Anterior Hand Flashcards
(38 cards)
1
Q
what are the four compartments of the anterior hand?
A
thenar
hypothenar
central
abbductor-interosseous
2
Q
the deep fascia of the palm continuous with antebrachial fascia at the wrist is called-
A
palmar carpal ligament
3
Q
the three types of deep fascia are
A
thenar fascia
hypothenar fascia
palmar aponeurosis
4
Q
what components are included in the thenar compartment
A
abductor pollicis brevis opponens pollicis flexor pollicis brevis tendon of flexor pollicis longus recurrent branch of median nerve arterial branch to the superficial palmar arch (from radial artery, joins with branch from ulnar artery)
5
Q
what artery and nerve supplies the muscles in the thenar compartment
A
recurrent branch of the median nerve
superficial palmar branch of the radial artery
6
Q
what muscles are included in the hypothenar compartment
A
abductor digiti minimi opponens digiti minimi flexor digiti minimi arterial branches from ulnar artery branches from superficial and deep branches of ulnar nerve
7
Q
what artery and nerve supplies the muscles in the hypothenar compartment
A
deep branch of ulnar nerve
superficial and deep branches of ulnar artery
8
Q
what muscles/components are included in the central compartment?
A
4 lumbrical muscles
8 flexor tendons (superficialis and profundus) and their synovial sheaths
superficial palmar arterial arch
digital and muscular branches of the median and ulnar nerves
9
Q
what arteries and nerves supply the central compartment?
A
digital and muscular branches of superficial pamar arch (joining of radial and ulnar arteries, arch is action “formed” by the ulnar artery)
ulnar and medial nerves (ulnar supplies medial two lumbricals, median nerve supplies lateral two lumbricals)
10
Q
what muscles are included in the adductor-interosseous compartment?
A
adductor pollicis (transverse and oblique heads) muscle 3 palmar interosseous muscles 4 dorsal interosseous muscles
11
Q
what arteries and nerves supply the adductor-interosseous compartment
A
deep palmar arterial arch and branches
deep branch of ulnar nerve
12
Q
abductor pollicis brevis
A
origin = lateral end of flexor retinaculum insertion = lateral side of base of proximal phalanx of first digit, with flexor pollicis brevis innervation = recurrent branch of median nerve action = abduction of thumb
13
Q
origin = lateral end of flexor retinaculum insertion = lateral side of base of proximal phalanx of first digit, with flexor pollicis brevis innervation = recurrent branch of median nerve action = abduction of thumb
thenar compartment
A
abductor pollicis brevis
14
Q
opponens pollicis
A
origin = lateral end of flexor retinaculum insertion = shaft of first metacarpal innervation = recurrent branch of median nerve action = opposition of thumb
15
Q
origin = lateral end of flexor retinaculum insertion = shaft of first metacarpal innervation = recurrent branch of median nerve action = opposition of thumb
A
origin = lateral end of flexor retinaculum insertion = shaft of first metacarpal innervation = recurrent branch of median nerve action = opposition of thumb
16
Q
flexor pollicis brevis
A
origin = lateral end of the flexor retinaculum insertion = lateral side of base of proximal phalanx of first digit, with abductor pollicis brevis innervation = recurrent branch of median nerve action = flexes the thumb
17
Q
origin = lateral end of the flexor retinaculum insertion = lateral side of base of proximal phalanx of first digit, with abductor pollicis brevis innervation = recurrent branch of median nerve action = flexes the thumb
A
flexor pollicis brevis
18
Q
abductor digiti minimi
A
origin = medial end of the flexor retinaculum insertion = medial side of proximal phalanx of fifth digit innervation = deep branch of ulnar nerve action = abducts the little finger
19
Q
origin = medial end of the flexor retinaculum insertion = medial side of proximal phalanx of fifth digit innervation = deep branch of ulnar nerve action = abducts the little finger
A
abductor digiti minimi
20
Q
opponens digiti minimi
A
origin = medial end of flexor retinaculum insertion = medial side of entire fifth metacarpal innervation = deep branch of ulnar nerve action = opposition of little finger
21
Q
origin = medial end of flexor retinaculum insertion = medial side of entire fifth metacarpal innervation = deep branch of ulnar nerve action = opposition of little finger
A
opponens digiti minimi
22
Q
flexor digiti minimi
A
origin = medial end of flexor retinaculum insertion = medial side of base of proximal phalanx of little finger, with abductor digiti minimi innervation = deep branch of ulnar nerve action = flexes little finger
23
Q
origin = medial end of flexor retinaculum insertion = medial side of base of proximal phalanx of little finger, with abductor digiti minimi innervation = deep branch of ulnar nerve action = flexes little finger
A
flexor digiti minimi
24
Q
lumbrical muscles
A
4 muscles
origin = tendons of the flexor digitorum profundus insertion = radial (thumb) side of extensor tendons on posterior hand innervation = first two (lateral two) innervated by median nerve (proper digital nerves); second two (medial two) innervated by ulnar nerve (deep palmar branch) action = helps to flex metacarpophalangeal joints (MCP) and extend the interphalangeal joints
25
```
origin = tendons of the flexor digitorum profundus
insertion = radial (thumb) side of extensor tendons on posterior hand
innervation = first two (lateral two) innervated by median nerve; second two (medial two) innervated by ulnar nerve
action = helps to flex metacarpophalangeal joints (MCP) and extend the interphalangeal joints
```
lumbrical muscles
26
adductor pollicis muscles
```
origin = transverse head: from second, third, fourth metacarpal bones; oblique head: from capitate in distal row of carpal bones
insertion = medial side of first phalanx of thumb
innervation = deep branch of the ulnar nerve
action = adducts the thumb
```
27
```
origin = transverse head: from second, third, fourth metacarpal bones; oblique head: from capitate in distal row of carpal bones
insertion = medial side of first phalanx of thumb
innervation = deep branch of the ulnar nerve
action = adducts the thumb
```
adductor pollicis
28
palmar interosseous muscles
```
origin = metacarpal bone of digit acted upon
insertion = proximal phalax and extensor tendon of digit acted upon
innervation = deep branch of ulnar nerve
action = adduction of palm
```
none on middle finger, because the mid line runs through this digit
3 muscles
29
```
origin = metacarpal bone of digit acted upon
insertion = proximal phalax and extensor tendon of digit acted upon
innervation = deep branch of ulnar nerve
action = adduction of palm
```
3 muscles
palmar interosseous muscles
30
dorsal interosseous muscles
```
origin = from adjacent metacarpal bones of digit acted on
insertion = base of proximal phalanx and extensor tendon (does not insert on little finger?)
innervation = deep branch of ulnar nerve
action = abduction of palm
```
4 muscles
31
```
origin = from adjacent metacarpal bones of digit acted on
insertion = base of proximal phalanx and extensor tendon (does not insert on little finger?)
innervation = deep branch of ulnar nerve
action = abduction of palm
```
4 muscles
dorsal interosseous muscles
32
what is the purpose of synovial sheathes and what are the two important sheaths in the anterior hand?
reduce friction as flexor tendons pass under the flexor retinaculum
ulnar bursa
radial bursa
33
ulnar bursa contains:
8 tendons of flexor digitorum superficialis and flexor digitorum profundus
continues into the little finger but not the second, third, or fourth fingers
34
sheath covering 8 tendons of flexor digitorum superficialis and flexor digitorum profundus
continues into the little finger but not the second, third, or fourth fingers
ulnar bursa
35
radial bursa contains:
tendon of flexor pollicis longus
| continues into thumb
36
what are fascial clefts?
- potential spaces
- planes of cleavage between fasical membranes
- may be inside compartments or between compartments
- midpalmar cleft (medially)
- thenar cleft (laterally)
37
describe the branching pattern of the median nerve in the anterior hand
gives off 3 common palmar digital nerves
these common nerves divide into proper digital nerves that flank the fingers
-proper palmar digital nerves supply the cutaneous innervation to the sides of the digits and the lateral two lumbrical muscles
38
sudescribe the branching pattern of the ulnar nerve in the anterior hand
- does not go through flexor retinaculum
- palmar cutaneous branch is given off in forearm; above the flexor retinaculum
- superficial palmar branch : sensory innervation to medial 1 1/2 fingers
- deep palmar branch : motor innervation to all the muscles in the hypothenar and adductor-interosseous compartments and the medial two lumbricals
