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Axilla Flashcards

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1
Q

dorsal scapular nerve

A

from anterior primary ramus of C5
(branches off root of C5 directly)

pierces scalenus medius muscle
innervates rhomboid muscles

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2
Q

long thoracic nerve

A

from anterior primary rami of C5,C6,C7
branches off all these roots

pierces scalenus medius muscle
innervates serratus anterior 
-atrophy results in winged scapula
-c5,6,7 will get you into heaven/wings go to heaven
-runs with lateral thoracic artery
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3
Q

SUPRAscapular nerve

A

branches off superior/upper trunk
contributions from c5,c6
(SUPra-SUPerior)

goes through scapular notch
innervates supraspinatus and infraspinatus muscles

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4
Q

nerve to subclavius

A

branches off superior/upper trunk

contributions from C5,c6

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5
Q

lateral pectoral nerve

A

branches off lateral cord
contributions from C5,c6,c7)

goes through costocoracoid membrane
innervates pectoralis major

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6
Q

medial pectoral nerve

A

branches off medial cord
contributions from C8, T1

innervates both pectoralis major and minor

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7
Q

medial brachial cutaneous

A

branches off medial cord
contributions from T1
small, easily broken during dissection

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8
Q

medial antebrachial cutaneous

A

branches off medial cord
contributions from C8, T1
long, very superficial

-do not confuse with ulnar nerve

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9
Q

upper subscapular nerve

A

branches off posterior cord
contributions from C5,C6

innervates subscapularis muscle

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10
Q

thoracodorsal nerve (middle subscapular nerve)

A 
branches off posterior cord
contributions from (C6) C7 C8

innervates latissimus dorsi

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11
Q

lower subscapular nerve

A

branches off posterior cord
contributions from C5,C6

innervates subscapularis muscle and teres major

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12
Q

axillary nerve

A

terminal branch of brachial plexus
contributions from C5,C6
branches off posterior cord

innervates deltoid and teres minor muscles
-travels with posterior humeral circumflex artery

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13
Q

radial nerve

A

terminal branch of brachial plexus
contributions from all roots (c5,c6,c7,c8,[t1])
branches off of posterior cord

goes to all dorsal muscles of the upper limb

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14
Q

musculocutaneous nerve

A

terminal branch of brachial plexus
contributions from c5,c6,c7
branches off of lateral cord

goes to anterior compartment of arm

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15
Q

median nerve

A

terminal branch of brachial plexus
contributions from all roots ([c5}, c6 c7 c8 t1)
joining of lateral and medial cords

major nerve to anterior forearm

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16
Q

ulnar nerve

A

terminal branch of brachial plexus
contributions of [c7] c8 t1
branches off of medial cord

major nerve to hand, minor nerve to anterior forearm

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17
Q

from anterior primary ramus of C5
(branches off root of C5 directly)

pierces scalenus medius muscle
innervates rhomboid muscles

A

dorsal scapular nerve

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18
Q

from anterior primary rami of C5,C6,C7
branches off all these roots

pierces scalenus medius muscle
innervates serratus anterior 
-atrophy results in winged scapula
-c5,6,7 will get you into heaven/wings go to heaven
-runs with lateral thoracic artery
A

long thoracic nerve

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19
Q

terminal branch of brachial plexus
contributions of [c7] c8 t1
branches off of medial cord

major nerve to hand, minor nerve to anterior forearm

A

ulnar nerve

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20
Q

terminal branch of brachial plexus
contributions from all roots ([c5}, c6 c7 c8 t1)
joining of lateral and medial cords

major nerve to anterior forearm

A

median nerve

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21
Q

terminal branch of brachial plexus
contributions from c5,c6,c7
branches off of lateral cord

goes to anterior compartment of arm

A

musculocutaneous

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22
Q

terminal branch of brachial plexus
contributions from all roots (c5,c6,c7,c8,[t1])
branches off of posterior cord

goes to all dorsal muscles of the upper limb

A

radial nerve

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23
Q

terminal branch of brachial plexus
contributions from C5,C6
branches off posterior cord

innervates deltoid and teres minor muscles
-travels with posterior humeral circumflex artery

A

axillary nerve

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24
Q

branches off posterior cord
contributions from C5,C6

innervates subscapularis muscle and teres major

A

lower subscapular nerve

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25
``` branches off posterior cord contributions from (C6) C7 C8 ``` innervates latissimus dorsi
thoracodorsal nerve
26
branches off posterior cord contributions from C5,C6 innervates subscapularis muscle
upper subscapular nerve
27
branches off medial cord contributions from C8, T1 long, very superficial
medial antebranchial cutaneous nerve
28
branches off medial cord contributions from T1 small, easily broken during dissection
medial brachial nerve
29
branches off medial cord contributions from C8, T1 innervates both pectoralis major and minor
medial pectoral nerve
30
branches off lateral cord contributions from C5,c6,c7) goes through costocoracoid membrane innervates pectoralis major
lateral pectoral nerve
31
branches off superior/upper trunk | contributions from C5,c6
nerve to subclavius
32
branches off superior/upper trunk contributions from c5,c6 (SUPra-SUPerior) goes through scapular notch innervates supraspinatus and infraspinatus muscles
suprascpular nerve
33
axillary artery
divided into three parts by borders of lateral edge of first rib, pectoralis minor, and lower border of teres major continuation of subclavian artery and continues to be brachial artery
34
superior thoracic artery
branch of first part of axillary artery (1 of 1 branch) supplies the first and second intercostal spaces superficially
35
divided into three parts by borders of lateral edge of first rib, pectoralis minor, and lower border of teres major continuation of subclavian artery and continues to be brachial artery
axillary arter
36
branch of first part of axillary artery (1 of 1 branch) supplies the first and second intercostal spaces superficially
superior thoracic artery
37
thoracoacromial trunk
branch of second part of the axillary artery (1 of 2 branches) arises behind the upper margin of the pectoralis minor muscle small trunk divides into four branches (a c d p)
38
branch of second part of the axillary artery (1 of 2 branches) arises behind the upper margin of the pectoralis minor muscle small trunk divides into four branches (a c d p)
thoracoacromial trunk
39
acromial artery
branch of thoracoacromial trunk | supplies region of acromion process of the scapula
40
branch of thoracoacromial trunk | supplies region of acromion process of the scapula
acromion artery
41
pectoral artery
branch of the thoracoacromial trunk pierce the costocoracoid membrane supplies the pectoralis major and minor muscles
42
branch of the thoracoacromial trunk pierce the costocoracoid membrane supplies the pectoralis major and minor muscles
pectoral artery
43
clavicular artery
branch of the thoracoacromial trunk | small branch that goes to the region of the subclavius muscle
44
branch of the thoracoacromial trunk | small branch that goes to the region of the subclavius muscle
clavicular artery
45
deltoid artery
branch of the thoracoacromial trunk enters deltopectoral triangle travels distally with the cephalic vein
46
branch of the thoracoacromial trunk enters deltopectoral triangle travels distally with the cephalic vein
deltoid artery
47
lateral thoracic artery
branch of second part of axillary artery (2 of 2 branches) arises behind the lower border of the pectoralis minor muscle supplies the lower anterior and medial aspects of the axilla and mammary glands -runs with long thoracic vein
48
branch of second part of axillary artery (2 of 2 branches) arises behind the lower border of the pectoralis minor muscle supplies the lower anterior and medial aspects of the axilla and mammary glands -runs with long thoracic vein
lateral thoracic artery
49
subscapular artery
branches off third part of axillary artery (1 of 3 branches) largest branch off axillary artery branches into two arteries)
50
branches off third part of axillary artery (1 of 3 branches) largest branch off axillary artery branches into two arteries)
subscapular artery
51
scapular circumflex artery
branches off subscapular artery goes around the scapula between the scapula and teres muscles gives off branches that pass through the triangular space ends deep to the infraspinatus muscle - joins the suprascapular artery (from thyrocervical trunk off the subclavian artery) (forms a collateral route for blood from the first part of the subclavian artery to the the third part of the axillary artery)
52
branches off subscapular artery goes around the scapula between the scapula and teres muscles gives off branches that pass through the triangular space ends deep to the infraspinatus muscle - joins the suprascapular artery (from thyrocervical trunk off the subclavian artery) (forms a collateral route for blood from the first part of the subclavian artery to the the third part of the axillary artery)
subscapular circumflex artery
53
thoracodorsal artery
second branch off of the subscapular artery travels with nerve of the same name supplies the latissimus dorsi muscle
54
second branch off of the subscapular artery travels with nerve of the same name supplies the latissimus dorsi muscle
thoracodorsal artery
55
anterior humeral circumflex artery
branches off the third part of the axillary artery (2 of 3 branches) small, passes anterior to the humerus joins its posterior counterpart
56
branches off the third part of the axillary artery (2 of 3 branches) small, passes anterior to the humerus joins its posterior counterpart
anterior humeral circumflex artery
57
posterior humeral circumflex artery
branches off the third part of the axillary artery (3 of 3 branches) larger, passes posterior to the humerous joins its anterior counterpart travels with axillary nerve
58
branches off the third part of the axillary artery (3 of 3 branches) larger, passes posterior to the humerous joins its anterior counterpart travels with axillary nerve
posterior humeral circumflex artery
59
what is the surface anatomy of the axilla?
anterior axillary fold - created by pec major and minor posterior axillary fold - created by scapula and associated muscles, latissimus dorsi axillary fossa - armpit
60
what are the boundaries of the axilla?
apex = cervicoaxillary canal - connects axilla to side of neck (bony borders) anterior wall = subclavius, pec minor, pec major covered by their facias medial wall = serratus anterior muscle and ribs posterior wall = subscapularis, teres major, latissimus dorsi lateral wall = humerus, coracobrachialis, biceps brachii muscles floor = skin and fascia of axilla
61
subscapularis muscle =
forms upper part of posterior wall of axilla on the anterior aspect of the scapula passes directly in front of the shoulder joint, fuses with its capsule on the lesser tubercle of humerus ``` origin = subscapular fossa of scapula insertion = lesser tubercle of humerus innervation = upper and lower subscapular nerves action = medial rotation blood supply = subscapular vessels ```
62
name the muscles that form the boundaries of the axilla
``` pectoralis major pectoralis minor subscapularis teres major latissimus dorsi serratus anterior ```
63
forms upper part of posterior wall of axilla on the anterior aspect of the scapula passes directly in front of the shoulder joint, fuses with its capsule on the lesser tubercle of humerus ``` origin = subscapular fossa of scapula insertion = lesser tubercle of humerus innervation = upper and lower subscapular nerves action = medial rotation blood supply = subscapular vessels ```
subscapularis
64
teres major =
forms posterior border of axilla "big round muscle of the shoulder" origin = inferior angle and axillary border of scapula insertion = crest of lesser tubercle (aka lesser tubercular ridge or medial lip of intertubercular sulcus) innervation = lower subscapular nerve action = adduction and medial rotation of arm blood supply = subscapular vessels
65
forms posterior border of axilla origin = inferior angle and axillary border of scapula insertion = crest of lesser tubercle (aka lesser tubercular ridge or medial lip of intertubercular sulcus) innervation = lower subscapular nerve action = adduction and medial rotation of arm blood supply = subscapular vessels
teres major
66
latissimus dorsi
posterior border of axilla origin = spinous processes of Tv7 down to the back/dorsal aspect of sacrum, from crest of ilium to the lower ribs - by way of posterior lamella of thoracolumbar fascia insertion = about an inch wide, on the lesser tubercular ridge and interterbercular sulcus of the humerus/ between teres major and pec major action = extends, adducts, medially rotates the humerus, also acts on the shoulder joint innervation = thoracodorsal nerve/middle subscapular nerve blood supple = thoracodorsal artery
67
posterior border of axilla origin = spinous processes of Tv7 down to the back/dorsal aspect of sacrum, from crest of ilium to the lower ribs - by way of posterior lamella of thoracolumbar fascia insertion = about an inch wide, on the lesser tubercular ridge and interterbercular sulcus of the humerus/ between teres major and pec major action = extends, adducts, medially rotates the humerus, also acts on the shoulder joint innervation = thoracodorsal nerve/middle subscapular nerve blood supple = thoracodorsal artery
latissimus dorsi
68
serratus anterior
forms medial wall of axilla origin = ribs 1 through 8 insertion = vertebral border of scapula action = prevents retraction of scapula (and thus shoulder), assists traps in rotation of the scapula to allow the limb to be raised above 90 degress innervation = long thoracic nerve loss of innervation of this muscle leads to winged scapula
69
forms medial wall of axilla origin = ribs 1 through 8 insertion = vertebral border of scapula action = prevents retraction of scapula (and thus shoulder), assists traps in rotation of the scapula to allow the limb to be raised above 90 degress innervation = long thoracic nerve loss of innervation of this muscle leads to winged scapula
serratus anterior

Anatomy (19 decks)

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