ANTERIOR COMPARTMENT OF FOREARM

Question 1

The anterior compartment muscles of the forearm mostly do ____ and are innervated by ____

Answer 1

flexion of wrist/finger and pronation

Ulnar nerve or median nerve

Question 2

The posterior compartment muscles of the forearm mostly do ____ and are innervated by ___

Answer 2

extension of wrist/fingers and supination

Radial nerve

Question 3

Pronator teres

Answer 3

O - medial epicondyle of humerus, anterior surfae of ulna just below coronoid process.
I - Midpoint of lateral surface of shaft of radius
A - Pronation, elbow flexion
N - Median nerve

Question 4

Flexor carpi radialis

Answer 4

O - medial epicondyle
I - base of 2nd and 3rd MC bones
A - Flexion of wrist and elbow, radial deviation
NS - Median

Question 5

Palmaris longus

Answer 5

O - Medial epicondyle
I - Palmar Aponeurosis
A - weak elbow flexor, flexion of wrist
NS - Median

Question 6

Flexor Carpis ulnaris

Answer 6

O - Medial epicondyle
I - Pisiform, base of 5th MC, indirectly to hook of hamate
A - Flexion of wrist and elbow, ulnar deviation
N - Ulnar nerve

Question 7

Flexor digitorum superficialis

Answer 7

O - Medial epicondyle, anterior surface of radius
I - either side of middle phalanges of medial 4 fingers
A - flexor of wrist and elbow, flex proximal finger joints
NS - Median N.

Question 8

Flexor digitorum profundus

Answer 8

O - Anterior surface of ulna
I - Proximal end of distal phalanges of medial 4 fingers
A - Wrist flexion, MCP flexion, proximal IP flexion, distal IP flexion
NS - Muscles fibres on lateral half = median nerve. Muscle fibres on medial half = ulnar nerve

Question 9

Flexor policis longus

Answer 9

O - (sometimes) medial epicondyle and anterior surface of radius
I - Distal phalanx of thumb
A - Flexion of thumb and a bit of flexion of wrist
NS - Median N.

Question 10

Pronator quadratus

Answer 10

2 attachments : distal 1/4 shaft of radius and ulna
A - pronation
NS - Median N.

Question 11

where is the pisiform location

Answer 11

medial end of distal carpal crease

Question 12

Where is hamate located

Answer 12

1 inch distal and 1 inch medial to pisiform

Question 13

What is a simple test for the health of the ulnar nerve?

Answer 13

Stabilize all the joints before the DIP and ask them to flex DIP

Question 14

Brachial artery branches into ____ at what point?

Answer 14

Radial and ulnar arteries 1 or 2 inches below elbow

Question 15

The radial artery passes beneath which muscle

Answer 15

brachioradialis

Question 16

What are the branches of the radial artery in the forearm?

Answer 16

muscular

1 recurrent radial branch

Question 17

What are the branches of the ulnar artery in the forearm

Answer 17

2 recurrents

common interosseous artery

Question 18

What are the 2 branches of the common interosseous artery

Answer 18

anterior and posterior interosseous artery

Question 19

The radial nerve travels down the ____

Answer 19

spiral groove right in front of the lateral epicondyle

Question 20

what are the two branches of the radial nerve

Answer 20

superficial and deep radial nerves

Question 21

Is superficial radial nerve motor or sensory? What does it supply

Answer 21

sensory supplies the lateral 2/3 of skin on back of hand and web of thumb

Question 22

is the deep radial nerve sensory or motor? what does it supply

Answer 22

motor

Muscles of posterior compartment

Question 23

What are the arteries which supply the elbow

Answer 23

1. Superior + inferior ulnar collateral
2. Deep brachial
3. 3 recurrent arteries

Question 24

Ulnar nerve passes behind _____ and enters the anterior compartment at ____

Answer 24

medial epicondyle

at 1/3 down the ulna

Question 25

The ulnar nerve is covered by what muscle

Answer 25

flexor carpi ulnaris

Question 26

What are the branches of the ulnar nerve

Answer 26

- 2 motor branches (flexor carpi ulnaris and medial half of flexor digitorum profundus) - 2 sensory branch: palmar and dorsal cutaneous

Question 27

What do the palmar and dorsal ulnar cutaneous nerves supply

Answer 27

the medial 1/3 of hand on anterior and posterior surface

Question 28

Median nerve passes through...

Answer 28

cubital fossa then through 2 heads of pronator teres then between flexor digitorum superficialis and profundus

Question 29

What is is called when pronator teres impinges the median nerve

Answer 29

Pronator teres syndrome

Question 30

What are the branches of the ulnar nerve in the forearm

Answer 30

Anterior interosseous nerve and palmar cutaneous

Question 31

what does the anterior interosseous of the ulna nerve supply

Answer 31

deep muscles of the anterior compartment of forearm

Question 32

What does the palmar cutaneous nerve median supply

Answer 32

lateral 2/3 of skin on palm of hand

Question 33

What are the 3 borders of the cubital fossa and roof and floor

Answer 33

``` medial = pronator teres lateral = brachio-radialis superior = horizontal line connecting medial and lateral epicondyles of humerus roof = aponeurosis of bicipital tendon floor = brachialis ```

Question 34

What are the contents of the cubital fossa

Answer 34

- Medial nerve - Deep radial nerve - Superficial radial nerve - Musculocutaneous nerve - Brachial artery - ulnar artery - Radial artery - Recurrent radial artery - Biceps tendon

Question 35

What is medial epicondylitis? what is it also referred to as?

Answer 35

Inflammation of common flexor tendon aka golfers elbow

Question 36

What is the test for golfers elbow

Answer 36

Reverse tills test - passively move wrist int extension - increase tension on flexor muscles