49
1st posterior branch of the external carotid a
Ascending pharyngeal A
50
Where does the Ascending pharyngeal Artery arise
close to bifurcation of the common carotid A
51
What does the ascending pharyngeal Artery
ascends to supply pharynx & tonsils
52
2nd posterior branch of the external carotid A
Occipital artery
53
where does the occipital artery branch off the external carotid A
Near the level of origin of the facial A
54
travel of the occipital A
passes deep to posterior belly of digastric M to ascend to supply to supply neck & Scalp
55
branches of occipital artery
muscular branch for sternocleidomastoid muscle (hooks over CN XII)
56
3rd posterior branch of the external carotid A
posterior auricular artery
57
where does the posterior auricular artery arise
superior to origin of the occipital a and posterior bell of the digastric muscle
58
travel of the posterior auricular artery
passes upward and posterior to supply scalp posterior to ear
59
spinal nerves of the anterior cervical triangle
``` Transverse cervical (C2-C3) Ansa Cervicalis (C1-C3) ```
60
travel of the transverse cervical nerve (C2-C3)
runs transversely across middle of sternoclavomastoid m
61
transverse cervical nerve (C2-C3) supplies
skin of anterior cervical triangle & lateral neck
62
Nerve loop formed from anterior rami of cerical nerves C1-C3
ansa cervicalis
63
the ansa cervicalis innervates
infrahyoid mm
64
what is the superior root of the ansa cervicalis made of
C1 fibers from anterior rami
65
what is the inferior root of the ansa cervicalis made of
anterior rami of C2 & C3
66
devisions of the anterior cervical triangle
submental triangle submandibular triangle musclular triangle carotid triangle
67
boarders of the submental triangle
inferior=hyoid lateral(right)= anterior belly of digastric lateral (left)= anterior belly of digastric
68
contents of the submental triangle
mylohyoid m submental lymph nodes small veins
69
boarders of the submandibular triangle (digastric)
``` superior= inferior border of mandible anterior/inferior= anterior belly of digastric m posterior/inferior= post belly of digastric m ```
70
contents of the submandibular (digastric) triangle
``` submandibular gland submandibular lymph nodes marginal mandibular branch of facial nerve (CN VII) hypoglossal N (CN XII) mylophyoid N (CN V3) Facial A and V ```
71
Borders of the muscular triangle
superior= hyoid bone lateral=superior belly of omohyoid m & anterior border of Sternoclavomastoid m medial= midline of neck
72
muscular contents of the muscular triangle
omohyoid m sternohyoid m sternthyroid m thyrohyoid m
73
Viscera contents of the Muscular Triangle
``` Thyoid gland parathyroid glands Trachea Esophagus Common Carotid A Internal Jugular V ```
74
borders of Carotid Triangle
``` Superior = stylohyoid m And posterior belly of digastric m Posterior = anterior border of Sternoclavicomastoid m Anteroinferior= superior belly of omohyoid m ```
75
nerve contents of carotid triangle
``` accessory (CN XI) Vagus (CN X) Hypoglassal (CN XII) Ansa Cervicalis (C1-C3) Laryngeal nn (CN X branches) ```
76
Arteries of the carotid triangle
Common, internal & external carotid aa, 6 branches of external carotid A (3 anteriro and 3 posterior)
77
veins of the carotid triangle
all branches have accompanying vv drainage into the internal jugular vein
78
what is covered by the carotid sheath
``` Carotid A Common carotid A Internal Carotid A Carotid sinus Internal Jugular V Vagus N (CN X) ```
79
dilation of internal carotid A near bifurcation of common carotid A; contains receptors that monitor blood pressure changes (baroreceptors
Carotid sinus
80
1st branch off the subclavian a
vertebral A
81
branches off the subclavian a
Vertebral A | Thyrocervical trunk
82
Arteries off the thyrocervical trunk important for the root of the neck
Inferior thyroid A Ascending cervical A Transverse cervical A
83
right lymphatic drainage includes
R head R neck R thorax R uper extremity
84
what does the R lymphatic drainage drain to
Right lymphatic Duct at the R venous angle
85
where is the venous angle
where the subclavian joins with the internal jugular
86
Left lymphatic drainage
Thoracic duct
87
where the thoracic duct is found
at the left venous angle
88
what does the thoracic duct drain
``` both lower extremities plevis abdomen left thorax left upper extremity Left head Left neck ```
89
nerves at the root of the neck
Phrenic n(C3-C5) Vagus n (CN X) recurrent laryngeal n Sympathetics
90
what sympathetic ganglia are found in the cervical region
Superior Ganglion Middle Ganglion Inferior Cervical Ganglion
91
The inferior cervical ganglion and the first thoracic ganglion combine to form
the Cervicothoracic( stellate ) ganglion
92
structures in the visceral compartment of the neck
Thyroid & Parathyoid glands (anterior_ Larynx and trachea Pharynx & esophagus (Posterior)
93
parts of the thyroid gland
R and L lobe with an isthmus connecting the two lobes
94
why a pyramidal lobe of thyoid gland may be left
due to the embryological origin of the thyroid gland
95
Arteries of thyroid and parathyroid gland
Superior thyroid a inferior thyoid a (anastomose inferiro/superior and across midline)
96
Veins of the thyroid and parathyoid gland
Superior thyroid Middle thyroid Inferior Thyoid
97
superior and middle thyroid vein drain into
the internal jugular
98
the infrior thyroid vein drains into
bracchiocephalic directly
99
where do prevertebral muscles lie
directly posterior to retropharyngeal space

Anatomy exam 5 (18 decks)

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