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Anatomy > leg and dorsum of foot > Flashcards

leg and dorsum of foot Flashcards

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1
Q

name the 7 tarsal bones

A 
talus
calcaneus
navicular
cuboid
three cuneiforms
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2
Q

the patella is which dermatome?

A

L4

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3
Q

the great toe is which dermatome?

A

L4

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4
Q

the little toe is which dermatome

A

S1

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5
Q

the posterior surface of the leg is supplied by which dermatome

A

S1,S2

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6
Q

the saphenous nerve supplies cutaneous innervation to where?

A

medial side of the leg to the medial side of the foot

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7
Q

the medial and lateral sural nerves supply cutaneous innervation to where?

A

the upper calf (lateral side) before joining together to form the sural nerve

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8
Q

the sural nerve supplies cutaneous innervation to where

A

posterior and lateral leg and lateral foot

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9
Q

the superficial peroneal/fibular nerve supplies cutaneous innervation to where?

A

dorsum of foot except area between the first two toes

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10
Q

the deep peroneal/fibular nerve supplies cutaneous innervation to where?

A

area between two toes

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11
Q

what muscles are contained within the deep portion of the posterior osteofascial compartment of the leg?

A

popliteus
tibialis posterior
flexor digitorum longus
flexor hallucis longus

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12
Q

what muscles are contained within the superficial portion of the posterior osteogascial compartment of the leg?

A

gastrocnemius
soleus
plantaris

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13
Q

the muscles in the posterior compartment of the leg are innervated by what nerve?

A

tibial nerve

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14
Q

what muscles make up the triceps surae

A

gastrocnemius (2 heads)

soleus (1 head)

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15
Q

gastrocnemius

origin

A

two heads immediately above the two femoral condyles

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16
Q

gastrocnemius

inertion

A

through the calcaneal tendon to the back of the calcaneus

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17
Q

gastrocnemius

innervation

A

tibial nerve

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18
Q

gastrocnemius

action

A

flexor of the leg at the knee

strong plantar flexor of the foot at the ankle

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19
Q

soleus

origin

A

from the head and upper part of the fibula and from the soleal line of the tibia

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20
Q

soleus

insertion

A

with the gastrocnemius muscle; through the calcaneal tendon to the back of the calcaneus

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21
Q

soleus

innervation

A

tibial nerve

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22
Q

soleus

action

A

assists in plantar flexion
no action at the knee!
-doesnt cross the joint

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23
Q

plantaris

origin

A

next to the lateral head of the gastrocnemius m on the lateral condyle of the femur

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24
Q

plantaris

insertion

A

long thin tendon inserts on the medial side of the calcaneus adjacent to the calcaneal tendon

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25
the muscles in the deep portion of the posterior osteofacial compartment are innervated by
tibial nerve
26
popliteus origin
inside the capsule of the knee joint from the lateral side of the lateral condyle of the femur deep to the lateral collateral ligament
27
popliteus insertion
on the back of the tibia above the soleal line | pierces the capsule of the knee joint under the arcuate ligament
28
popliteus innervation
tibial nerve
29
popliteus action
if the foot is not fixed: medially rotates leg if the foot is fixed (as if standing on the floor): laterally rotates the femur when knee is locked - unlocks the locked knee at the beginning of flexion (by rotating tibia relative to the femur) when the knee is locked - the femur is medially rotated with respect to the leg
30
tibialis posterior origin
from the interosseous membrane and adjacent bones
31
tibialis posterior progression
from interosseous membrane, crosses between the flexor digitorum longus and tibia to lie adjacent to the medial malleolus, then enters the plantar surface of foot
32
popliteus progression
lateral side to medial side across the back of the knee
33
tibialis posterior insertion
sustenaculum tali, tubercle of navicular bone, three cuniform bones, cuboid bone second, third, fourth metatarsal bones
34
tibialis posterior innervation
tibial nerve
35
tibialis posterior action
inverts the foot adducts the foot plantar flexes the foot
36
flexor digitorum longus origin
the back of the tibia
37
flexor digitorum longus progression
back of the tibia, crosses over tibialis posterior, and enters the foot
38
flexor digitorum longus insertion
to the distal phalanx of the lateral four toes
39
flexor digitorum longus innervation
tibial nerve
40
flexor hallucis longus origin
from the fibula and posterior intermuscular septum
41
flexor hallucis longus insertion
on the distal phalanx of the big toe (hallucis)
42
flexor hallucis longus progression
from the fibula and posterior intermusuclar septum enters the foot by grooving the inferior surface of the sustenaculum tali passes deep to the tendon of the flexor digitorum longus
43
flexor hallucis longus innervation
tibial nerve
44
the flexor retinaculum of the leg is attached to what structures?
medial malleolus anteriorly | calcaneus posteriorly
45
from anterior to posterior, what structures pass through the flexor retinaculum?
tendon of the tibialis posterior tendon of the flexor digitorum longus neurovascular bundle to the plantar surface of the foot (tibial nerve, posterior tibial artery) tendon of the flexor hallucis longus
46
the muscles in the lateral osteofascial compartment of the leg are
fibularis/peroneus longus | fibularis/peroneus brevis
47
the function of the muscles in the lateral compartment is
eversion of the foot abduction of foot peroneal longus peroneal brevis
48
the lateral osteofacial compartment is formed by
anterior intermuscular septum posterior intermuscular septum fibula
49
fibularis/peroneus longus origin
the upper portion of the fibula
50
fibularis/peroneus longus progression
upper portion of fibula descends first superficial, then posterior to the peroneal brevis, passing posterior to the lateral malleolus turns under the cuboid bone then crosses the plantar surface of the foot
51
fibularis/peroneus longus insertion
medial cuneiform, first metatarsal
52
fibularis/peroneus longus innervation
superficial fibular/peroneal nerve
53
fibularis/peroneus brevis origin
lower potion of the fibula
54
fibularis/peroneus brevis progression
from the lower portion of the fibula | passes posterior to the lateral malleolus
55
fibularis/peroneus brevis insertion
base of the fifth metatarsal
56
fibularis peroneus brevis innervation
superficial fibular/peroneal nerve
57
the lateral compartment is supplied by branches from which arteries
fibular/peroneal artery anterior tibuial arteries both branches off the popliteal
58
the tendons of the lateral compartment are held in place by what structure
two fibular/peroneal retinaculum superior fibular retinaculum inferior fibular retinaculum
59
the superior fibular retinaculum attaches where
lateral mallelous and calcaneus | holds tendons in a common synovial sheath
60
the inferior fibular retinaculum attaches where
to the calcaneus near the inferior extensor retinaculum, crosses tendons and attaches to lateral surface of calcaneus separate synovial sheaths sort of a continuation of the inferior extensor retinaculum
61
the muscles in the anterior osteofascial compartment include:
tibialis anterior extensor hallucis longus extensor digitorum longus peroneus tertius
62
the anterior osteofascial compartment is supplied by
deep peroneal nerve anterior tibial artery
63
the function of the anterior osteofascial compartment is:
dorsiflexion of the foot "flex the foot"
64
tibialis anterior origin
from the tibia and the interosseous membrane
65
tibialis anterior | insertion
near the inferior surfaces of the medial cuneiform and first metatarsal bones
66
tibialis anterior innervation
deep peroneal nerve
67
tibialis anterior action
dorsiflex the foot invert the foot adducts the foot
68
extensor hallucis longus origin
middle third of the leg from the interosseous membrane and fibula
69
extensor hallucis longus insertion
distal phalanx of the great toe
70
extensor hallucis longus innrevation
deep fibular/peroneal nerve
71
extensor hallucis longus action
extends the big toe
72
extensor digitorum longus origin
lateral condyle of the tibia, the fibula, anterior intermuscular septum, interosseous membrane
73
extensor digitorum longus insertion
as the extensor expansion on the toe
74
peroneus tertius progression
appears to be part of the extensor digitorum longus | but the tendon goes to the base of the fifth metatarsal rather than to the digit
75
the strucutres passing through the superior extensor retinaculum are
tibialis anterior extensor hallucis longus extensor digitorum longus tibialis anterior passes thorugh superior retinaculum in a synovial sheath
76
the inferior extensor retinaculum : describe
Y shaped stem of the y = attacehd to upper surface of calcaneus attaches to the medial malleolus with one side of the Y attaches to the deep fascia with the other limb of the Y each muscle travels in a synovial sheath through the inferior extensor retinaculum
77
extensor digitorum brevis origin
from the superior surface of the calcaneus | divides into four bellies each with a tendon
78
the first belly of the extensor digitorum brevis is sometimes known as the:
extensor hallucis brevis
79
extensor digitorum brevis insertion
first belly = attaches to proximal phalanx of the great toe other three = attaches to the extensor digitorum longus tendon
80
extensor digitorum brevis innervation
deep peroneal nerve

Anatomy (19 decks)

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