the orbit and the eye Flashcards
(130 cards)
1
Q
the membrane lining the inner eyelid
A
Palpebral conjunctiva
2
Q
the membrane lining the surface of the eye
A
bulbar conjuctiva
3
Q
the potential space between the palpebral and bulbar conjuctiva
A
conjunctival sac
4
Q
the conjuctival reflections from eyelid to eye
A
conjunctival fornices
5
Q
size of upper vs lower eyelid
A
upper is larger
6
Q
muscles that cross around eyelid, surrounding the eye to close the eye
A
orbicularis occuli
7
Q
what innvervates orbicularis occuli
A
CN VII (facial)
8
Q
connective tissue between the strands of orbicularis occuli are continuous with the tendon of
A
levator papebral superioris
9
Q
nerve for levator papebral superioris
A
CN III(oculomotor)
10
Q
muscle for the tarsal plate, inferior to levator papebral superioris
A
superior tarsal muscle
11
Q
inner lining of the eyelid that contains tarsal glands all the way to the papebral fissure
A
tarsal plate
12
Q
roll of the superior tarsal muscle
A
hold eyes open when not sleeping not voluntarily (sympathetic)
13
Q
roll of sebatious glands in eyelids
A
keep tears from evaporating so eyes stay moist
14
Q
connective tissue that completely surrounds eye from the boney tissue to papebral fissure
A
orbital septum
15
Q
the supperior support of the yelid
A
superior tarsus
16
Q
the inferior support for the eyelid
A
inferior tarsus
17
Q
anchor of the commisures of the eyelid
A
lateral palepral ligament and medial palpebral ligament
18
Q
eyelid support that interdigitates with orbicularis occuli
A
tendon of levator palpebrae superioris muscle
19
Q
what separates the infra and supra trochlear nerve
A
the trochlea
20
Q
vein and artery strucutre of the orbit
A
the supra-orbital artery and vein and infra-orbital artery. Anastomose with each other
also lacrimal artery fro internal
21
Q
roof of orbit
A
frontal, sphenoid
22
Q
lateral wall of orbit
A
zygomatic, sphenoid
23
Q
floor of orbit
A
maxilla, zygomatic
24
Q
back of orbit
A
sphenoid (both lesser and greater wing)
25
medial wall of orbit
ethmoidal bone(back), lacrimal bone(front), palatine(sliver in bottom)
26
openings of the orbit
superior orbital fissure
optic canal
inferior orbital fissure
27
what defines the inferior orbital fissure
the maxilla and greater wing
28
the superior orbital fissure is between
the superior and lesser wing
29
what bones contribute to the orbital rim
frontal maxillary and zygomatic
30
foramina on the medial wall of the orbit
anterior and posterior ethmoidal foramen between ethmoid and frontal bone
and fossa for the lacrimal sac
31
what makes the fossa for the lacrimal sca
lacrimal bone and maxilla
32
what passes through the optic canal
CN II and ophthalmic A
33
what passes through the superior orbital fissure
CN III, IV, V1, and VI
| opthalmic vv
34
what passes through the supraorbital notch/foramen
```
supraorbital N (Branch of CN V1)
Supraorbital A
```
35
what passes through the orbital fissure
Infraorbital N
Zygomatic N (CN V2)
Zygomatic A
36
what passes through the infraorbital foramen
```
infraorbital N (Brnach of CN V2)
Infraorbital A
```
37
what passes through the anterior ethmoid foramen
Anterior ethmoidal N (Branch of CN V1)
| Anterior ethmoidal A
38
what passes through the posterior ethmoidal foramen
posterior ethmoidal N (Brnach of CN V1)
| Posterior ethmoid A
39
CN II
optic Nerve
40
CN II(Optic) exits orbit to go to
primary visiual cortex
41
the opthamic artery branches from
internal carotid
42
1st branch of the opthamic artery
central retinol artery
43
artery and nerves that dive into the medial wall of the ethmoid bone to supply ethmoidal air cells
anteior and posterior ethmoidal
44
what lies posterior to the lens of the eyeball
vitrious humor
45
what lies anterior to the lens
aqueous humor
46
what makes up the outler layer of the eye
anterior: cornea (1/6)
posterior: sclera (5/6)
47
why is the cornea clear but the sclera is not, despite the fact that have the same make up
the ECM molecules line up in parallel in the cornea
48
where extraoccular eye muscles attach
scleara
49
parts of the middle eye
Choroid
Ciliary body
Iris
Pupil
50
the thin middle layer of ciliary aa and vorticose vv
choroid
51
smooth muscle around the lens for accommodation
ciliary body
52
the colored smooth muscle behind the cornea for controlling pupil size
iris
53
the adjustable aperature thru which light enters eyes
pupil
54
what connects ciliary body to the lens
zonular ligaments
55
how do vorticose veins come together
at the equitorial line in quadrants
56
features of the inner eye
Retina, Macula lutea, Fovea centralis, optic disc
57
the neural layer of the eye which receives light rays
Retina
58
the oval region of retina for visual acuity (yellow in color thus only visible with red-free light)
Macula lutea
59
the most acute vision site at the center of macula
fovea centralis
60
the region where CN II and retinal vessels enter and exit
optic disc
61
where retinal nerves come together to begin to form CN II
optic disc
62
dura is what on the eye
sclera
63
arachnoid is what on eye
choroid
64
if too much CSF pressure, what happens to the optic disk
begin to buldge out towards retina
65
blind spot of eye
optic disk
66
refractive meida of the eye
cornea, lens, aqueous humor, vitrous humor
67
the part of eye largely responsible for refraction of light in the ye
cornea
68
what focuses light rays and near or distant objects on retina
lens
69
the watery filling anterior to lens
aqueous humor
70
the gelatinous filling posterior to lens
vitreous humor (body)
71
when resportion in eye is blocked, what happens
glocoma (buildup of anterior pressure)
72
where is the lacrimal gland
in the superior lateral corner of the orbit
73
where do tears collect
lacrimal lake
74
the opens for the ducts for the nasolacrimal duct
pumpta
75
the ducts from the eye to the nasolacrimal duct
superior and inferior lacrimal caniculi
76
how do the superior and inferior lacrimal caniculi drain
from the pumpta to the lacrimal sac
77
where does the lacrimal sac sit
the bony fossa
78
where does the nasolacrimal duct open
inferior to the nasolacrimal concha
79
what muscles of the eye are outside of the tendonous ring of the eye
levator palpebra superioris
superior oblique
inferior oblique
80
raises upper eyelid
levator palpebrea superioris m
81
action of superior rectus m
elevates and adducts eye
82
action of inferior rectus m
depresses and adducts eye
83
action of lateral rectus m
abducts eye
84
action of medial rectus m
abducts eye
85
action of superior oblique m
dpresses and abducts eye and medially rotates eye
86
action of inferior oblique m
elevates and abducts eye and laterally rotates eye
87
orbital axis relation to visual axis
misaligned and gives us 3D vision
88
Roll of CN III in the eye
supplies levator palpebrea superioris, Superior recturs, medial rectus, Inferior rectus and inferior oblique mm
Caries para sympa to ciliary gnaglion
89
roll of CN IV in the eye
supplies superior Oblique m
90
CN VI in the eye
supplies Lateral rectus
91
pneumonic for motor nerve innervation of the eye
LR6(SO4)R3
92
what muscles are tested when eye is neutral
lateral and medial rectus
93
what msucles are tested when the eye is abducted
superior and inferior rectus
94
what muscle are tested when the eye is adducted
superior and inferior obliques
95
the nerve fibers between the eye and chiasm
optic n
96
the x shaped intermingling of nerve fibers
optic chiasm
97
the nerve fibers from chiasm to brain
optic tract
98
the 2 visual fields
temporal retina
| nasal retina
99
what visual field crosses over at the chiasm
temporal vision
100
what vision remains ipsilateral
nasal vision
101
how to detect blindness
visual field testing where the location of lesion determines deficit
102
results in total blindness in affected eye
optic nerve lesion
103
produces loss of peripheral vision
optic chiasm lesion
104
results in ipsilateral nasal visual field loss and contralateral temporal visual field loss
optic tract lesion
105
roll of the ciliray ganglion
receives post synaptic parasympa from CNII
| Supplies parasympa to ciliary m and pupillary sphincter m
106
sympa fibers of eye roll
pupillary dilator m
107
how does sympathetic innervation reach the eye
via the internal carotid plexus
108
where is the ciliary gnaglion
near optic nerve right behind the eye
109
what does the pupillary light reflex test
CN II and CN III
110
if there is CN III parasympathic lesion, what happens
pupil remains dilated
111
direct and consensual response to pupillary light reflex
direct: same eye constricts
consensual: different eye constricts
112
3 divisons of CN V1 in the orbit
Nasociliary N
Frontal N (most superior)
Lacrimal N
113
branches off the nasociliary N
Ethmoidal and infratrochlear nnn
| long ciliary nn (sensory and symp) to posterior eye
114
branches off frontal N
supraorbital and supratrochlear nn
115
what does the lacrimal n supply
lacrimal gland and conjuctiva
116
arteries of the orbit and eye
```
opthalmic a
posterior ciliary aa
central retinal a
ethmoidal aa
supraorbital a
supratrochlear a
lacrimal a
```
117
what artery gives rise to all the arteries of the eye
ophthalmic a
118
what artery supplies the outer and middle layers of the eye
posterior ciliary aa
119
what artery supplies the inner layer of the retina
central retinal a
120
what artery supplies the anterior cranial fossa, nose, and sinuses
ethmoidal aa
121
what artery supplies central region of forehead
supraorbital a
122
what artery supplies the medial region of forehead
supratrochlear a
123
what artery supplies the lacrimal gland
lacrimal a
124
Vein from the upper medial orbit
superior ophthalmic v
125
vein from the lower medial orbit
inferior ophthalmic v
126
draining of the superior and inferior ophthalmic v
anastomose with facial v and drain to cavernous sinus
127
drain the retina
cetral retinal v
128
what does the central retinal v drain into
cavernous sinus
129
what does corticose vv drain into
superior and inferior ophthalmic vv
130
where can ophthalmic veins drain
facial v and veins of scalp anterior
cavernous sinus posterior
pterygoid plexus posterior and inferior
